人的记忆力会随着岁月的流逝而衰退，写作可以弥补记忆的不足，将曾经的人生经历和感悟记录下来，也便于保存一份美好的回忆。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的范文呢？这里我整理了一些优秀的范文，希望对大家有所帮助，下面我们就来了解一下吧。
●Project Reciting a poem 篇一
at the beginning of this period, let’s enjoy an english poem: she walks in beauty. look at the screen and listen to the tape, trying to grasp the theme of the poem.
it’s a romantic poem. as we all know, romantic themes tend to be emotional. today, we’ll read and later recite a romantic poem about love by robert burns a red, red rose. let’s come to the reading part of project.
1. read the report on the poetry of robert burns, skim for the main idea of this article and tell how it is organized.
paragraphs 1-4 introduction of robert burns
paragraphs 5-7 some information about a movement of poets called the romantic movement
paragraphs 8-9 the poem ‘a red, red rose’ with its introduction and explanation
2. pair work: rearrange the events in the order of time. fill in the following table:
time event
1750 the romantic movement started.
1759 robert burns was born.
1794 the poem ‘a red, red rose’ was published.
1796 robert burns died at the age of 37.
1870 the romantic movement ended.
1877 the monument to burns was first publicly exhibited.
3. read the article for a third time to get more information about this report, and then fill in the following table about robert burns.
year of birth place of birth year of death family status
1759 alloway, scotland 1796 poor
his first love name nelly kirkpatrick
effect on him encouraged him to start writing poetry
main works ‘to a mouse’; ‘the holy fair’; ‘a red, red rose’
the movement
of poets name of the movement romantic movement
representative poets john keats; william wordsworth; robert burns
features romantic themes tend to be more emotional.
the poems are always about love, dreams or nature.
the way people
memorize him *all of scotland mourned his death, and afterwards many people donated money to support his widow and children. the monument to him was first publicly exhibited in 1877 and about 30,000 people attended the first exhibition.
*the house in alloway, where burns was born, is now a museum of his life and work.
4. read and recite the poem a red, red rose, trying to understand the meaning of the poem.
part b
1. group work: discuss the eight questions in part b. then prepare your project.
2. present your project.
homework
1. read the passage in project and recite the poem.
2. do parts b1 and b2 on page 101 of the workbook.
●Project Reciting a poem 篇二
m6unit 2 project
第一部分：自主学习
ⅱ. writer is old. he says ‘when i was young’,implying that he is not young any more.
days at school were the happiest of his life.
3.a teenager. because in para3, the writer says ‘i will also be happy because i will be an adult then. ’
adult can make his or her own decisions and do things he or she enjoys. he or she can have a job that he or she likes and finds happiness in being successful at it. teenagers have to work hard at school and should always be doing or learning things, so they don’t have time to relax.
iii. in a rush ；will have learned； affect; guarantee good health and happiness;
assist us with; the maximum amount of time; successful in my job and surrounded by;.
iv. teenagers; ahead motivation;; worries; imagination; freedom; independently; secure; easily . aches;
1.本可能……但没有; 一定已做了某事； 本应该…但没有； 本没必要做…但…；
本不应该做…但做了； 本可能……但没有； 本不可能……但；b, d
2. 将来完成时；by the end of, will have planted; a
3. 想象, 猜想, 推测, 认为, 相信; 及物动词；you can imagine the situation there；i cant imagine his eating up the bread；你能想象眼睛看不见的感觉吗？b
形容词作宾语补足语； 名词； 形容词；分词；不定式；介宾短语
4．简单句; 回顾；回首，回忆;
i like to look back on my high-school days, which were the happiest in my life.
四下张望; 向前看; 往里看 / 调查；看不起、轻视；轻视，尊敬； 浏览，检查，通过…看；检查
看起来像；look out； look up; look down; look up and down; look for; look after
5. 简单句; 两个， the maximam amount of time 和the minimum amount of time; 名词；
陪伴/同行/ 做伴；in ~ with 陪伴某人； keep sb ~ 给某人做伴，陪伴某人;in the ~ of 在…的陪伴下； 同伴/公司； accompany .
i’ll stay here and keep you company.
he accompanied her friend to the concert.
第二部分：达标检测
’s hard to imagine what it would be like to live on a deserted island.
2.i’m so hot. i feel like going swimming.
i look back on my days in the countryside, i always think of the friendliness and kindness of the local people.
dbb
●Project Reciting a poem 篇三
● grammar and usage
step 1: general introduction
the grammar items in this unit focus on negative statements. you are expected to understand the meanings of negative statements. you will also learn the ways to make a negative statement. then you may apply what you have learnt to practical use by finishing two exercises.
step 2: exercises
turn the following into negative statements:
1. they’re listening to pop music now.
________________________________
2. many people can speak english nowadays.
_________________________________
3. you must make your bed after you get up every day.
_______________________________________________
4. his mother has a beautiful car.
________________________________________________
5. we need a pen and piece of paper.
________________________________________________
6. i need wear a warm coat.
_________________________________________________
7. the old man always goes for a walk in the park after supper.
_______________________________________________
8. the doctors volunteer in the countryside every year.
_________________________________________
9. mike does sports in the afternoon.
________________________________
10. you’d better talk with your parents right now.
___________________________________
keys:
1. they aren’t listening to pop music now.
2. many people can’t speak english nowadays.
3. you don’t have to make your bed after you get up every day.
4. his mother doesn’t have a beautiful car.
5. we don’t need a pen and piece of paper.
6. i needn’t wear a warm coat.
7. the old man seldom goes for a walk in the park after supper.
8. the doctors don’t volunteer in the countryside every year.
9. mike doesn’t do sports in the afternoon.
10. you’d better not talk with your parents right now.
step 3: explanation and practice
1. make a list of the most commonly used negative words:
no, not, never, neither, hardly, seldom, few, little, barely…
2. please decide whether it is a true statement: john keats was a famous short story writer.
this statement is untrue. we can correct an untrue statement in the following way:
john keats was not a famous short story writer.
3. as we learned, negative statements are often used to correct a mistaken idea. let’s recall the ways to make negative statements.
4. read part 1 and part 2. when not is used with a negative prefix, the meaning of the sentence is positive. however, the positive meaning is not as strong as that of a direct positive statement. for example:
students are not discouraged to discuss things with their classmates. (students are encouraged to discuss things with their classmates.)
your actions were not inexcusable, but they were certainly not appropriate. (your actions were excusable, but certainly not appropriate.)
it is not uncommon for him to be late. (it is very common for him to be late.)
not can be used before a phrase of time, distance or a noun phrase to emphasize the negative meaning of the phrase. for example:
it is not a long distance from the city center to the new railway station. (=it is very near from the city center to the new railway station.)
it will not be long before most people around the world know how to use a computer. (=soon, people around the world will know how to use a computer.)
there were not many people present for the lecture. (=there were very few people present for the lecture.)
5. read part 3. in informal english, the negative expressions can be used with whether and if to show doubt or uncertainty. for example:
i wouldnt be surprised if they didn’t buy a house soon. (=i wouldn’t be surprised if they bought a house soon.)
i wonder whether/if i shouldnt get a haircut. (=i wonder whether/if i should get a haircut.)
i wonder whether/if i shouldnt buy a new suit. (=i wonder whether/if i should buy a new suit.)
6. read part 4. pay attention to some negative expressions.
on no account, in no circumstances, never before, nowhere, at no time, by no means,
7. read a book report written by sharon. try to cycle the negative statements.
answers
a 1 … he experiences an abnormal childhood without any parents.
2 he is raised in a place with other children who also have no parents.
3 he is then sent to a workhouse, where he has to work very hard and hardly has time to relax.
4 oliver does not like anything about the workhouse.
5 he is treated very badly and seldom has enough food or water.
6 fagin is not a good character and cares only about himself.
7 oliver does not know anything at first and stays with fagin.
8 he does not want to steal from anyone, but in order to survive, oliver is forced to become a criminal.
9 mr barnlow is a man without any of fagin’s vices.
10 unless oliver can escape, he will never be reunited with mr barnlow.
11 he will have only misfortune, not a real family and the love he deserves, which is the major theme of the book.
8. finish part b inspanidually.
answers
b 1 surprised if, didn’t
2 not uncommon
3 not many
4 wonder whether/if, shouldn’t
for reference
there are some other patterns which can be used to express negation.
