当前位置:网站首页 >> 作文 >> 2023年小学语文说课稿人教版(16篇)

2023年小学语文说课稿人教版(16篇)

格式:DOC 上传日期:2023-03-23 17:26:49
2023年小学语文说课稿人教版(16篇)
时间:2023-03-23 17:26:49     小编:zdfb

无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文,仅供参考,一起来看看吧

小学语文说课稿人教版篇一

《最后的玉米》是小学语文第四册第五单元中的一篇课文。这是一篇童话故事,全文采用拟人的手法讲述了一个收获的季节里,一个长得很棒的玉米,满怀希望地等待老婆婆来收获,可是一次又一次地失望。就在眼看着同伴们一个个被老婆婆摘走,自己心灰意冷时,听到了老婆婆的夸奖,才终于明白了自己获得了最高荣誉——被留作明年做种子。故事告诉我们:无论在什么情况下,都应该相信自己。在教学前,我充分研究教材,理清文章的脉络,制定教学目标,精心设计教学过程。教学以玉米的情感变化为线索:即从自信——不灰心——心灰意冷——感激。

课文语言浅显,内容简单,可放手让学生自读自悟,在正确、流利、有感情的基础上领会童话所蕴含的道理。因此,本课的设计以学生主动质疑、自主探究为主,让学生的学习更主动,更投入。

1、在语言环境中认识“确、棒、奈、晃、褐、烤、淋、腐、怨、誉”10个生字; 重点强调“褐、棒、烤、淋”的字形;理解并积累“荣誉、抱怨、心灰意冷、一无是处”等词语的意思。

2、能正确、流利、有感情地朗读课文,了解最棒的玉米心情变化的原因。

3、读文的过程中能尝试提出问题,并通过联系课文内容进行释疑,初步培养提问的意识。

4、通过学习懂得:一个人不管在什么情况下,都要对自己充满信心。

1、抓关键词提出问题,并联系上下文理解词句的意思

对于二年级的学生来说,让学生初步具有提问的意识,在学习的过程中,鼓励学生产生疑问,大胆提问是非常重要的,所以在进入新课学习时,抓住关键词:心灰意冷。让学生根据词义来提出问题,联系上下文,通过反复朗读解决这些问题。通过几个问题涵盖本课重点学习内容,在学习中充分体验和感受这个很棒的玉米心灰意冷的心理变化过程。另外,我们的学生理解词语的意思,往往借用参考书,并没有真正理解,这节课中我注意让学生联系课文上下文、借助课件理解词语。

2、让学生自主识字

在本课的识字教学中,让学生用自己的方法来认识生字,为学生营造一个民主、开放的学习环境,体会识字的乐趣。在写字教学中,抓住难写字:“差、荣”来扎扎实实的进行辅导,使学生能够正确书写。

3、让学生在不断朗读中体验情感。

运用多种形式的读,培养学生语感,让学生在读中感悟。这篇文章文词精美,情感丰富,很适合学生练习朗读。教学中,我给了学生充分读文的时间,将“读”贯穿了教学始终。有自由读、个人读,可让学生读出自己的感受和个性;有师生合作、生生合作读,读出玉米过去样子和现在样子的鲜明对比;还有入情入境的读,让学生当玉米说抱怨的心里话、夸老婆婆的玉米、感激老婆婆等等。创设语文课堂中朗朗书声的氛围,让学生通过朗读并联系上下文理解词语、句子等语文教学活动,充分调动学生积极的思维,培养学生的口头表达和交流的能力,感受课文的语言情景,从而教育学生坚强面对困难的决心和信心。

小学语文说课稿人教版篇二

����

�������������ס���ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµ¥ôªï¿½ðµï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªí¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½è«ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ»ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºü°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµè´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ»ñ£¬¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½îµï¿½ê§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õªï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä¿ä½±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£¬ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ä»¯îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����

������������ç³ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¼òµ¥£ï¿½ï¿½é·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìºï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ë¡£

����

����1�������ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½10�����ö£ï¿½ �øµï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â²¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡¢ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½

����2������è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ô­ï¿½ï¿½

����3�����äµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½

����4��í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

����

����1��ץ�ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼

�������ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿ï¿½ñ§ï°ê±ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡£ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âº­ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²î¿ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£

����2����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½

�����ú±ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ê¶ï¿½ö½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½óªï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ö½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡¢ï¿½ù¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµêµï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½

����3����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½

�������ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð·á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êºï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ò¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¶ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á´©ï¿½ë½ï¿½ñ§ê¼ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½üºí¸ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¹ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¾³ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ô¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï»°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµèµè¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¿ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµä¾ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

小学语文说课稿人教版篇三

大家好,我今天讲的课文是《风娃娃》

《风娃娃》是小学语文二年级上册的一篇课文,课文以小学生喜爱的故事形式出现,通过风娃娃既乖得可爱,又“傻”得可爱,生动形象地向学生介绍了“风为人们带来的好处和坏处,让学生懂得光有好的愿望不行,还要看是不是对别人有用”的道理。本课时的学习,在课堂上充分加强学生的语文实践活动,通过读读、画画、说说、写写的方式让学生自己尝试学习、发现,再相机进行引导。同时根据文章第二自然段的语段特点,让学生感知句子连接的特点,并尝试迁移。

根据文本特点及孩子的学情,制定以下教学目标:

1、 运用已有的识字方法识记“抽、续、吸、极”等12个,准确书写“表、夫”“吸、极”两组字。通过看图理解、联系上下文等方法理解“断断续续、纤夫、慢慢转动”等词语。

2、 通过角色体验、想象画面等方式读好课文的1、2、3自然段,感受风娃娃做了好事后的开心、自豪。

3、 通过多种形式的朗读,初步感受第2、3段句子连接的特点。

学习重点:学习生字词,理解词义;读好课文,感受句子连接的特点。

师:小朋友坐得真有精神,老师奖励大家来猜个谜语:抓不住它的身子,看不见它的影子,小时摇动树枝,大了推动房子。

瞧,风娃娃来了,大大的眼睛,胖乎乎的脸蛋,多可爱呀!

怎么样的风娃娃?

师小结:是呀,风娃娃很可爱,常常做好事,风娃娃也很淘气,会做一些傻事,看看今天我们学的课文《风娃娃》是怎么来描写这个可爱又带点傻气的风娃娃的。

板书,亲切地叫一声。

(本环节的设置意在用激励性的语言激发孩子的学习兴趣。)

师:自由轻轻地读课文,把课文读通顺,不会读的字请底下的“小

树叶”帮忙。

课文读过了,这些词语你会读吗?

(1)抽水 表示 行驶 风筝——读准翘舌音

吸气 纤夫 流汗 责怪——通过画面了解纤夫

(2)慢慢转动 断断续续 无影无踪 伤心极了——多音字转

(3)整体感知课文内容。

师:风娃娃长大了,有一天妈妈对它说:“到田野里去吧,在那里,你可以帮人们做许多好事。”风娃娃都做了哪些事?请你到课文中依次地去找一找。

(通过指名读,开火车认读这两种方式快速地检查同学们对字词的掌握情况。将几个容易出错的,重点的字,进行强调。如:动作帮助理解慢慢转动“转”这个多音字的意思,画面了解“纤夫”,把词语放入句子中读,由点到面进行训练)

1、学习课文第二自然段。

师:我们来学习课文第二自然段,看看风娃娃做的第一件好事。

出示第一句,指名读。

师:看,风娃娃看见这儿的水,一会有,一会儿(没有)课文里用了个什么词来表示?(断断续续)指导感情朗读

师:水为什么会流得断断续续的——大风车慢慢转动。讲述:这是风力水车,借助风的力量转动水车,这架大风车转得快,水就流得快,大风车转得慢,水就流得慢。现在谁断断续续的,禾苗喝不足水,耷拉着脑袋,多么需要风娃娃来帮忙啊!风娃娃看见了,心情怎么样?它是怎么做的。

出示第二句,指名读。哪些词让我们感受到风娃娃很卖力。指导朗读。

谁来读剩下的句子。

师:在风娃娃的帮助下,本来转得很慢的风车一下子-----转得飞快!原来抽上来的水断断续续地流着,现在------奔跑着,向田野流去。小秧苗喝足了水,正感谢风娃娃呢!风娃娃是什么心情啊?(高兴、开心、欣慰)那你能带着这些感情读一读吗?(指名读,齐读。)

2、(出示这段话)小结学法:

课文是怎样把风娃娃做的第一件好事一步一步写清楚的?这段话先写风娃娃来到什么地方看见了什么,接着写它怎么做,最后写结果怎样,(带着孩子一起划一划)写得多清楚啊!