1 too + adjective +to-infinitive
in this pattern too, with the meaning ‘very’, is used before an adjective. after the adjective, an infinitive is used to mean ‘(somebody) cannot do’ or ‘something cannot be done’. sometimes for somebody can be used before the infinitive. for example:
my father is too old to have such a long journey. (=my father is very old and cannot travel so long.)
she is too happy to say a word at the party. (=she is so happy that she cannot say anything at the party.)
the box is too heavy to carry. (=the box is so heavy that no one can carry it.)
the house is too expensive for us to buy. (=the house is so expensive that we cannot buy it.)
2 few + a countable noun; little +an uncountable noun
when we use few to modify a countable noun, we mean ‘not many’, and the noun should be in its plural form. when we use little to modify an uncountable noun, we mean ‘not much’. and few or little here has the negative meaning. for example:
few students in our class have ever read katherine mansfield’s short stories. (=not many/only one or two students in our class have ever read katherine mansfield’s short stories.)
we have little rain all this summer. (=it almost does not rain during this summer.)
because few or little has the negative meaning, we do not use the negative form in question tags. for example:
few people liked his painting at that time, did they?
there is little ink in the bottle, is there?
for reference
关于英语中的否定句
1)一般否定
i don’t know this. no news is good news.
there is no person /not a person/not any person in the house.
2)特指否定
he went to his office, not to see him.
i am sorry for not coming on time.
i don’t think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.
3)部分否定
i don’t know all of them.
i can’t see everybody/everything.
all the answers are not right.（并非所有答案都对。）
all is not gold that glitters. （闪光的不一定都是金子。）
both of them are not right.（并非两人都对。）
4)全体否定
none of my friends smoke.
i can see nothing/nobody.
nothing can be so simple as this.
neither of them is right.
5) 延续否定
you didnt see him, neither/nor did i.
you dont know, i dont know either.
he doesnt know english, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of french.
6) 半否定句
we seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.
i know little english.
i saw few people.
7) 双重否定
you cant make something out of nothing.
whats done cannot be undone.
there is no sweet without sweat.
no gain without pains.
i cant help /keep/ laughing whenever i hear it.
no man is so old but (that) he can learn.
8)排除否定
everyone is ready except you.
he did nothing but play.
but for your help, i couldnt do it.
9)加强否定
i wont do it at all.
i cant see it any more.
he is no longer a boy.
step 4: consolidation
i. multiple choice
1. his mother had talked to him for many minutes while he was watching tv, but ＿＿＿＿.
a. a little did he hear b. little did he hear
c. little heard he d. a little heard he
2. during the war, ＿＿＿＿but also he lost his wife and his child.
a. not was his job in the lab taken away
b. not only was his job in the lab taken away
c. not merely his job in the lab was taken away
d. not just was taken away his job in the lab
3. i think this is the first time that we have met.＿＿＿anywhere.
a. before have we never seen each other b. never before we have seen each other
c. each other have we seen never before d. never before have we seen each other
4. -- the old man wouldn’t stay at home for a rest even if it rained.
-- ＿＿＿＿. he would feel sick if he stayed home for one day.
a. so would my grandpa b. so wouldn’t my grandpa
c. neither would my grandpa d. nor wouldn’t my grandpa
5. by no means ＿＿＿ to our plan for the trip.
a. will she agree b. she will agree c. agrees she d. will agree she
6. they went into a small house but ＿＿＿.
a. no persons did they find b. not a person found they
c. not a person did they find d. not a person they found
7. henry often helps look after granny wang, but＿＿＿.
a. seldom is george b. seldom george does
c. seldom does george d. seldom looks george after granny wang
8. nothing but two ancient chinese coins ＿＿＿＿ after they took out the jar.
a. did they find in it b. they found in it
c. in it did they find d. in it found they
ii. translation
1. 这两本书都不是英国出版的。
2. 你们当中我一个也不认识。
3． 我不同意所有这些方案。
4．在他还没来之前，我们就把所有的工作都做完了。
5. 这些规章制度多不完善！
6. 未经允许，任何人不得入内。
7. 听到这个消息后，没有一个人不感到惊奇。
8. 人们直到失去了健康才知道健康的可贵。
9. 直到五月的一个星期六下午，玛格丽特才安排我与她姐姐见面。
10. 不久他就告诉了我们这件事。
11. 对他的成绩我们怎么赞扬也不过分。
12. 他刚进办公室，电话铃就响了。
13. 只有傻瓜才会做这种事情。
14. 她是班里最自私的了。
15. 他的失败完全是由于他自己的粗心大意。
keys :
i. 1-5 bbdca 6-8 ccb
ii.
1. neither of the books is published in england.
2. i know none of you.
3. i agree to none of these plans.
4. we had finished all the work before he came.
5. how imperfect the rules and regulations are!
6. nobody can come in without permission.
7. having heard the news, everybody felt surprised.
there was nobody who did not feel surprised.
there was nobody but felt surprised.
8. people do not know the blessing of health until they lose it．
9. it was not until a saturday afternoon in may that margaret could arrange for me to meet her elder sister.
10. it wasnt long before he told us about this affair．
11. we can hardly praise his achievement too much．
12. no sooner had he entered the office than the telephone rang．
13. none but a fool would do such a thing．
14. nobody is more selfish than her in the class．
15. his failure was due to nothing else than his own carelessness．
●Project Reciting a poem 篇四
m8 u2 the universal language
project
from the blues to pop
learning aims(学习目标):
the magazine article about the development of pop music over
the last one hundred years.
2 enable the students to write about stars and popular musicians and
make a web page about a pop singer or band.
ts use what they have learnt to finish a project by working
together.
important points (学习重点):
learn how to improve the ability of reading by using the two reading techniques:1.浏览式2.扫描式阅读
difficult points (学习难点):
.let students know how to finish the project well
learning guide(方法引导):
listening reading and thinking to get students to understand the text.
teaching aids(教具)：
multi-medium and blackboard
learning procedures(学习过程):
step 1 lead in
enjoy music
focus on the title and predict: what is this text mainly about?
___________________________________________________________
step 2 skimming:
find the answers to the question.
q: how many kinds of music are mentioned in the passage?
___________________________________________________
deal with the following part.
time types origin representative
early jazz
(early1930s-1950s) r & b bill haley and the comets
the early 1950s rrock & roll develop from r&b
11960s ppop music
step3 scanning:
complete the outline of this passage.
part one : early jazz:
louis armstrong was one of ___________of jazz. his strength lies in that he would _________________ as he was playing it to at the time.
part two:. from r﹠b to rock and roll
r & b
bill haley and the comets, a white _____, and became a hit on the pop charts. they then recorded“___________________”, which became the number one hit of 1955. “rock around the clock” caused rock music to _____________________, separate style, and made it popular around the world.
rock & roll
△ big joe turner was a ______ american singer. he recorded his 1st r & r song called ________________ in 1954.
△ in order to bring rock to________ audiences, a music promoter from memphis, tennessee found that a white man named could sing like a black man. he turned out to become
part three :. 1960s pop music
the beatles helped make ________________popular around the world. wherever the beatles went, large numbers of fans would welcome them.
step four: discussion
how to make a webpage?
step five : work in groups
make a web page about a pop singer or band.
step six: home work
1. please review what has been learned in today’s class.
2. please finish the exercise on page 109.
教学后记
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
●Project Reciting a poem 篇五
period 10-11 §project making a list of pros and cons§
teaching aims:
◆ to help students learn and use english practically
◆ to learn a newspaper article about the possible negative effects of mobile phone use on people’s health
◆ to think about the potential problems of the electrical and electronic devices that are widely used nowadays in terms of health and society
◆ to learn how to make a list of advantages and disadvantages of an electronic device
◆ to help them to cooperate and complete each part of the project together
teaching key points & teaching difficulties:
◆ how to make then aware of the potential problems of the electrical and electronic devices
◆ how to help them complete a project of making a list of pros and cons
◆ the use of some key words
teaching procedure:
step one: lead-in
t: (greet the class as usual) you see, with the development of technology, lots of electrical devices have been invented to meet people’s needs. some are used so widely that in a way, we can not live a normal life without them, such as tv, mobile phones, and so on. it is reported that many students bring mobile phones to their schools. please think about the following questions:
1) how many of you have a mobile phone?
2) why do you use mobile phones?
3) can you list some functions of mobile phones?
making a phone call, taking photos, listening to music, surfing the internet, sending short text messages……
(encourage them to discuss the two questions in groups of four. this serves as a warm-up activity to help them understand the reading passage better. let them express their opinions freely and make sure that everyone has a chance to speak.)
step two: reading comprehension
(1) general reading
now let’s read a newspaper article about the possible negative effects of mobile phone use on people’s health
remind students of reading strategy: how to read a newspaper article
in a newspaper article, both title and first paragraph are attractive of eye-catching, which will tell you some information. read the title and the first paragraph carefully and predict what’s the author’s attitude towards mobile phone use.
suggested answer: he might be worried about the use of mobile phones because he says “scientists have recently provided us with some worrying findings.”
(remind them how to read a newspaper article. tell them that both the title and the first paragraph play a key role in their understanding of a newspaper article.)
(2)careful reading
t: ok. next please read the whole text and fill in the form below. first you must find the main points of each part and then give the supporting details.
main points(worrying findings) supporting details
para(2~3) using a mobile phone doubles the risk of developing brain cancer. from line 9 to line 15
para(4~5) digital mobile phones are an actual danger from line 32 to line 45
para(6~8) the reasons for no evidence about negative effects of mobile phones from line 69 to line 75
(remind them how to find the main points of paragraphs. tell them where they can find the topic sentences of each paragraph. ask students to read the article again and ask questions about the places that they do not understand.)
t: can the mobile phone damage your health? how to prevent the damage?
limiting the amount of time you spend on your mobile phone
moving the phone away from the body by using a hands free kit or loud speaking mode if available or why not consider texting as an alternative
checking the sar of a phone before you buy it, although the power which a phone transmits is controlled by the network and in many situations is far lower than its maximum power
turning your phone off when you don’t need to use it
step three: project time.
as we have learnt how to make a statement and how to support it, now you are expected to complete the project to make a list of pros and cons.
advantages and disadvantages of computer use/ mp3/ tv
sample: advantages and disadvantages of computer use
what are the advantages of using computers?
what are the disadvantages of using them?
do you think computers are a danger to your health?
can you list some evidence to prove your statement?
writing structure
introduction
advantages/ evidence
disadvantages/evidence
conclusion
useful expressions
it is said that…/ it is acknowledged that…
sb. believed/ thought that
hold an opinion that
additionally/ in addition
on the other hand
in the same way
…
step four: language points
1. terminal adj. of the last stage in a fatal disease 晚期的
end of the a train or a bus 终点,终点站 excuse me, where is the terminal of the train ?
2. be exposed to
n. [c](报纸、电视节目等对不城市或非法之事的)揭露，暴光（+of）
e.g.: todays newspaper contains an expose of police corruption.
v. [t] 暴露, 显露expose sth to sth
e.g.: he damaged his leg so badly in the accident that the bone was exposed.
wounds that are exposed to the air heal more quickly.伤口暴露在空气中愈合得更快。
暴光,揭露，揭发expose sb as sth
e.g.: the newspaper story exposed him as (= showed that he was) a liar.
exposed adj. 无遮蔽的，暴露（于风雨中）的；无保护的，易受攻击的
e.g.: the house is in a very exposed position.
expose sb. to sth. 使置身于危险之中phrasal verb [usually passive] to make it likely that someone will experience sth. harmful or unpleasant:
e.g.: as a nurse in the war she was exposed to many dangers. 作为战地护士, 她置身于各种各样的危险之中.
about 800, 000 children are exposed to poisons each year.
__________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. （上海）
a. exposed b. having exposed c. being exposed d. after being exposed
3. equal adj. 相等的；同等的；平等的
be equal to … 等于/相当于…；胜任…on the whole, women are not equal to men in physical strength.
without equal 无比、无敌
e.g.: he is equal to (doing) the job.
4. link … with … 将…同…连接/结合/联系起来
… link up with … …同…结合/连接/有联系
e.g.: they always link theory with practice.
his work links up with the research i am doing.
5. have/ lose faith in
e.g.: she has no faith in modern medicine.
faithful adj. loyal: 忠诚的 a faithful friend
e.g.: they are faithful supporters of the labour party.
反义词： faithless不重视的，不能信赖的 a faithless friend不能信赖的朋友
step five: homework:
write an article on advantages and disadvantaged of computer use
to do parts b1 and b2 on page 103 of the workbook
to do parts d1 and d2 on page 105 of the workbook
to ask students to read part a and then do part b on page 109 of the workbook
●Project Reciting a poem 篇六
unit two (the universal language)
period 1
welcome to the unit
teaching aims:
(1).make students talk about the opera turandot and read about the history of music from jazz to pop
(2).by talking and discussing, students’ spoken english can be practised.
important points & difficult points:
(1). students are expected to express their own opinions by talking and discussing.
(2). encourage students to speak freely.
teaching aids:
backboard
teaching procedures:
step 1: lead-in
music plays an important role in our daily life. have you ever had the experience of listening to a piece of music and feeling that it is written just for you? music can be used to express many feelings, such as love, sorrow, friendship and peace. although people from different areas of the world have different styles of music, we can still understand each other’s music. without music, what would our lives be like?
how much do you know about music? now let’s try to say some words about music:
● music: classical music, pop music, folk music, swing music, blues, jazz, rock and roll, rap, opera…
● people related to music: musician, singer, composer, pianist, violinist…
● musical instruments: guitar, piano, violin, drum…
step 2: sharing information
1. work in groups of four and discuss the four pictures on page 17.
picture of a jazz band
what are the people doing in this picture? what do you know about jazz?
(jazz is a musical art form. at the end of the 19th century, jazz music was the most popular type of music. jazz was started in new orleans in the usa and most jazz musicians at that time were black. it has been called the first original art form to develop in the usa. early jazz musicians made money by playing in small bands. often, jazz musicians made up the music as they were playing. early jazz came from folk music and later developed into something else of its own.)
do you know any famous jazz musicians?
(louis armstrong, one of the most famous jazz musicians, was born in new orleans. he created wonderful jazz music with his trumpet. in addition to playing trumpet, he also sang and danced. he performed on broadway, in films and recorded music.)
what does jazz music sound like to you?
picture of chinese opera
what are the people doing in this picture? what is chinese opera?
(chinese opera is a traditional form of drama in china. it started in the tang dynasty when emperor xuanzong founded the ‘pear garden’. a chinese opera performance includes elements such as dance, song, dialogue, swordplay and acrobatics. the features of chinese opera which can distinguish a character’s age, gender and personality are the makeup, movements, props and the colour of costumes.)
what does chinese opera sound like?
(to some young people nowadays, the music accompanied by gongs, cymbals, drums and stringed instruments sounds a bit ‘shrill’ and ‘noisy’. however, the stories and the melodies are unique.)
do you know any famous chinese opera performers?
picture of a girl playing the violin
what is the girl doing in this picture? what do you know about the violin?
(the violin belongs to the string family of instruments. it is made of wood and uses steel strings. a violinist uses a bow pulled across the strings to create beautiful music.)
do you know any famous violinists?
(in the past, the great violinists played the violin as well as writing music for the instrument. after the 19th century, composers and violinists started to be two different roles. the most famous violin composers and players are corelli, vivaldi, locatelli and later paganini, sarasate, wieniawski, vieuxtemps, ysave, kreisler and enesco.
picture of a girl playing the piano
what is the girl doing in this picture? what do you know about the piano?
(the piano belongs to the percussion family of instruments. it consists of a keyboard attached to a wooden box, inside of which are metal strings. a piano is played by pressing the keys. each of the keys is attached to a hammer that strikes one of the strings inside the box.)
do you know any famous pianists?
(among the most famous pianists are beethoven from germany, franz liszt from hungary and frederick chopin from poland. beethoven is known for his sonatas, liszt for the hungarian rhapsody and chopin for revolution etude.)
2. work in pairs and have a discussion about the three questions below the pictures.
sample answers
1 my favourite kind of music is classical music. classical music uses orchestras and many instruments cooperating to create music together. i like listening to music played by orchestras. you can hear things played on instruments from all of the different families--woodwind, string, percussion and brass. also, classical music tends to be slower, so it makes me feel calm when i listen to it.
2 the musician i like very much is jay chou. many people may think that he is just a pop singer, but i consider him to be a pop musician. he sings about broken heart, urban stress and young dreams. he expresses his experiences, feeling and personality into his music, which attracts young people who have similar thoughts. that is why many teenagers in china like him so much.