(在这节课的教法设计当中,第二段是重点指导,重点学习的段落。我设计了几个层次的朗读,来帮助学生体会字理行间所表露的感情。像通过老师叙说帮助学生理解重点词语“断断续续”,学着风娃娃的样子做动作读句子,通过画面感受使学生准确体会风娃娃的心情。整个过程用朗读贯穿始终,层层递进,将这一段学精,读透,能保证学生们下面的自学顺利的进行。)

3、我们来看看风娃娃做的第二件好事,迁移学习第三自然段。

师:风娃娃又来到了哪里,他看见了什么?怎么做的?结果怎样

用横线划出写风娃娃来到哪里,看见了什么的句子。

用波浪线划出写风娃娃怎么做的句子。

用括号把结果怎样的句子括起来。

指导朗读:他们弯着腰,流着汗,喊着号子,船却走得很慢。

理解号子:纤夫们弯着腰,流着汗,拉着纤绳,不由自主地发出了怎样的声音。

指导朗读

同桌合作读

(第三段和第二段有着相同的结构,句子排列,感情变化。所以,这一段的学习就相对简单,处于半扶半放的状态了。只是通过观察图片体会纤夫们拉船的辛苦,及需要人帮助的心理,以此衬托风娃娃们在听到感谢后极其高兴的心情。)

3、设悬:风娃娃帮助人们做了好事,得到了赞扬,心里不仅高兴甚至还有些得意了呢!你听听他的心里话:帮助人么做好事真容易,只要有力气就行。这是这样的吗?我们下节课再来学。

1、夫 表 (写好上下结构的字,前者注意撇捺的舒展,后者注意三横紧凑,上紧下松)

师范写,生练写,反馈

2、吸 极(写好左右结构的字,注意左窄右宽,笔画的穿插)

板书设计:

风娃娃

好事 傻事

吹动风车 吹翻风筝

吹动船帆 吹跑衣服

吹断小树

小学语文说课稿人教版篇四

������òºã£ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ì½²ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¡ï¿½

����

�����������þ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¼è¹ôµã¿é°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿é°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºã´ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¹ï¿½ï¿½ðºãµï¿½ô¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï³ï¿½ö¼ï¿½ç¿ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ð´ð´ï¿½ä·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¨ï¿½æ¡ï¿½

����

���������ä±ï¿½ï¿½øµã¼°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ñ§ï¿½é£¬ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£º

����1�� �������ðµï¿½ê¶ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½é¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½12����׼è·ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡±¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµè·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡°ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£

����2�� í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½1��2��3��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºï¿½ï¿½âºï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����3�� í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½2��3�î¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£

����ñ§ï°ï¿½øµã£ºñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;���ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£

����

����

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£º×¥ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½ó£ï¿½ð¡ê±ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½

�����æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é°ï¿½ñ½!

������ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

����ê¦ð¡ï¿½á£ºï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þºü¿é°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©éµï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é°ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þµä¡ï¿½

�������飬���ðµø½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����(�����úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½)

����

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ñ¿ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½í¨ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµä¡ï¿½ð¡

������ò¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¦ï¿½ï¿½

�������ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

����(1)ï¿½ï¿½ë® ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ ï¿½ï¿½ê» ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������� �ë·ï¿½ ���� ��ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ë·ï¿½

����(2)����ת�� �ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��ó°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ª

����(3)�����öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½?���㵽���������îµï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ò¡ï¿½

����(í¨ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ùµø¼ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ö´êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½â¡°ï¿½ë·ï¿½,�ñ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµãµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½)

����

����1��ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ä£¬ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(ã»ï¿½ï¿½)���������ë¸ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾?(�ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ë®îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü´ï¿½ç³µ×ªï¿½ã¿ì£¬ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ç³µ×ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë­ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¦ï¿½ï¿½!�����þ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½?������ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ë­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½âµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þµä°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ç³µò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½-----ת�ã·é¿ï¿½!ô­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½------�����å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!��������ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é°¡?(���ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¿)�����ü´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?(ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)

����2��(��ê¾ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½)ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

���������������ñ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?��î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(���åºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½)ð´ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!

����(����ú¿îµä½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ä¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡°ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½å·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½á´©ê¼ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü±ï¿½ö¤ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½)

����3���������������������äµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ç¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´?��ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?�������

�����ãºï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½

�����ã²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½

���������å°ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ßµãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����������ó£ï¿½ï¿½ë·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½

����í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����(�����îºíµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½îµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼òµ¥£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½×´ì¬ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ë°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ë³ï¿½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£)

����3�������������þ°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!�������������ﻰ��������ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×£ï¿½ö»òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?�����â½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½

����

����1���� �� (ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½æ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2���� ��(ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ­ï¿½ò¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê»ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)

�����������:

����������

�������� éµï¿½ï¿½

���������糵 ��������

������������ �����â·ï¿½

��������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½

小学语文说课稿人教版篇五

《我的舞台》是人教版六年级上册第八组课文的一篇略读课文。本组课文要求学生能体会课文表达的感情,欣赏各种艺术形式的没,培养热爱艺术的情操,还要学习作者展开联想和想象进行表达的方法。

《我的舞台》以“我”的成长为线索,围绕舞台对我有着神奇的吸引力,叙述了我在艺术和生活舞台上成长的故事,反应了在艺术和生活的舞台上,勇气和毅力让人走向成功的道理,同时含蓄地阐述了老实做人,认真演戏的道理。本课语言风趣而又充满童趣,描写细致而又生动,虽然要体现的是艰辛,而笔下却出处流露着乐观。

六年级的学生已经具有较强的独立识字能力,能够初步把握文章的主要内容,并且能体会文中关键此举在表达情意方面的作用。他们对艺术已经有初步的认识,但是感悟还不够深切透彻。根据小学语文课标要求及学生学情,制定了以下教学目标:

1.认识理解“扌周、抻、拽、溺爱、身段、兴趣盎然”等生字词。

2.用比较快的速度读懂课文,感受“舞台对我有着神奇的吸引力”,体会作者学艺的艰辛以及不一般的勇气和毅力。

3.感受戏剧表演的神奇魅力。

现在的学生对戏曲艺术了解甚少,对学习戏曲过程中所要付出的艰辛也难以理解,所以,我制定了以下教学重难点。

1.引导学生感悟戏剧表演的神奇魅力。

2.体会在艺术之路上,人们所付出的心血和汗水,以及不一般的勇气和毅力。

由于本篇为略读课文,并且文章内容条理清楚,学生容易把握,所以我安排了一课时来完成本篇课文的讲授。

我据文络清晰这一特点,紧紧抓住了文章总领全文和总结全文的两句话,提纲挈领的牵动全文的学习,这样有助于为文章内容的展开做了铺垫。围绕总起句“舞台对我有着神奇的吸引力”理清文章思路,了解文章主要写了哪几件事,从整体上把握了课文的内容。然后再慢慢深入课文,分析重点句子。以总结句“舞台如一炉火,炼就了我的勇气和毅力”为突破口,让学生体会作者在艺术道路上所付出的艰辛和努力。紧扣题眼,感悟舞台,层层展开,将文章的思路、教师的教路和学生的学路有机地融合在一起,让学生主动、愉快的参与学习,掌握知识,形成能力。通过本课,我要教给学生将文章读短,再读长的学习方法,培养学生的阅读能力,融会贯通,起到举一反三的效果。

(一)导入新课

1、齐读课题。

2、在你们的眼中“舞台”是什么?学生自由发言。(舞台是专拱演员表演的台子。)

3、《我的舞台》这篇课文讲述了“我”学戏的故事,我们一起来看看,作者心中的舞台是什么呢?