3 yes. i watched chinese operas with my grandfather when i was young. a chinese opera performance includes elements like dance, dialogue, swordplay and acrobatics. the music instruments used for chinese opera include gongs, cymbals, drums and stringed instruments. a character’s age, gender and personality are shown through the makeup, movements, props and colour costumes. in comparison, western opera puts greater emphasis on music and design, conveying a story through singing and dancing. dialogue is expressed through songs. both chinese and western opera use music to express themes like love, betrayal and hope.
step 3: discussion
many of us believe that music can have a very great effect on us. this is especially true of classical music, which some people believe can make us calmer or even smarter. there is a theory, called the ‘mozart effect’, that playing classical music for a child can help his or her brain develop. as a result, a lot of parents play classical music for their children, some even beginning before the child is born, in the hope that their children will be smarter. what do you think of the ‘mozart effect’ theory? do you think it is true? why or why not?
do you think adults can become smarter or calmer by listening to classical music? why or why not?
step 4: homework
1. collect more information about music.
2. prepare the reading part.
period 2
reading
teaching aims:
1. to help the students know some background knowledge about opera turandot and the history of music
2. to master the skills of reading a review of an opera
teaching aids:
recorder, blackboard
teaching procedures:
step 1: lead-in
boys and girls, i’m glad to tell you that today we’ll have a chance to enjoy a section of performance of giacomo puccini’s world-famous opera, turandot.
ok. it is performed in the forbidden city in beijing. can you guess who directed it? (zhang yimou.)
have you seen any of zhang yimou’s films?
do you like them? why or why not?
what else has zhang yimou directed besides films? ( they are the ‘bid for the 29th olympic games in beijing’, which was shown in moscow, a performance at the closing ceremony at athens olympic games, an outdoor performance of third sister liu in guilin and turandot in beijing).
have you seen or have you ever heard of the opera turandot?
if you have seen or heard of it, can you tell us what it is about?
step 2: fast reading for general ideas
a review is a report or an essay giving some information as well as some opinions or ideas about a book, a performance, a painting or something similar.
in our lesson today, we will read a review of an opera. what do you think the review will tell us? (it will give us some background information about turandot, tell us about the plot of the opera and give other information, such as the actors’ names, as well as an evaluation of the performance as a whole.)
go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions. just focus on and identify the information needed to answer these questions.
1. what is turandot?
2. who wrote turandot?
3. was the performance indoors or outdoors?
answers
1 turandot is an opera that tells the story of a cold-hearted chinese princess, named turandot, who lives in the forbidden city. to avoid marriage, she says that any potential husband must answer three riddles correctly or die.
2 giacomo puccini wrote the opera. the final scene was completed by franco alfano, one of his students, based on puccini’s notes after he died.
3 it was performed outdoors.
step 3: detailed reading for important information
1. let’s read the passage a second time and find out the background information of the opera. then complete the table:
main characters of the story turandot-a chinese princess；calaf-a prince；liu-calaf’s father’s young slave
setting beijing’s forbidden city
plot
the story takes on the classic love triangle of the three main characters turandot, calaf and liu. liu loves calaf, but calaf has fallen in love with turandot. because turandot does not want to get married, she declares that anyone who wants to marry her must answer her three questions. if the one cannot answer these questions, he will be killed.
director zhang yimou
conductor zubin mehta, an internationally famous conductor born inindia
actors and actresses sharon sweet-turandot; barbara hendricks-liu; kristjan johannsson-calaf; other singers and musicians from abroad and china
2. retell the story of turandot, using what has been written in the table.
step4: read the text again and choose the best answers according to the text.
a⑴ how many performances of turandot were performed in the forbidden city in beijing?
a. eight b. seven
c. one d. the text doesn’t mention it
a⑵ who wrote turandot and when was it written?
a. giacomo puccini, in 1924
b. giacomo puccini’s former student, in 1924
c. zubin mehta, in the 1990s
d. sharon sweet, in the 1990s
c⑶ when was turandot staged in beijing?
a. in 1924
b. in the twenty first century
c. in the 1990s
d. in
d⑷ how does the writer think of the opera?
a. terrible b. moving c. boring d. amazing
step5: words and expressions
vocabulary words witness, star, cast, avoid, dare, disturbing, recite, threaten, aloud, marry, breathless, guard, key, combine, heartbreaking, fluent, condemn
useful expressions the end of, be set in, instead of, for the first time, fall in love, take on, be drunk with, exercise, control over, break one’s promise, be upset by, by surprise, be condemned to death, be shocked by, win one’s affection, at the end of, bring together
sentence patterns 1. in order to avoid marriage, she says that any potential husband must answer three riddles correctly or die.
2. there could not be a better setting.
3. although he would like to, he cannot break his promise.
4. calaf says his own name aloud, leaving his future in turandot’s hands.
5. the opera finishes with a beautifully-sung final duet, which was so moving that the audience fell silent.
step6: pair work
talk about a western or a chinese opera that you are all familiar with. introduce the main characters, the setting and the plot.
chinese opera
the chinese opera is a traditional form of stage entertainment, weaving together elements of mime, dance, song, dialogue, swordplay, and acrobatics into one fluid continuous flow. gestures, movements and expressions incorporated within each performers script come together to bring forth an impressive performance. in contrast to western stage entertainment, which is subspanided into different categories such as opera, drama and sketches, chinese opera has remained faithful to its original format over the centuries.
by doing away with three-dimensional stage props and complicated backdrops found in western opera, chinese opera conveys the idea of time and space to the audience through the acting of performers. this simple and flexible technique is called “imagined time and space” in chinese operatic terminology. the acting, however, is not mere imitation of movements in daily life. instead, it has been perfected to bring out just their essentials, making them highly-stylize and rhythmic dancing movements. such acting is described in chinese stage language as “stylized formula”. in addition, chinese opera has specific costumes, facial make-ups, musical motifs and recitations to represent each character in the series of characters known as xingtous. all this, plus imagined time and space and stylized acting, has enabled the story to rise above real life and create a strong dramatic atmosphere with distinct operatic effects.
western ears do not readily appreciate this art, for chinese opera often seems shrilly and noisy. shrill voices pierce the air, accompanied by loud gongs, crashing cymbals, pounding drums and droning stringed instruments. the music is not intended to be melodic, as in the west, but rather used as punctuation to the performance. chinese opera is an art of the people-enjoyed and appreciated by all across the social spectrum. in a real sense it is a folk art, comparable in many ways with the chinese circus. although the music of chinese opera may seem very alien, the stories told are very familiar to those accustomed to western opera: heroes battle overwhelmingly powerful foes, good versus evil, and lovers seek escape from domineering and disapproving parents.
a distinct feature of chinese opera is the makeup, movements, props, and colorful costumes. these features identify a characters age, sex, and personality the moment he or she enters the story. face painting leans heavily on earlier forms of mask and make up. facial patterns rely on exaggeration and the symbolism of color to suggest a characters attributes and personality. the painted faces become what the chinese call ‘a mirror of the soul’. well-versed members of the audience will be able to tell instantly the personality of characters on the stage by their painted faces. although colors sometime represent a physical attribute of a character, they are predominantly used as indicators of a character’s personality. apart from the exquisitely embroidered traditional costumes, head-dresses are a requisite in chinese opera. the more elaborate the head-dress, the more significant the character. costumes are extravagant in style in order to achieve as great a theatrical effect as possible. like the face makeup, the color codes of these costumes identify the various ranks, status, and personality of the characters.
although sharing a common ancestry, chinese opera boasts over 300 various distinct forms-taking their names from their places of origin. these forms are generally discernible by their use of local dialects and distinct ‘melodies’. beijing opera is considered by most to be the most refined. also widespread are pingju opera, kunqu opera, shaoxing opera, henan opera, sichuan opera, shanxi opera, huangmei opera, huagu opera and yangko opera. some chinese ethnic minority groups have some local form of operas. many modern instrumental music pieces incorporate traditional instruments while adapting a more modern style. however, instrumental music is still very traditional. many works of traditional music are still played by small quartets and large orchestras. chinese melodies are quite unique and incorporate into many modern compositions. chinese instrumental music has changed because it is no longer restricted to the traditional format. even non-traditional instruments such as the piano are used in creating modern works.
western opera
opera is a form of theatre in which the drama is conveyed wholly or predominantly through music and singing. opera emerged in italy around the year 1600 and is generally associated with the western classical music tradition. opera uses many of the elements of spoken theatre such as scenery, costumes, and acting. generally, however, opera is distinguished from other dramatic forms by the importance of song and conventions of vocal technique. the singers are accompanied by a musical ensemble ranging from a small instrumental ensemble to a full symphonic orchestra. opera may also incorporate dance; this was especially true of french opera for much of its history.
comparable art forms from various other parts of the world, many of them ancient in origin, exist and are also sometimes called “opera” by analogy, usually prefaced with an adjective indicating the region (for example, chinese opera). these independent traditions are not derivative of western opera, but are rather distinct forms of musical theatre. opera is also not the only type of western musical theatre: in the ancient world, greek drama featured singing and instrumental accompaniment; and in modern times, other forms such as the musical have appeared.
the word opera means “works” in italian (from the plural of latin opus meaning “work” or “labour”) suggesting that it combines the arts of solo and choral singing, declamation, acting and dancing in a staged spectacle. dafne by jacopo peri was the earliest composition considered opera, as understood today. it was written around 1597, largely under the inspiration of an elite circle of literate florentine humanists who gathered as the “camerata”. significantly, dafne was an attempt to revive the classical greek drama, part of the wider revival of antiquity characteristic of the renaissance. the members of the camerata considered that the “chorus” parts of greek dramas were originally sung, and possibly even the entire text of all roles; opera was thus conceived as a way of “restoring” this situation. dafne is unfortunately lost. a later work by peri, euridice, dating from 1600, is the first opera score to have survived to the present day. the honour of being the first opera still to be regularly performed, however, goes to claudio monteverdi’s orfeo, composed for the court of mantua in 1607.
step 7: homework
1. read the text again and again. try to memorize the language points.
2. parts a1 and a2 on page108 of the workbook.
period 3
word power
teaching aims:
1. learn and master the new words related to computers.
2. enlarge the knowledge about the internet.
important points & difficult points:
master the expressions about the internet.
teaching aids:
recorder, blackboard
teaching procedures:
step1. lead-in
at the beginning of today’s class, let’s play a guessing game. here are several cards, in each of which is written an instrument. i’d like one of you to give a brief description of them and other students to guess what they are.
for reference
1. piano: a large musical instrument with a row of black and white keys which are pressed to play notes.
2. violin: a wooden musical instrument with four strings which is held against the neck and played by moving a bow across the strings.
3. guitar: a musical instrument with six strings and a long neck which is usually made of wood, and which is played by pulling or hitting the strings with the fingers.
4. cello: a wooden musical instrument with four strings, that is held vertically between the legs and is played by moving a bow across the strings.
5. trumpet: a brass musical instrument consisting of a metal tube with one narrow end, into which the player blows, and one wide end. three buttons are pressed in order to change notes.
6. horn: a curved musical instrument made of metal, which is narrow at the end you blow down to make a sound, and wider towards the other end.
7. flute: a tube-shaped musical instrument with a hole that you blow across at one end while holding the tube out horizontally to one side of you.
8. clarinet: a tube-shaped musical instrument which is played by blowing through a single reed and pressing the metal keys to produce different notes.
9. cymbal: a flat round musical instrument made of brass, which makes a loud noise when hit with a stick or against another cymbal.
10. bass drum: a large drum that produces a low sound
step2: questions
1. do you know how to play the piano/violin/guitar?
2. have you ever seen a live orchestra performance or seen any orchestras playing on tv? what was it like?
3. what is an orchestra like?
4. what kind of music is performed by an orchestra?
5. do you know any famous orchestras in china or in other places around the world?
for reference
usually there are two types of orchestra. a chamber orchestra is a small group, and a symphony or philharmonic orchestra is a larger group which includes all of the instrument families.
the music that an orchestra plays is usually classical.
the members of an orchestra are musicians, including the conductor, the pianist, the violinist, the flutist and so on.
there are different types of musical instruments in an orchestra. the percussion family includes the piano, the timpani, the xylophone, the triangle, the snare drum, the bass drum, the woodblocks and the gongs. the brass family are the trumpet, the horn, the trombone and the tuba. the woodwind family members are the flute, the clarinet, the oboe and the bassoon. sometimes the saxophone also joins the orchestra. the string section has four kinds of stringed instruments in the orchestra-the violins, the violas, the cellos and the double basses.
step 3: vocabulary learning
small: a ________orchestra (chamber)
an orchestra large: a ________ orchestra (symphony/philharmonic)
________ (strings)
________ (woodwind)
four groups of musical instruments ________ (brass)
________ (percussion)
________ classical music (western)
________ (opera)
music of an orchestra popular music
music from different ________(countries)
step 3: homework
finish the exercise p22-23
period 4
grammar and usage (ellipsis)
teaching aims:
1. to sum the usage of ellipsis and learn the usages of them.
2. to focus on the special styles .
teaching important and difficult points :
1. to conclude the usages of them and do some practice .
2. how to use ellipsis correctly in a concrete sentence .
teaching procedures :
step 1: general introduction
the grammar item in this unit focuses on ellipsis. you will learn when to use ellipsis and how to use it correctly. you are expected to apply what you have learnt to practical use by finishing the two exercises in this section.
step 2: explanation and practice
read the instructions on page 24. we use ellipsis when we do not want to repeat words or phrases that are obvious.
ellipsis
省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，在句中并不出现，这种句子叫做省略句（elliptical sentences），这种语法现象称为“省略”（ellipsis or leaving words out）。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成部分，但仍能表达其完整的意义。
省略形式多样，从单词、短语到分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断。“省略”不但是一种“以无为有”的最简便的表达方法，而且也是一种简便至极，“虽无胜有”的修辞手段。如果弄不清一句中哪些部分省略了，就可以产生误解或歧义。
省略在英语运用中，尤其是在交际对话中普遍存在，因为它可以避免重复，突出关键词语，能做到言简意赅，并使上下文紧密连接。在历年的高考题中也屡见不鲜。省略有词法上的省略，也有句法上的省略，有的学者把某些替代也看作一种省略。
一、词法上的省略
1. 名词所有格后修饰的名词在以下情况可以省略
1）如果名词所有格修饰的名词在前文已出现，则可以省略。如：
these are johns books and those are marys (books). 这些是约翰的书，那些是玛丽的书。
2）名词所有格后修饰的名词如果是指商店、住宅等地点时，这些名词也常常省略。如：
at the doctors 在诊所
at mr greens 在格林先生家
to my uncles 到我叔叔家
at the barbers 在理发店
2. 冠词的省略
1）为了避免重复
the lightning flashed and thunder crashed. 电闪雷鸣。（thunder前省略了定冠词the）2）在the next day (morning, week, year...)等短语中，有时为了使语气紧凑定冠词the 常可以省略。如：we went to the farm to help the farmers with the harvest (the) next day. 第二天，我们去农场帮助农民收庄稼。
3）在副词的最高级前面的定冠词常可以省略。如：
she sings best in the class. 她在班上唱歌唱得最好。
4）在某些独立主格结构中。如：
our teacher came in, book in hand. (=our teacher came in, with a book in his hand.) 我们的老师手里拿着一本书进来了。
5）在as引导的让步状语从句中，当作表语的单数名词提前时，不定冠词要省略。如：
child as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他还是一个孩子，却懂得很多。
3. 介词的省略
1）both 后常跟of短语，其后可以接名词复数形式，也可以接代词宾格复数形式。接复数名词时，介词of可以省略，但接代词宾格时，of不能省略。如：
both (of) the films were interesting. 这两部电影都很有趣。
she invited both of us to her birthday party. 她邀请我们俩去参加她的生日派对。
2）在现在完成时表持续和重复的句型中，一段时间前的介词for可以省略。如：
these shoes are worn out. they have lasted (for) a long time.
这双鞋穿破了，已经穿了很长一段时间了。
3）被动结构中，如果没有必要强调动作的执行者，则可以省略介词by短语。如：
the letter was posted (by me) yesterday. 这封信是昨天寄出去的。
4）和一些动词搭配构成的短语中的介词，如：consider... (as)..., prevent / stop... (from) doing..., have trouble / difficulty... (in) doing..., spend... (in / on) doing... 等中的介词可以省略。如：
trees can prevent the earth (from) being washed away. 树能阻止泥土被冲走。
can you stop him (from) going swimming in the river? 你能阻止他下河洗澡吗？
i have some difficulty (in) answering the question. 回答这个问题我有点困难。
4. 动词不定式中的省略
1）有些动词，如：believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作宾补的结构to be + n. / adj. 中的to be可以省略。如：
i consider him (to be) lazy. 我认为他懒。
his mother found him (to be) a clever boy.