(二)、初学课文,了解课文层次。

1、文章是围绕哪句话写的?用横线划出(舞台对我有着神奇的吸引力)。

2、默读课文,边读边思考:文章围绕着“舞台对我有着神奇的吸引力”写了那几件事?概括地说一说。

学生汇报,教师汇总。

共五件事:

a、还没出生时,把娘胎当舞台,在肚子里“登台唱戏”“大闹天宫”。

b、刚会走路时,把小床当舞台,模仿母亲“演戏”。

c、随母亲演出时,每场必到舞台,察言观色,学形记词。

d、六岁的时候,把练功毯当舞台,拜师学艺,署去寒来,刻苦练习。

e、学艺几年后,把客厅当舞台,给家里做客的客人开“个人晚会”。

再次读课文,从课文中找出与这五件事

相对应的段落。分别读一读并思考:在这件事中作者把什么当作舞台了?

学生汇报,教师相机板书:娘胎、小床、院子、客厅。

(三)、精学课文。

根据自学要求,进行自学。

自学要求:默读课文思考,这五件事中的哪些具体描写体现出了“舞台对我有着神奇的吸引力”?用横线划出句子。

教师根据学生的回答,相机交流以下句子:

1、爷爷、奶奶还有小花猫,都是我的观众。“演出”中途,哪位观众要离开“剧场”,都会引起我的不满。一次,小花猫看得兴起,竟蹿上了床。我为赶它“下台”,脚下没留神,一个倒栽葱,摔下床来,直摔得我眼冒金星,半天没缓过劲儿来。

“我”的观众无处不在,就连小花猫也成了“我”的观众。

一个“蹿”字生动地写出了小花猫的可爱,而对“我”的描写更是充满了童趣,一个活泼可爱、热爱艺术的孩童的形象,活生生地出现在我们面前,使人忍俊不禁。

2、无论多忙远的剧场,无论演出到多晚,我是场场必到,直至演出结束。每次演出,我一定到台上去看,即使被挤在厚厚的幕布里,憋闷得满头是汗,也兴味盎然。

怪不得母亲的学生忘词的时候,会向“我”请教。不难看出,“我”的成功离不开艺术的熏陶,母亲对艺术的执着和热爱深深地影响了“我”,小小的心灵里埋下了艺术的种子。

3、六岁的小女孩柔弱的身体成了黑脸大汉手中的一块生面团,翻过来、周过去、立起来、横过去,抻、拉、压、拽,为所欲为,奶奶看不过我被整得满脸的泪水和汗水,每次都目不忍视地躲到里屋。

作者抓住了几个动词,写出了“我”学艺的艰辛。也让我们深刻地体会到了“我”这个被宠坏的小公主的勇气和毅力,以及“我”对艺术的执着追求。

俗话说“台上一分钟,台下十年功”,“我”的成功除了家庭的熏陶,更离不开“我”常年不懈的努力。署去寒来,几年后,“我”打下了坚实的基本功。齐读课文的第八自然段。

在这短短的几年时间内,作者能打下坚实的基本功凭借的是什么?(勇气和毅力)

看来在“艺术和生活”的舞台上,勇气和毅力让我走向了成功。

(四)、总结全文。

正是在家庭的熏陶、母亲对艺术孜孜不倦的追求影响以及自己在艺术与生活的舞台上练就的勇气与毅力之下,“我”走向了成功。让我们看看成功的吴霜。

课件展示,介绍吴霜。

吴霜小时候就被称为“天才儿童”,现今又被人们称之为“金城才女”,这都得益于她心中有一块神圣的舞台,这块舞台就是“她”在艺术和生活舞台上成长的艰辛历程。(相机完成板书)

(五)、课外拓展。

生活就是一个大舞台,每个人都在扮演着不同的角色,扮演的角色不同,所展示自己的舞台也不同。作为你们,心中一定也有一个美好的愿望,为了实现你的愿望,在你的舞台上,你准备怎样去奋斗呢?

学生汇报交流。

(六)、布置作业。

1、把自己阅读本文后的感受写在积累本上。

2、写一写自己在学习成长之路上得到的锻炼和收获。

课外收集艺术家们的艰辛成长故事。

小学语文说课稿人教版篇六

�������òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï²ï¿½ú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ò»æªï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ä³é³ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï³é³ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¹ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¸ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¹û¡ï¿½

�������꼶��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ë¾ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ò»¹²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿î±ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½é£¬ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£º

����1����ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½×§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ê¡ï¿½

����2���ã±è½ï¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶è¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½õµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����3������ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������úµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã¡£

����1������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2�����������ö®â·ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñªï¿½íºï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������ú±ï¿½æªîªï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×°ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é±ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½

�����ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½è«ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½äµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµæ¡£î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡°ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ä¡°ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ò»â¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªí»ï¿½æ¿ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ä½ï¿½â·ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§â·ï¿½ð»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ì¸ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµ½¾ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿ï¿½

��������������⡣

�������������çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é·ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½×¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµï¿½ì¨ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����������òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ñ§ï·ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ø£ï¿½

��������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½î¡ï¿½

��������������î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ä»°ð´ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

��������ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½

����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½

����������â£ï¿½

����������ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡°ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¹¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����â¡ï¿½ï¿½õ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â·ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý³ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¹ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î¼ç´ê¡ï¿½

�����ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ò£¬°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ñ§ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½

�����å¡ï¿½ñ§ï¿½õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬°ñ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¡±ï¿½ï¿½

�����ù´î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ó¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������ó¦ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ä¡£ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß°ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ë£ï¿½

����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ºï¿½ï¿½ì¥ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

��������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

����������ñ§òªï¿½ó£¬½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½

������ñ§òªï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö³ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½

������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ø´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¾ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½

����1��ò¯ò¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ã¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ë¿ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î£ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ã¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¬¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ð£ï¿½ë¤ï¿½â´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ë¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ã¨ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½

����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ã¨ï¿½ä¿é°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯è¤ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿é°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2�����û¶ï¿½ã¦ô¶ï¿½ä¾ç³¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½çºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½

�����ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½×µï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê±ï¿½ò£¬»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ä³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ë²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¬ï¿½õ£ï¿½ä¸ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½

����3�������ð¡å®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¹ï¿½ï¿½×§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½íºï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½î¶ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµø¶ãµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½

��������ץס�ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ñ§ï¿½õµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»µï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½×·ï¿½ï¿½

�����׻�ëµï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ê¹¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ä³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½í¥ï¿½ï¿½ñ¬ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²»ð¸ï¿½ï¿½å¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½êµï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµäµú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î¡ï¿½

��������ì¶ìµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü´ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½êµï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

���������ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½è«ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

���������ú¼ï¿½í¥ï¿½ï¿½ñ¬ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ä¸ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×·ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëªï¿½ï¿½

�����î¼ï¿½õ¹ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëªï¿½ï¿½

������ëªð¡ê±ï¿½ï¿½í±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ö®îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½å®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï³é³ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é°ï¿½ï¿½é£©

�������壩��������õ¹ï¿½ï¿½

�����������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµä½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ê¾ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ò²ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ô¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ü¶ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½

����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������������������òµï¿½ï¿½

�����������ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½û±ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½

��������ð´ò»ð´ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½é³ï¿½ö®â·ï¿½ïµãµï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ»ï¿½

���������õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½

小学语文说课稿人教版篇七

《城南旧事》的特点:每一章节表面上几乎都没有紧凑的情节,但在一个不过七、八岁的小女孩眼中看到的小世界,后面却是一个悲惨的大世界。整篇小说作者曾未逾越这个孩子有限的观察,她的天地几乎局限在五十年前北平城的城南一个四合院里。全文从一个孩子的视角出发,语言特色鲜明。

选编《窃读记》课文的原因是:本组教材以“我爱阅读”为专题进行编排,选编的课文内容丰富,形式多样,都紧密围绕着阅读。教材的安排上,目的是要引导学生把握住要内容,体会作者对书的深厚感情,在阅读中能够结合学习和生活实际,习得一些读书和习作的方法,让学生明白阅读的重要意义,从而激起阅读的兴趣,逐步养成阅读的习惯。

《窃读记》:生动细致地刻画台湾作家林海音小时候窃读的心理和乐趣,表达对读书的热爱。课文以“窃读” 为线索,以放学后急匆匆地赶到书店,到晚上依依不舍离开的时间顺序和藏身于众多顾客、借雨天读书两个场景的插入,细腻生动地描绘了“窃读”的独特感受与复杂滋味,表现了“我”对读书的热爱和对知识的渴望。

作者善于通过自语式的独白描绘心境,表达自己的感情,在“窃读”这种氛围中,一方面享受阅读的快乐,一方面还要时刻关注周围的环境,非常形象生动地表现了“我”的心情变化,使人如历其境。

此外,作者还善于用细致入微的动作描写来表达自己的感情。通过一系列的动作描写,写出了书店的顾客之多,更表现了“我”对读书的如饥似渴。

学生与这篇文本之间存在在一定的距离感,包括时间的距离和空间的距离,学生很难理解那时作者所处的年代特点以及她所生活的环境特色。这些都是要在教学的过程中去渗透的。这篇文章对于学生来说能读懂她的主要内容不难,难在领悟和模仿她借助语言文字的特殊表达方式所营造的情感及画面效果。这是学生需要提升的部分。另外,由于学生们大多数家庭的文化素养不高,家中没有较多的藏书,所以没有多少课外阅读量,语言积累和语言感受力相对就比较缺乏。所以通过这节课的共同学习,希望学生能够感受到语言的魅力,对读书或者某一本书产生阅读兴趣。

1、通过圈划描写心理活动、动作的语句,初步感受作者的写作特色,揣摩出人物思想情感变化,并能试着仿写句子。

2、通过朗读、圈划和讨论等方法,体味窃读的滋味。

重点:圈划并有感情的朗读窃读时心理、动作描写的语句,了解作者写法上自语式的独白等特点,从而体味窃读的滋味。

难点:揣摩人物情感变化。

1、朗读法:每一篇文章都有其独特的意蕴,只有反复朗读,才能领会其中深刻而丰富的思想内涵,在教学中我要求学生带问题细读、散读、默读、让学生感悟作者平实、自然、柔美的风格。

2、情境设置法:在本节课上,充分利用课件展示创设情境,使学生很自然的融入到课文的意境中去,思想产生共鸣。

3、自主合作:引导学生充分发挥集体的智慧,自主学习、合作探究,共同分享合作的乐趣,感受成功的喜悦。

4、多元评价法:在整个教学环节中采用学生自我评价、学生相互评价和师随机评价等方法让学生有主动学习的热情和自我思考的空间,达成读说等方面的增量。

强调学生自己的感受

教材的编排也体现了这种理念,如课文练习的设计,强调学生自己的感受。如“课文中有很多地方写出了我如饥似渴地读书,抄写这样的句子,并说说感受”,这样的例子比比皆是。我们关注课标,会发现多处带有“自己”这个词的表述,例如:拓展自己的视野、有自己的心得、提出自己的看法和疑问、作出自己的评价、说出自己的体验、通过自己的思考、提高自己的欣赏品味和审美情趣、搜集自己需要的信息和资料等。

1、勾画圈点法:让学生勤动笔墨,“心到、手到”,积极读书,抓住文中描写的细节重点。

2、朗读法:指导学生各种形式的朗读,从中体会课文所蕴含的思想感情。

3、合作探究法:引导学生积极参与,合作探究。

(一)导入

教师出示《城南旧事》这本书,简单介绍作者的生平然后老师用排比的方式,诗意的介绍这本书的主要内容比如:在这本书中有小英子眼中:街道上留下的骆驼队的身影,有她耳中四合院里传来的伙伴的嬉戏声,也有……。同时,课件随即播放作者书中描述的老北京的场景,包括街道,骆驼队,四合院,书店等。

接着导入本文的学习,老师这样描述:今天,让我们一起跨越时空,走进其中的一篇《窃读记》,随小时候的林海音一起走进书店,去感受她的窃读滋味。

导入设计的想法在于【语文学习要尊重作品本身,阅读的过程首先是一个还原的过程,所以有必要拉近学生与文本的距离,与作者及文中所提到的环境的距离】

(二)进入课文的赏学

赏学设计思路主要从两个方面入手,一是知道写了什么?真切感受作者笔下窃读的场景。二是让学生了解文本是怎么写?也就是语言表达的特点。感受到作者窃读的复杂的情感体验。从这两个方面入手提升学生的理解概括能力,同时也丰富学生的语言表达方式。

环节一:学生带着三个问题,初读课文,畅谈感受

①文章主要写了一件什么事?

②读了课文,你有什么感受?

③根据自己的理解解读课题的意思。

环节二:分三步汇报学情

第一步:指名说说课文的主要内容

老师对学生的回答做点评,小结。

第二步:让学生说说自己初读的感受

文中的小英子特别喜欢读书

小英子买不起书,所以每次去书店看书都是偷偷摸摸的,心里很害怕等。教师不做过多的点评,以学生的理解为主。

让学生带着自己的感受读印象最深或者自己最喜欢的部分。要求读准字音,读通句子,最好能带上自己的感受。随即解决字词的读音问题,其中包括:读正确“窃读、炒菜、锅勺、踮起脚、饥饿、惧怕、充足、屋檐、一碗、真酸、支撑、书柜、哎哟”等词的读音。

第三步:说说自己对这个课题的初步理解。

①明确“窃”字在这里的意思

②老师借机过度:窃读是一种怎样的滋味?

环节三:抓住这个问题让学生联系自己的生活实际说说自己在什么样的情况下有与“窃读”类似的感受?用自己的话具体描述一下当时的情况

【这一环节目的为了下面学习作者的写法做铺垫,同时也体现从孩子的角度增强课堂的趣味性让孩子们与同龄人林海音之间的内心世界的感受走的更近。】

给学生时间思考后指名回答,老师从学生的语言组织入手进行评价。比如:你用了一个xx词来让我们感受到了你的胆怯。你的恐惧我们从xx这个句子中就感受到了,那么作者在文章中是怎么样把这窃读的感觉写具体的呢?