他母亲发觉他是一个很聪明的孩子。
2） 感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等以及使役动词let, make, have后作宾补的动词不定式中的不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，to必须保留。如：
they made the boy go to bed early. 他们强迫这个男孩早睡。
the boy was made to go to bed early. 这个男孩被迫早睡。
注：help后作宾补的动词不定式中的to可以省略也可以保留。
3）在can not but, can not choose but, can not help but之后的动词不定式一般不带to； but之前有实义动词do的某个形式do, does, did, done 时，也不带to, 否则要带to。如：
we have nothing to do now but wait. 我们现在除了等没有别的事可做。
i can not but admire his courage. 我不能不钦佩他的勇敢。
he has no choice but to accept the fact. 除了接受这个事实他别无选择。
4）在并列结构中为了避免重复。如：
im really puzzled what to think or say. 我真不知道该怎么想，怎么说才好。
但两个不定式有对照或对比的意义时，则后一个to不能省略。如：
i came not to scold but to praise you. 我来不是责备你，而是赞美你。
5）在why, why not 引导的特殊问句中后跟省略to的动词不定式。如：
why talk so much about it? 为什么大谈这个事呢？
why not try it again? 为什么不再试一试呢？
6） 主语部分有实意动词do 的任何形式，is /was后是不定式做的表语解释do 的内容，通常省略to.
the only thing you have to do is (to) press the button.
7） 动词不定式中动词原形部分是否省略，主要看句子前面是否已出现过同
样的动词。如果句子前面出现过同样的动词，为了避免重复，句子后面的不定式常省略动词原形，而保留不定式符号to。如：
they may go if they wish to (go). 如果他们想去，他们就可以去。
dont go till i tell you to.直到我告诉你去，你才可以去。
在一些动词afford, agree, expect, forget, mean, pretend, remember, want, refuse, hope, wish, would like (love), try等后跟动词不定式作宾语，不定式中的to可以承前（后）省略。如:
-will you go to the cinema with me? 你愿和我一起去看电影吗？
-well, id like to (go with you). 我愿意。
i would do it for you, but i dont know how to (do it for you).
我想为你做这事，但我又不知如何做。
在某些形容词，如：afraid, glad, willing, happy, eager等后承前省略动词原形，只保留不定式符号to。如：
-will you join us in the game? 你愿和我们一起做这个游戏吗？
-sure, ill be glad to (join you in the game). 当然，我愿意。
有些动词，如：tell, ask, allow, expect, force, invite, permit, persuade, order, warn, wish, would like, forbid等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语、主语补足语时，不定式承前省略动词原形， 保留动词不定式符号to。如： he didnt come, though we had invited him to (come). 尽管我们邀请他来，他却没来。
注：承前省略的动词不定式如果有助动词have或be，则要保留be或have。如：
-are you a teacher? 你是老师吗？
-no, but i used to be (a teacher). 不，我以前是。
二、句法中的省略
在一些简单句、并列句和复合句中，可以省略主语、谓语、宾语、表语等某一个句子成分，也可以省略多个句子成分。
1．简单句中的省略
1) 感叹句中常省略主语和谓语。如：
what a hot day (it is)! 多热的天啊！ how wonderful! 多妙啊！
2) 在一些口语中可以省略某些句子成分。如：
-(will you) have a smoke? 你抽烟吗？ -no. thanks. 不，谢谢了。
(is there) anything else to say? 还有别的要说吗？
2．并列句中的省略
1) 如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的那部分。如：
john must have been playing football and mary (must have been) doing her homework. 约翰一定在踢球，而玛丽一定在做作业。
2) 主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略。如：
his suggestions made john happy, but (his suggestions made) mary angry.
他的建议使约翰高兴，却使玛丽很生气。
3) 主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语。如：
old mcdonald gave up smoking for a while, but (he) soon returned to his old ways. 老麦克唐纳戒了一阵子烟，可很快又抽上了。
4) 在并列复合句中，如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等其它一些成分与第一个并列句相同时，这个that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分。如：
jack will sing at the party, but i know john wont (sing at the party).
杰克将在晚会上唱歌，但我知道约翰不会在晚会上唱歌。
3. 复合句中的省略
1) 名词性从句中的省略
(1) 作宾语的what从句中的谓语动词与主句的相同，则what从句可以省略谓语，甚至主语。如：someone has used my bike, but i dont know who (has used it).
有人用了我的自行车，但我不知道是谁。
he has gone, but no one knows where (he has gone).
他走了，但没人知道他去哪儿了。
(2) 有时候也可以根据说话的情景来省略主句中的一些成分。如：
(im) sorry ive kept you waiting so long. 对不起，让你久等了。
(3) 在某些表虚拟语气的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，从句谓语动词中的助动词should可以省略。如：its important that we (should) speak to the old politely. 我们对老人说话要有礼貌，这很重要。
2) 定语从句中的省略
(1) 在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that, which, who (whom)常可以省略。如：
the man (who / whom) i saw is called smith. 我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。
where is the book (which) i bought this morning?
今天上午我买的那本书在哪儿？
(2) 关系副词when, where, why以及that在the time (day, morning, afternoon, evening, night, week, month, year等) when, the place (desk, table, room, spot, house, town, country, school等)where, the reason why, the way that结构中引导限制性定语从句时，在非正式场合下，可以省略关系副词when, where, why, that。如：
i shall never forget the day (when) we first met.
我永远也不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。
the reason (why) he came so early is his own affair.
他来这么早是他自己的事。
the way (that) you answered the questions was admirable.
你回答这些问题的方式令人钦佩。
3）状语从句中的省略
当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
(1) 在as, before, till, once, when, while等引导的时间状语从句中。如：
while (i was) waiting, i was reading some magazines. 我一边看杂志，一边等。
(2) 在though, although,等引导的让步状语从句中。如：
though (they were) tired, they went on working.
虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。
(3) 在if, unless(=if... not)等引导的条件状语从句中。如：
you shouldnt come to his party unless (you were) invited.
除非你被邀请，否则你不应该来参加他的宴会。
(4) 在as, as if, as though引导的让步状语从句中。如：
he did as (he had been) told. 他按照被告知的那样去做了。
he paused as if (he was) expecting her to speak.
他停下来，好像是在期待她说话。
(5) 在as (so)... as..., than引导的比较状语从句中。如：
i know you can do better than he (can do). 我知道你能比他做得更好。
this car doesnt run as fast as that one (does). 这辆小车不及那辆跑得快。
三、替代性省略
在一些交际用语中的某些动词，如：think, suppose, expect, believe，guess等后常常和so， not等连用，以替代上文出现的内容。如：
-do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting?
你认为他会来参加这个会议吗？
-i suppose not. 我认为不会。
step3: practise
1. the boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him_________.
a. not to b. not to do c. not do it d. do not to
2. it’s a fine day. let’s go fishing, ________?
a. won’t we b. will we c. don’t we d. shall we
3. be sure to write to us, _______?
a. will you b. aren’t you c. can you d. mustn’t you
4. how about the two of us ________a walk down the garden?
a. to take b. take c. taking d. to be taking
5.-i usually go there by train.
-why not _______by boat for a change?
a. to try going b. trying to go c. to try and go d. try going
6.-alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?
-i ______, but i had an unexpected visitor.
a. had b. would c. was going to d. did
7. -could i borrow your dictionary?
-yes, of course you ________. (1992met)
a. might b. will c. can d. should
8. -don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
-__________. (1994 nmet)
a. i don’t b. i won’t c. i can’t d. i haven’t
keys: 1-5 adacd 6-8 ccb
step 4: consolidation
i. multiple choice
1. ＿＿＿＿＿ for your brother, i would not have gone to see mr. wang.
a. if it is not b. were it not c. had it not been d. if they were not
2. - i’d like to have a piece of bread and two eggs.