环节四:引导学生学习课文2-7自然段,进行文本细读。用横线或圆圈划出体现文中的我窃读滋味的句子。

学生再次默读课文后交流,根据学生的回答教师课件出示课文2-7自然段中体现文中的我窃读滋味的句子。

环节五:抓重点句分层次进行四人小组合作学习

【新课标指出:学生是学习和发展的主体。语文课程必须根据学生身心发展和语文学习的特点,关注学生的个体差异和不同的学习需求,爱护学生的好奇心、求知欲,充分激发学生的主动意识和进取精神,倡导自主、合作、探究的学习方式。】

第一次合作:初步感受作者注重心理独白和动作描写的方法

课件出示合作要求:请各位同学 做到“心到、手到”的积极读书,并在句子中圈出最能体现窃读的感觉的字词,然后在小组内交流自己对所划出的字词的理解。接着学生开始第一次小组合作学习。

写下来就组织学生开始汇报第一次合作情况,根据学生的交流,解决课文中的重点词、句的理解,同时通过学生谈自己的理解,引导学生归纳文章的写作方法上的特点

生:我从放学后“急匆匆地赶”,“跨进店门,踮起脚尖,从大人腋下钻过去”,“总算挤到里边来了”,“急切地寻找”,都说明了她特别想读到这本书。能读到自己这么喜欢的书,当然是快乐的。我在读到自己盼望已久的书时,就特别快乐。

师:你从作者的这些动作中体会到窃读是快乐的很好!。随机板书:细致入微的动作描写接着提问:窃读的滋味还有哪些?

生:我觉得这种窃读的滋味并不好受,因为她还一直提心吊胆。你看,她要把自己隐藏起来,贴在一个大人身边,假装是他的小妹妹或小女儿。万一那个人很烦,该多尴尬呀!还要察颜观色,一本书要到几家书店才读完。

生:我有时还要装着皱起眉头,不时望着街心,好像说:“这雨,害得我回不去了。”其实,我的心里却高兴地喊着:“大些!再大些!”

生:还有,虽然下雨天能有个充足的理由在书店待下去,可她也不能专心读书,还要装着皱起眉头,不时望着街心。多累呀!

师小结:是啊,这些句子作者通过对发愁的表情和快乐的内心对比描写出了自己又忧又惧的感受,师随机板书:自语式的独白。是啊,这种窃读的滋味真是叫人既爱又恨。

生: “我”渴望读书,而又无力购买,因此只好“窃读”。但所谓“窃”,也无非是只读不买。“我”在阅读中感受着书籍所带来的智慧与快乐,却时刻害怕被店员或老板发现受到训斥和驱赶,这种书中世界的吸引与沉迷,书外世界的担忧与紧张,使快乐与惧怕交织在一起,形成一种复杂的、难以言说的感受,正是窃读的滋味。我很快乐,也很惧怕——这种窃读的滋味!

师:你找到了文章的中心句,这句话集中概括了窃读的百般感受,也是作者情感的集中体现。是板书:快乐 惧怕

【以上为第一次合作设计,接下来在学生自主感悟,师生对话,交流的基础上再组织开展第二次合作:目的在于让学生自由朗读,努力为学生创设他们自己对文本的独特理解的展示平台。】

课件出示合作要求:在小组中有感情的读好自己喜欢的句子,将自己对这个句子的理解体现在朗读中,其他同学负责评价他的朗读。

学生开始第二次合作

完成后汇报第二次合作的情况

指名读教师进行朗读指导,运用的朗读指导方法:让学生自我评价、学生相互评价和师随机范读等。

【新课标在教学建议中指出:阅读是学生的个性化行为,不应以教师的分析来代替学生的阅读实践。应让学生在主动积极的思维和情感活动中,加深理解和体验,有所感悟和思考,受到情感熏陶,获得思想启迪,享受审美乐趣。要珍视学生独特的感受、体验和理解。阅读教学的重点是培养学生具有感受、理解、欣赏和评价的能力。】

合作环节结束后,学生对文中的语言文字有了深入的了解,接下来就进行仿写的环节。

环节六:学生进行语段仿写

第一步:教师出示文中的从动作,到心里,到运用修辞手法的典型的句子,让学生选择其中的一句结合自己童年的具体事情中的感受仿写,有能力的可以仿写多句。

第二步:学生进行5分钟左右的仿写教师随机开展个别辅导。

第三步:学生仿写完成后教师组织交流,指名有感情的读出自己的文字。并说说自己写的好在哪里?再或请其他同学评价一下他的句子好在哪里?

【新课标指出:第三学段阅读的新要求:揣摩文章的表达方法,初步领悟文章基本的表达方法。主要解决“怎样写”。这是第三学段的新要求,要在教学中引起重视。】

环节七:最后回归文本,再次整体回顾2-7自然段,感受作者语言的魅力,体会他那种既快乐有恐惧的独特窃读感受。配乐朗读2-7自然段

小学语文说课稿人教版篇八

����

���������ï¾ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£ºã¿ò»ï¿½â½ú±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ð½ï¿½ï¿½õµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡å®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡£ï¿½ï¿½æªð¡ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î´ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þµä¹û²ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½çµä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ôºï¿½ï¡£è«ï¿½ä´ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ó½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ñ¡ï¿½à¡¶ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ô­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îª×¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý·á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²äµä°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¡òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê£ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½

����

�������ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½âµø¿ì»ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ó¼±´ò´òµø¸ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ªï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½í²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ë¿í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ø¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������������í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½î§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ»¹òªê±ï¿½ì¹ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½î§ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾³ï¿½ï¿½

�������⣬���߻�������ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¢ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½é¡£í¨ï¿½ï¿½ò»ïµï¿½ðµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ë¿ï¿½ö®ï¿½à£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼¢ï¿½æ¿ê¡ï¿½

����

����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ä±ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿õ¼ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ü¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý²ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·½ê½ï¿½ï¿½óªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ð½ï¶ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô»ï¿½ï¿½ûºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾í±è½ï¿½è±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµä¹ï¿½í¬ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä³ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½

����

����1��í¨ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å·ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½

����2��í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµè·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½

�����øµã£ºè¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½×µï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½

�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ä¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½

����

����1���ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ö»ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¶ï¿½ï¿½á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½

����2���龳���ã·ï¿½:�ú±ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿î¼ï¿½õ¹ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½â¾³ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����3����������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ã¡ï¿½

����4����ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµè·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿õ¼ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½é¶ï¿½ëµï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����

����ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����ì²äµä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ç¡°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºü¶ï¿½ø·ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼¢ï¿½æ¿êµø¶ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±è±è½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹ï¿½×¢ï¿½î±ê£¬ï¿½á·¢ï¿½ö¶à´¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ºï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡¢í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¼ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµè¡ï¿½

����

����1������è¦ï¿½ã·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£

����2���ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£

����3������ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����

������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¾ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½â±¾ï¿½é£¬ï¿½òµ¥½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å±èµä·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â±¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý±ï¿½ï¿½ç£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â±¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ó¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¶óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ôºï¿½ï´«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½æ¼´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¶ó£ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½

�������åµï¿½ï¿½ë±¾ï¿½äµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ê±ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ß½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£¬è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½

����������æµï¿½ï¿½ë·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô­ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ë¡¿

����������������äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§

������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ð´ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ò²ï¿½á¸»ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï·½ê½ï¿½ï¿½

����

��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������������òªð´ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½â£ï¿½

�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½

�����û¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½

�������ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±¨ñ§ï¿½ï¿½

������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ø´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½á¡£

�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����

�������ðµï¿½ð¡ó¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ð¡ó¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ê¿´ï¿½é¶¼ï¿½ï¿½íµíµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üºï¿½ï¿½âµè¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ü¶ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½æ¼´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´êµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ò»ï¿½ë¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¡¢ö§ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡¢°ï¿½ó´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´êµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������������ëµëµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£

��������è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼

��������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½

������������ץס���������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡°ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµä¸ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½âµï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµæ£¬í¬ê±ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´óºï¿½ï¿½óµä½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½è¤î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½xx���������ç¸ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ö¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½xx��������ð¾í¸ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ð¾ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½

���������ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2-7��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ô²è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½

����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù´ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ø´ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2-7��è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½

���������壺ץ�øµï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½î½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°

�������â¿î±ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½í·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿î³ì±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½×¢ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½í½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£¬³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ò»ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ºí¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»í¬ñ§ �������äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ê£ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½

����ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼ï¿½ã±¨ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬í¬ê±í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½

����

���������ò´ó·ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ó¡°¼ï¿½ï¿½ò´òµø¸ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¼â£¬ï¿½ó´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ñ°ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â±¾ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ü¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½öµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½öµäºüºã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ºï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¢ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½

���������ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ð¡å®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ëºü·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¶ï¿½ï¿½ê¡£

������������ê±ï¿½ï¿½òª×°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ø²ï¿½è¥ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµøºï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù´ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����������ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¨ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½òª×°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½

����ê¦ð¡ï¿½á£ºï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¾ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼è°ï¿½ï¿½öºþ¡ï¿½

�������� ���ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½þ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡£¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¼®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½è´ê±ï¿½ìºï¿½ï¿½â±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°å·¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ò»ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½óµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òºü¿ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ò²ï¿½ü¾ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ä»°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ä°ù°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½é£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����

����������îªï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¬ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ê¾æ½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������éºï¿½ã±¨ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½

�������â¿î±ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ô½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»î¶¯ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¬ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµä¸ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����������ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ð´ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½

������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î·ï¿½ð´

������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä´ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ´ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½íµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¸ï¿½ï¿½ü·ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ä¡£

�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5�������òµä·ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸¨µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½éºï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ð´ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¿ï¿½ù»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½óºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¿

�������â¿î±ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ó£º´ï¿½ä¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµä±ï¿½ï¿½ï·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

���������ߣ����ø¹ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¹ï¿½2-7��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¼è¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¿ö¾ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½2-7��è»ï¿½ï¿½

小学语文说课稿人教版篇九

一、教材简析

《这儿真好》是义务教育课程标准实验教材语文一年级(下册)中的一篇课文。这是一篇发人深思、情境性很强的童话故事,描写了居住荒岛的小熊感到孤单,寻找朋友,在天上云朵的启示下营造树林,终于迎来许多朋友的故事,生动地表现了必须创造美好的生态环境、建设可爱的绿色家园的思想感情。告诉我们改善环境、保护环境的重要性。课文共6个自然段,可分为三段。

第一段(第1自然段)写小熊住在荒岛上很孤单。

第二段(第2、3自然段)写小熊向云儿请教后,开始在岛上种树。

第三段(第4~6自然段)写小熊找到了朋友。

二、教学目标

根据《语文课程标准》,教材及学段要求和学生认知特点,第二教时的教学目标为:

⒈能正确、流利、有感情地朗读课文。

⒉了解小熊是怎样找到朋友的,知道“这儿”好在哪里。使学生懂得创造美好的生态环境、建设可爱的绿色家园的重要。

⒊学会7个生字,绿线内的字只识不写,理解由生字组成的词语;认识两个偏旁部首。

教学重点:

⒈读书感悟小熊是怎样找到朋友的,知道“这儿”好在哪里。

⒉写好“象”、“空”二字。

教学难点:让学生通过读书感悟到找朋友和种树之间的联系,明白保护环境的重要性。

一、情境教学法

借助现代化的教学手段,用画面再现情境,用音乐渲染情境,用语言描绘情境,使学生入情入境,由境生情。这种教学方法尤其适宜运用在低年级教学中。一方面,低年级儿童形象思维占有明显优势,用此方法,让儿童从感觉形象入手,以情激情,符合学生的年龄特点。另一方面,《语文新课程标准》指出:学生是语文学习的主人。语文教学应激发学生的学习兴趣,注重培养学生自主学习的意识和习惯,为学生创设良好的自主学习情境。根据低年级学生的认知规律及教材充满童趣这一特点,在教学中,教师创设了“小熊找朋友”、“小熊种树”、“小动物来做客”等学生乐于接受的、能享受其间的情境,激发学生的积极情绪和浓厚兴趣,营造鲜活的课堂氛围,让每个学生积极主动地参与到语文学习活动中,点燃思维的火花,开启心灵的智慧,感受成功的快乐。

二、朗读感悟法

阅读是学生个性化行为,不应以教师的分析来代替学生的阅读实践。《语文课程标准》指出:阅读教学要让学生充分地读,在读中感悟,培养语感,受到情感的熏陶。在本课教学中,教师灵活运用语言渲染,引导想象,媒体创设画面,表演等多种教学策略,鼓励学生读书、发现。教学中注重朗读训练的方式方法,如挑战读、比赛读、表演读等,不断激发学生情感,从学生阅读实际出发,在读中体会,读

中激情,读中感悟,在读中加深理解和体验并受到美的熏陶。

小学语文说课稿人教版篇十

����

����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����������ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ì±ï¿½×¼êµï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â²á£©ï¿½ðµï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ôºï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ë¾ï¿½×¡ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ü¸ðµï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½óªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµä¹ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ë´´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½6����è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½é·ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

������ò»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ð´ð¡ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ú»äµï¿½ï¿½ïºü¹âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2��3��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ð´ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìºó£¬¿ï¿½ê¼ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

���������î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4��6��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ð´ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½

����������ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½

�������ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä¼ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½

����������è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

�������ë½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµä£ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½

������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½7�����ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï£»ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ«ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½

������ñ§ï¿½øµã£º

�������������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµä£ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£

������ð´ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ó¡±¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½

������ñ§ï¿½ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ô¡ï¿½

����

����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½

���������ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ö¶î£ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¾ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ã´ë·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ó¸ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¼¤ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½:ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß£ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¼ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯è¤ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½üµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½óªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê»ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ã·ï¿½î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø²ï¿½ï¿½ëµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¼ë¼î¬ï¿½ä»ð»¨£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½

���������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ô½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ñ¬ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½å´´ï¿½è»­ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµè¶ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¶ï¿½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½êµï¿½ê³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½

�����ð¼ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é²¢ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¬ï¿½õ¡ï¿½

小学语文说课稿人教版篇十一

本课设计通过多种形式的读,让学生在读中感悟,在诵中生情,在吟入境,通过创设情景,营造氛围,使学生入情入境,充分展开想象,开拓学生的思维空间。

本课是唐代诗人贺知章描写春天的诗,诗中描写在春风吹拂下,柳树迷人的姿态,赞美了万物复苏、生机盎然的春天。“碧玉妆成一树高”写柳树的全貌,突出了柳树绿的特点。柳树枝叶翠绿,好像是用碧玉装扮起来一样。“万条垂下绿丝绦”写柳枝,突出了它们柔美而细长的特点。无数柳条如同一根根柔软的丝带,纷纷下垂。“不知细叶谁裁出”,写柳叶,突出它们细巧的特点。“谁裁出”是诗人对柳叶发出的赞叹。那一片片细小精致的新叶,是哪个心灵手巧的人剪裁出来的呢?“二月春风似剪刀”是对上一句的回答。原来是二月的春风,像剪刀一样,把这细巧的叶子裁剪出来的。这一问一答,是全诗的点睛之笔,使我们感到强烈的春天气息,抒发了作者赞美柳树、讴歌大自然的思想感情。

1、启发谈话:同学们,春天来了,自然界的景物会发生怎样的变化?(学生谈春天的景色)春天是温暖的,是充满生机的,是美好的。自古就有许多歌颂赞美春天的诗文,今天,我们学习的《咏柳》,就是唐代大诗人贺知章,通过描写柳树来赞美春天的诗。

2、解题:“咏”,歌颂、赞美。咏柳,赞美柳树。那么,诗人在诗中是怎样赞美柳树的呢?

1、教师范读,使学生整体感受,激起兴趣。

2、自己试读课文。借助拼音把字音读准,把每句话读通顺。

3、指导读课文,把课文读流畅。

1、自读诗歌前两行,提出自己不懂的词语,同学间互相解答,教师随机点拨,理解重点词语:碧玉、妆、万条、丝绦等。然后,教师指导学生说说诗的大意。指导朗读加深理解。

2、同样方法,使学生理解第三四行的重点词语,了解诗句的意思。

3、把两句诗的意思连起来,看着插图了解全诗描写的内容。

1、指名读,评议指导;教师范读,学生仿读。使学生读出诗的节奏,读出韵脚,读出感情。

2、看图练习背诵,好像是面对真实的情景作诗。可指名到讲台上看图背诵。

春天是美丽的,正因为如此古今中外有无数的人描写春天,赞美春天。这些人中有画家,音乐家,诗人等。大家回到家后收集一下有关的资料,当然也可以把你对春天的看法收集进去。我们来开展一次“春天”展示会。

小学语文说课稿人教版篇十二

����

�����������õ½ì°ï¿½ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµ¥ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¿é·ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½à¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½æ«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµä´ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í²ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä´ó²¿·ï¿½ï¿½ö´ê£ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡£

����

����öªê¶ï¿½ë¼¼ï¿½ï¿½:ñ§ï¿½á±¾ï¿½ï¿½9�����ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ò»ï¿½ï¿½æ«ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£

���������뷽���������ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½

�������ì¬ï¿½è¼ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½;�ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û´ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

����

����1���â¹ê¶ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½

�����ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ó¶ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£º"��"�í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹¹ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½æ«ï¿½ô²ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½'.

����2��í¨ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶

��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¼°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ«ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½î»õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½æ«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ì«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½û¾ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ïµï¿½èµè¡ï¿½

����3��õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½

����4����õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����ãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½×¼ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½

����5��ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´

�����������ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½öµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼¼ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ã¿ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ê±ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

小学语文说课稿人教版篇十三

�����������í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¾³ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½óªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î§ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½õ¼ä¡£

�����������æ´ï¿½ê«ï¿½ëºï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ú´ï¿½ï¿½ç´µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸´ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ì¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×±ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ã²ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ò¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×·ï¿½ï¿½â´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¸ò¶ë­ï¿½ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ë­ï¿½ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æ¬æ¬ï¸ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ä»ø´ï¿½ô­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½âµä´ï¿½ï¿½ç£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½éµï¿½ò¶ï¿½ó²ã¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ê«ï¿½äµã¾¦ö®ï¿½ê£ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ðµï¿½ç¿ï¿½òµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£

����1������ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,��è»ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á·¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¯ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ô¹å¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ó½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ëºï¿½öªï¿½â£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½

����2�����⣺��ó½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½

����1����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½

����2���ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ä»°ï¿½ï¿½í¨ë³ï¿½ï¿½

����3��ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ñ¿ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����1���ô¶ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬í¬ñ§ï¿½ä»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¬½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ðµè¡ï¿½è»ï¿½ó£¬½ï¿½ê¦ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµê«ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£

����2��í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ë½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½

����3��������ê«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å²ï¿½í¼ï¿½ë½ï¿½è«ê«ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½

����1��ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½à£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£

����2����í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½ï¿ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½

���������������ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ë¹å½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡£ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ï¿½ï¿½ò£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¼ò£ï¿½ê«ï¿½ëµè¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»øµï¿½ï¿½òºï¿½ï¿½õ¼ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ò»ï¿½î¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡±õ¹ê¾ï¿½á¡£

小学语文说课稿人教版篇十四

本课是苏教版一年级语文下册第五单元,第四课的内容。教材采用形声字归类的识字方法,内容可分为两部分。第一部分利用转盘图,显示基本字“青”换上不同的偏旁组成新字,揭示了这组形声字的构字规律。“转盘图”下面是这组字和由字组成的词。第二部分是儿歌和插图。儿歌编入新学的大部分字词,为学生理解字词提供了语言环境。插图再现了语言内容,给人以美得享受,有利于帮助学生理解儿歌。

知识与技能:学会本课9个生字,认识一个偏旁,竖心旁。能为生字组词,理解由生字组成的词语。

过程与方法:初步了解形声字的构字规律,创设情境,帮助孩子掌握知识。

情感态度价值观;诵读儿歌,培养语感,积累词语。进一步激发学生学习汉字的兴趣,树立学生学好汉字的信心。

1、温故而知新

在教学中,我先安排孩子们复习几组已学过的形声字,帮助孩子找到形声字的特点,从而展开教学。如:"他"和“她”字的读音一样,结构一样,只是字的偏旁不一样,我们可以依据偏旁区分,我们是用“他”,还是用“她'.

2、通过小组合作获取新知识

在这一部分,我安排孩子认识今天所涉及到的偏旁,并以小组为单位展开讨论,说一说从每个偏旁中你知道了些什么。如:日字旁和太阳有关系,目字旁和眼睛有关系等等。

3、展开想象,借助音节读准字音,认准字形。

在这一部分,主要引导孩子自己识字,当然是运用方法,巧妙地识字,并借助课文插图,把字与现实生活相结合。

4、拓展延伸,扩大运用

让孩子们以小组为单位,读生字以及词语,注意遇到读音不准的问题时,同学之间相互帮助,予以纠正。并且在读准的基础上,小组合作为词语造句,加深印象。

5、指导书写

孩子们已经积累了不少写字的方法与技巧,今天的书写指导,还是以孩子为标准,让他们自己沟通每一个字的特点,以及在书写时的技巧,老师只是适当的加以补充,以帮助孩子得到更好的方法。

小学语文说课稿人教版篇十五

����

���������ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµú°ë²ï¿½2��ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¿îµï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ë¡£ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½â·ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ê³ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü°×³ï¿½ï¿½ë¼òµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú°ï¿½ã¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê³ï¿½ï¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ü¿ï¿½ñ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é»î£¬ï¿½ï¿½îª×¯ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ñºï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü»ï¿½ã±ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ñ£»´ó½ü¿ï¿½ñ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿é¹ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¹ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½òªí¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ê³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"����"�ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ò²ï¿½ç¹á´©è«ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿õ¶ï¿½ï¿½ø¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½"����"����ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ó¦ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡£¿ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¼ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½"����"���������ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ç£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��é«ï¿½ô°×£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�����çµï¿½ê³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½"����ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ "������"ã»ï¿½ï¿½"ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��"�������â¶ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½'���������ò²ï¿½ï¿½ü³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ü²ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ê³ï¿½ï£¡'"��òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è³ô·ï¿½ï¿½ù¸é»ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ö£ï¿½"�����������ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"îªï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"ã»ï¿½ï¿½"��ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ë£»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¿ï¿½ñ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ñ¡£»ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ô½ü¿ï¿½ñ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã£¬"��������ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù·ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½"���ú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµ½ê²ã´ï¿½ì¶è¾íµï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ì¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½

����

������îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½û·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿î½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½"��ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ä£ê½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½

����

����öªê¶ä¿ï¿½ê£ºñ§ï¿½á±¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

��������ä¿ï¿½ê£ºï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½é«ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½"�ô»ï¿½"���ö£ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"���������ë¼ï¿½ï¿½"�ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ê¡ï¿½

�������ä¿ï¿½ê£ºï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½

����

������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¤£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ê³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ ����ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¾¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ ���꡶���ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ô­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����������õ¹ê¾ñ§ï°ä¿ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

���������æ£ï¿½"ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�����ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ü¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½

����1�������ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò£¬¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ ����ê²ã´ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºí²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµä½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å½ï¿½ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡££ï¿½

����2���������ñ¡ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ü¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ê³ï¿½ï¿½ ����ëµ"ã»ï¿½ï¿½"ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �����ü¿ï¿½ñ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµòªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ä²æ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£©

��������öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½"�������óµï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½óºí½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�������ä¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½í·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£