- anything ＿＿＿＿＿?
a. following b. follows c. to follow d. to be followed
3. he suggested that the work ＿＿＿＿＿ at once.
a. be done b. should do c. could do d. does
4. it’s a fine day. let’s go swimming, ＿＿＿＿＿?
a. won’t we b. will you c. don’t we d. shall we
5. be sure to be here early tomorrow, ＿＿＿＿＿?
a. will you b. aren’t you c. can you d. could you
6. father advised me not to say anything until＿＿＿＿＿ at the meeting.
a. asking b. to ask c. asked d. ask
7. we will have a meeting next week, but we don’t know ＿＿＿＿＿.
a. who b. where c. as d. which
8. though the little boy is often made ＿＿＿by his brother, he made his brother ＿＿＿yesterday.
a. cry; to cry b. crying; crying c. cry; cry d. to cry; cry
9. - i’ll go to korea to watch the 14th asian games. would you mind looking after my dog?
- not all. ＿＿＿＿＿.
a. i can’t b. please don’t c. i’d like it d. i’d be happy to
10. - do you think jack is going to watch a football match this weekend?
- ＿＿＿＿＿.
a. i believe not b. i believe not so c. i don’t believe it d. i don’t believe
11. - what do you think made the girl so glad?
- ＿＿＿＿＿ a beautiful necklace.
a. as she received b. receiving c. received d. because of receiving
12. - aren’t you be chairman?
- no, and i ＿＿＿＿＿.
a. don’t want to b. don’t want c. don’t want to be d. don’t want be
13. you’re＿＿＿＿＿your time trying to persuade him. he’ll never join us.
a. spending b. wasting c. losing d. missing
14. - he promised to come to see you.
- but he ＿＿＿＿＿. i’ve been all alone.
a. didn’t b. wouldn’t c. hasn’t d. won’t
15. -- how about the number of students playing on the playground?
-- ＿＿＿＿＿.
a. small b. many c. little d. most
16. all substances, ＿＿＿＿＿ solids, liquids, or gases, are made up of entirely atoms.
a. whether they b. whether c. whether are they d. whether are
17. - have you watered the flowers?
- no, but ＿＿＿＿＿.
a. i am b. i’m going c. i’m just going to d. i will go
18. if you go to xi’an, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly＿＿＿.
a. supposing b. supposed c. to suppose d. suppose
19. if ＿＿＿＿＿ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well. a. giving b. give c. given d. being given
20. he broke his legs while ＿＿＿＿＿.
a. riding b. ride c. was riding d. rode
ii. translation
1. 我伯父的身体比我上次给你去信时好些了。
2. 这种物质称为水，其重要性仅次于氧。
3. 上海即使不是世界上最大的城市也堪称世界最大的城市之一。
4. 我的兄弟有时抽烟，而我不抽烟。
5. 一旦出版, 这部小说将成为今年的畅销书之一。
keys :
i. 1-5 ccada 6-10 cbdda 11-15 bcbca 16-20 bcbca
ii.
1. my uncle is better than when i wrote to.
2. this substance we call water, and come next only to oxygen．
3. shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world, if not the largest (city).
4. my brother smokes, but i don’t (smoke).
5. when published, the novel will become one of the best sellers of the year.
period 5
task ( making an exhibition board about a composer)
teaching aims:
1. to improve the students’ listening ,speaking and writing skills.
2. to collect facts and figure out opinions.
teaching procedures:
skills building 1: listening for facts about people
every one of you must have a good friend in your class. would you like to give your best friend a brief introduction? or would you like to talk about a famous person that you admire most?
what information do you want to know when we talk about people?
● dates (born/died)
● places (born/died)
● specific things done in their life
● detailed information (why they did so; who or what influenced them)
step 1: taking notes on famous composers p26
skills building 2: finding about people’s lives
1. to obtain more detailed information, what are we supposed to do when we already know a little about a topic? (asking questions.)
2. if you already know some general information about a famous composer, but you want to get more detailed information about him or her, what should you do? what information would you like to know about the famous composer’s life? one of the good ways to learn about people’s lives is to ask some questions.
3. read the guidelines and the eleven questions on page 28 and compare them with your own questions. then decide which questions can help you get more detailed information.
step 2: asking for further information
now, let’s use the skills we just learned to get further information. suppose you interview a member of the school music club.
1. work inspanidually to think up and write down as many questions as you can to find more detailed information. you can consult your notes on page 26.
2. work in pairs, one asks questions and the other answers these questions using the prompts. after that, i’d like you to present the questions and answers in front of the classroom.
skills building 3: writing someone’s life story
1. discussion:
when you write a person’s life story on an exhibition board, what should be included in it?
should the date and place of his or her birth and death, timeline of the things he or she did and people’s opinions on him or her be included? how will this information be organized?
how can you find the facts or get the timeline?
do you think it necessary to add a picture of the person you choose to write about?
2. read the guidelines in this part to find out the main things you should pay attention to when writing a life story.
step 3: writing the life story of a composer
now, let’s try to write a life story about a famous composer based on the information you have collected in step 1 and 2.
1. work in pairs: review the information you have listened to, the article you read about mozart on page 27 and the other information you read on page 28. discuss the following questions:
when and where was mozart born?
what style of music did he compose？
when did he write his first piece of music?
what famous works did he write?
when and where did he die?
2. let’s use the information that you gathered in steps 1 and 2 to write the life story of a composer, referring to the questions in skills building 3. read the instructions in this part. before writing, you should think about what you should write in your articles.
possible example
the life of a famous composer wolfgang amadeus mozart
(1756-1791)
early years
born on 27 january 1756, in salzburg, austria, mozart showed remarkable talent in music. his father was a successful composer and served as his first musical tutor. at the age of five, mozart started writing classical music. he composed classical music and had his first piece of music published in 1764. he composed his first opera at the age of twelve in 1768.
achievements
some of the famous music that he wrote included:
the marriage of figaro, which he wrote for the vienna opera, one of the world’s best-known opera houses.
don giovanni, another successful opera he wrote in 1787.
the magic flute, written in 1791, just before he died later the same year.
family
in 1782, mozart married constanze weber, a young woman from germany.
period 6
project (making a web page)
teaching aims:
improve the students’ ability of practice.
important points & difficult points:
read the passage about the history of music from jazz to pop
language points in the text
teaching procedures:
step 1: lead-in
the project in this unit is designed to help you practise and use english by completing a project. you are first asked to read a magazine article about the development of pop music over the last one hundred years. you are expected to take this article as your sample and do some research on a singer or a band to make a web page. the purpose of this section is to help you use what you have learnt to finish a project by working together. during the course of the project, you will discuss which singer or band you will focus on, what you will include in the project and how you can organize your web page. in order to finish the project, you are expected to know how to cooperate and work together to complete each part.
step2: fsat reading
have you heard of the eagles? it’s a world-famous rock & roll band. let’s first enjoy their classic “hotel california”.
like most americans, and most bands formed in california, the eagles came from eslewhere. their brand of rocknroll was nurtured in the heartland, not on the fringes. early songs from “take it easy” to “desperado” were dubbed “country rock”. but, as the seventies rolled on, the eagles soared higher and wider. “best of my love” and “lyineyes” were rock and pop and country and the fans took them as their own.. the distance between the country and the city, the redneck and the hippie, narrowed. in the nineties, that gap would be forever closed by another generation of country rockers.
well, are you interested in pop music? would you like to know more about rock music? let’s read the passage and you’ll get more information.
step3: detailed reading
read the article and find out as much information as possible about western pop music. organize the outline of the article as follows:
early jazz
● jazz began in the usa.
● after world war i, jazz was the most popular type of music.
● it came from the folk songs of american black slaves.
● the trumpet was and still is one of the most important instruments used in jazz.
● louis armstrong is seen as one of the founding fathers of jazz.
● solo performance became an essential part of every jazz song.
from swing music to rock and roll
● swing music is a kind of jazz for dancing.
● it is faster than traditional jazz music.
● swing music was usually played in dance halls by ‘big bands’, including a pianist, a violinist and a bassist, as well as others.
● r﹠b is a kind of mixture of jazz and swing.
● r﹠b included both guitar and saxophone solos.
● r﹠b developed into what we know as rock and roll.
● big jon turner, a black american singer, is thought to be one of the pioneers of rock and roll.
● sam philips, a music promoter from memphis, tennessee, found that a white man named elvis presley could sing like a black man.
1960s pop music
● the beatles were the most popular rock and roll band of the 1960s.