����1����ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ����ëµ"ã»ï¿½ï¿½"ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ �����ü¿ï¿½ñ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµòªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ò£¬±ß¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£ï¿½ï¿½

����2��ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½

������1��ëµò»ëµ

����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������2����ò»ï¿½ï¿½

������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½é«ï¿½ê¶ï¿½"�ô»ï¿½"���öºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�ô»ï¿½"���ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý½ü¿ï¿½ñ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à¼¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½éµä·ï¿½î§ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½æ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������3����ò»ï¿½ï¿½

������������òªï¿½å¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é±ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµä¼ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ñ§ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ïµêµï¿½ê£ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¡£ï¿½ðµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö«ï¿½å½¡è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô³é¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµä»ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¸æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¾ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é²ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ø¸ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ö³ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸ä±ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï»á²»ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¼ûµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ê±ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¿ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ªè¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

小学语文说课稿人教版篇十六

《尊严》是人教版六年制小学语文第八册2单元第七课的一篇精读课文。本单元的训练重点是从文章内容体会思想。本篇课文描写的是美国石油大王哈默年轻时的一个故事。在一个寒冷的冬天,在逃难的路上,他饥寒难忍,但是他拒绝了送到面前的食物,理由是他不能白吃人家的东西,只能在帮忙干完活以后,他才吃这份食物。后来,他留在杰克逊家里干活,成为庄园里的一把好手。从这件事可以体会到,尊重自己,才能获得别人的尊重。所以引导学生从描写年轻人神态,动作和语言的句子中,体会到年轻人自尊的品格;从杰克逊大叔对女儿的谈话中,认识到这种自尊的可贵,是本课教学的重点和难点。编者选编这篇课文的目的是进一步训练学生从文章内容中体会思想的能力,同时使学生从哈默的故事中受到教育,树立自尊,自强,自立的精神。

他是一个要通过自己的劳动换取食物的人,表现出年轻人是一个有尊严的人。?"尊严"是课题的名称,也是贯穿全文的主旨。但是空洞地告诉学生"尊严"的意思反而会让学生难以理解,应该注重让学生在人物分析中体会理解感悟。课前还可以布置学生搜集有关"尊严"的人生格言。从描写年轻人神态,动作和语言的句子中。如,年轻人"脸色苍白,骨瘦如柴",可是当食物送到他面前时,他问的是,"您有什么活儿需要我做吗 "当听到"没有"时,他的"目光顿时灰暗了","喉结上下动了动,说:'先生,那我不能吃您的东西,我不能不劳动,就得到这些食物!'"在要求先吃饭再干活时,他仍坚持:"等做完了您的活儿,我再吃这些东西!"为了加深学生对年轻人自尊人格的了解,可以启发学生想象他的心理活动。如,当食物摆在他面前时,从他说的话里想象他是怎么想的;当听到"没活"干时,他会怎么想;当杰克逊大叔要他捶背时,他又是怎么想,从而深入体会他自尊自强的品格。还有对杰克逊大叔的话的理解是一个难点,"别看他现在什么都没有,可他百分之百是个富翁,因为他有尊严!"可在班上组织讨论,引导学生从生活中的具体事例谈自己的理解,学生能理解到什么程度就到什么程度,不做过高要求。

因为学生是学习的主体,所以本课的教学方法确定为多媒体直观法,阅读讨论法,以读代讲法,以读促写法,并且整堂课将以"先学后教,当堂训练"洋思教学模式为主框架。

知识目标:学会本课四个生字(呈,惫,堪,捶)

能力目标:正确,流利,有感情地朗读课文,分角色有感情地朗读"对话"部分;学习运用"从内容体会思想"的方法,引导学生抓住人物的神态,动作,语言体现人物的品质。

情感目标:让学生体会哈默美好的形象和人格魅力。教育学生从小就要有自尊心,无论在什么时候人都要有尊严。

(一)激趣导入

同学们,假如你是一个饥肠辘辘,筋疲力尽的逃难人,有人将食物送到你面前,你会怎么做 (出示课文插图)可是有一个年轻人他没有这么做,这究竟是为什么呢 读完《尊严》这篇课文,你就知道了。(这样设置悬念,激发学生探求原因的欲望。)

(二)展示学习目标,引导学生自学质疑

古人云:"学起于思,思源于疑"。课堂教学引导学生质疑问难,能激发学生的兴趣和创新思维。

1,根据阅读提示自由读书感悟,勾画出描写年轻人神态,动作,语言的句子,想一想,你读懂了什么 还有什么地方不懂 同桌相互交流各自读懂的和不懂的问题。(这个环节是学生动口,动脑,动手,理清了文章的结构,培养了自学能力和团结协作的精神。)

2,质疑问难。学生通过读课文提出问题,归纳:年轻人为什么拒绝摆在他面前的食物 当听说"没活"时,他为什么不高兴 当听杰克逊大叔说要他捶背时,他为什么又高兴起来 为什么他会从一无所有到后来拥有一笔让所有美国人羡慕的财富呢

(三)小组合作学习,探究交流。(探究刚才质疑的问题)

陶行知先生指出"教育孩子的全部奥秘在于相信孩子和解放孩子"。《语文课程标准》也提出以学生是语文学习和发展的主体,引导学生发现问题,提出问题,探究问题,解决问题。

1,分小组合作学习。重点通过年轻人的神态,动作,语言,想象他当时的心理活动,体会他自尊,自强的精神。学生在朗读中提出不懂的问题,如食物摆在年轻人面前时,从他说的话里,你知道他是怎么想的吗 当听说"没活"时,他会怎么想 当听杰克逊大叔说要他捶背时,他又会怎么想 学生在提出问题后又进行朗读,实现在读中问,问中读。(这个环节设计是让学生洞察,分析人物的内心活动,从内容体会思想,加深对年轻人自尊人格的理解。学生在读中问,问中读,在读中感悟,边读边想,培养学生的想象能力和创新思维能力。学生在自读自问中和文本,教师,同学进行着心灵的对话,情感得到了升华,个性得到张扬。)

2,说一说,演一演,议一议

(1)说一说

学生自由说出文中自己最喜欢的语句或感受最深的地方。

(2)演一演

在学生自由畅谈后,引导学生分角色朗读"对话"部分和欣赏即兴表演"对话"部分。(请两位学生分别扮演杰克逊大叔和年轻人,其余几个学生扮演逃难人进行现场表演,本课的重难点就在宽松的氛围中得以突出和突破。)

(3)议一议

引导讨论要放开,自由表达,要有自己独特的见解。学生要联系实际,说说自己的体会。有的学生针对当今社会上肢体健全的人而在街上行讨的行为表示鄙视,同哈默相比,简直毫无尊严可言;有的学生针对成绩差的学生懒惰,撒谎的坏习惯提出批评和忠告,教他立志做一个有尊严的人;有的学生针对自己作为一个班干部谈了如何做一个讲诚信,热心帮助别人的有尊严的人。学生的独立见解和独特感受。让人深受感动和启发。学生很轻松地体会到:尊严是一则广告;尊严是一种力量;尊严更是一种崇高。尊严对一个人多么重要!他能改变一个人的人生,人有了尊严会不断发奋努力。尊严是一笔无价的精神财富,用劳动可以创造财富。鼓励学生从小就要有自尊心,无论什么时候都要有尊严。(这个环节的设计,学生的思维得到发散,从课文的内容想开去,培养了学生口头表达能力和想象力,学生的品格受到了陶冶。)

全文阅读已结束,如果需要下载本文请点击

下载此文档
a.付费复制
付费获得该文章复制权限
特价:5.99元 10元
微信扫码支付
已付款请点这里
b.包月复制
付费后30天内不限量复制
特价:9.99元 10元
微信扫码支付
已付款请点这里 联系客服