● the beatles helped make western pop music popular around the world.
● wherever the beatles went, large numbers of fans would welcome them.
step4: task
read the article again. underline the key words, phrases or sentences about the development of pop music.
step5: discussion
1. work in groups to discuss how to research and what to research about a singer or a band.
2. work in pairs to discuss the questions in part b.
step6: homework
read part a on page 115 of the workbook.
●Project Reciting a poem 篇七
reading appreciating literature
step1: lead-in
let抯 enjoy a section of film. is it wonderful? do you know something about the film?
it抯 based on dickens抯 famous novel 揙liver twist? it抯 an example of classics. classics are the antiques of the literary world. in this unit, we抣l have the chance to get more information about classic literature.
resources
charles dickens was born on 7 february 1812 in portsmouth, england. he had a happy childhood after his family moved to chatham. at the age of 12, dickens had to leave school because his father was imprisoned for debt. the poverty and adversity dickens experienced as a child greatly influenced his later views on social reform. before his death on 9 june 1870, he wrote about 15 major novels and many short stories, most of which are famous for their surprising endings. if you want to learn more about this great novelist, you may visit the following website:
/kasv/nokol/
step 2: fast reading for general ideas
go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part a on page 2. just focus on and identify the information needed to answer these questions.
answers
a 1 classics are the antiques of the literary world including novels, plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were well written and received.
2 england抯 greatest writer.
3 seven years old.
step 3: detailed reading for important information
1. let抯 read the passage a second time and complete parts c1 and c2 on page 4.
answers
c1 1 because they think they are old-fashioned and boring, and have nothing to do with life today.
2 she doesn抰 think that they are old-fashioned or boring.
3 joe is a kind and simple man.
4 on his gravestone it reads, 態y his death, one of england抯 greatest writers is lost to the world.?br>5 a stranger.
6 because he thinks joe is not clever enough and far from being a well educated gentleman.
7 he learns that wealth does not buy happiness and that friends are more important than a fancy education.
8 an example of character development is the change in pip from being concerned only with money to seeing that money is not the most important thing in life.
c2 1 d 2 c 3 a 4 b 5 e
2. listen to the tape and try to complete part d and part e.
answers
d 1 c 2 d 3 e 4 a 5 g 6 f 7 h 8 b
e (1) authors (2) pip
(3) husband (4) england
(5) symbol (6) novel
(7) fortune (8) gentleman
(9) shallow (10) theme
3. read the text again and choose the best answers according to the text.
1. some people think that classics are old-fashioned because of the following statements except __________.
a. they were written a long time ago.
b. the language used in them is quite different from the language used today.
c. they are difficult for people to understand.
d. they can only be found in bookshops and libraries.
2. which of the following statements is wrong?
a. clueless, the award-wining film is based on charles dickens抯 novel.
b. the film based on great expectations was released in 1998.
c. at first, charles dickens published many novels in newspaper.
d. good classics are examples of great writing and wisdom.
3. when and where is great expectations set in?
a. in the usa in the 1800s. b. in england in the early 1800s.
c. in england in 1812.. d. in the usa in 1870.
keys: d a b
step 4: post-reading activities
1. pair work:
pay attention to the reading strategy of the article, focusing on the way the author tries to convince the reader to adopt a certain point of view. point out these places in the essay:
1. however, if this is true, why do we still find classics in bookshops and libraries?
2. why else would many films based on them be successful?
3. i do not think that these classic novels would be made into films if they had nothing to do with life today.
厖
2. let抯 come to part f. work in pairs and share your opinions with each other.
3. discussion: what makes a good persuasive essay?
in persuasive or argumentative writing, we try to convince others to agree with our facts, share our values, accept our argument and conclusions, and adopt our way of thinking.
elements toward building a good persuasive essay include
?establishing facts to support an argument
?clarifying relevant values for your audience (perspective)
?prioritizing, editing, and/or sequencing the facts and values in importance to build the argument
?forming and stating conclusions
?損ersuading?your audience that your conclusions are based upon the agreed-upon facts and shared values
?having the confidence to communicate your 損ersuasion?in writing
step 5: language points
vocabulary words classics, literary, received, wisdom, dust, work, chapter, harm, simple, tension, twist, plot, generous, fortune, abrupt, constant, reminder, shabby, shortcoming, shallow, prejudice, civil, bent, theme, wealth, fancy, settle, educated, acquaintance
useful expressions have something to do with, have a place, in the world, be based on, be made into, at a time, on stage, be set in, have a kind word to sb., a symbol of, set sb. free, before long, be kind to, in the early 1800s, be bent on
sentence patterns 1. they are novels, plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written and well received that people still read them today.
2. but joe is a kind and simple man, who would rather die than see any harm come to pip.
3. excited by his move to london, pip can hardly wait to begin his new life.
step 6: homework
1. read the text again and again. try to memorize the language points.
2. read the review of the famous novel les miserables in part b on page 105 of the workbook.
●Project Reciting a poem 篇八
m6u1
1有益于…
对…友善
擅长于…
2有幽默感
3取笑，拿…开玩笑
4没有作出回应
对…作出回应
5给某人留下印象
6为…而排队等候
插队
7做…毫无意义
8编造，补偿，弥补，和解，调停
9学术氛围
10对…来说是合适的
11走…道路，照…样子干，效仿他人
12当（成为）演员，登台演出
13想到，想起
14对…很热心，热衷于做…
15对…严厉的，粗暴的
16值得做
17接受，呈现，雇佣
18接下去，继续
19好像/ 似乎要做某事
20为…腾出地方，让出空间
21因…而生某人的气
22拥挤，挤满
23愚弄某人
24欺骗某人做…
25拆开，拆除
把…撕成两半
26突然大哭/ 大笑
27（生气，愤怒地）瞪着
28拿出，伸出
29一叠貌似官方的文件
30一种至关重要的娱乐形式
m6u2
1被打算用来做
2催促某人做…使赶紧做…
3意味着在…上取得成功
4达到一个目标
5与身体上的残疾做斗争
6在困难/古代时期
7受伤住院
8参加体操锦标赛
9一个专心致志的体操小将
10描述某人为…
某人被描述/形容为
11远离她的父母
12把自己投身于，献身于
13使她付出未来幸福为代价
以牺牲…为代价
14被急送至最好的医院
15处于良好的/低落的精神状态
16克服她的失落
17适应她的新生活
18学习新闻专业
19主持一个体育节目
20想积极的事情并保持乐观
21赢得全世界人们的同情和赞赏
22一个模范
23尽某人最大的努力做…
24羡慕或嫉妒某人/物
25选择，努力争取某事物
26对…满足/满意
27安排某人/物做某事
28信任，信奉
相信某人所说的话
29给某人分配某物
30停止赶某事
31对…感到厌倦/疲惫
因…而感到劳累
32回顾过去
33在某人的指导下
34比…更早，更前
35在校的黄金时期
36匆忙地，急切地
37在阳光下和朋友们玩耍
38照顾一切
39当还是一个无辜的孩子时
40享受某人的青春时代
41最生动幸福的记忆
42看到我在…上的成功
43独立于，不以来于
44与某人交流，把…传达给某人
45保证做某事
对某人保证
在保修期内
46帮助某人做某事
47做伴，一起
和某人一起
48作出某人自己的决定
49给某人做某事的动力
50有一份稳定的工作
m6u3
1搜集一些更多的信息
2做一份家作
3体验文化差异
4一直，至始至终
5然而用不同的口音
6在文化上的难以置信的差异
7无论何时说到这个话题
8对…有/没有/有些作用和影响
9庆祝…
10庆祝第一个丰收节
11加入聊天室
12在期末典礼上
13看到那人的反应
14在婚礼传统之间的相似点
15出错
16和…不同
17期望某人做某事
18说得更清楚些
19举行一个盛大的宴会
20参加婚礼招待会
21敲鼓
22习惯于做…
23用食指指
24努力适应做
25皇室的颜色
26脱掉鞋子
27和…一样
28该是某人做某事的时候了
29关机，下线
30合适的行为举止
31帮助某人某事
32毕竟
33做某事的好办法
34解除误会
35避免在交流上的错误
36放爆竹
37总的说来，归纳起来
38有…的习惯
养成做…的习惯
39表示同意
40充满了雄心壮志
41咨询医生
42占据时间，地方；从事
43分发，发出（气味，热），用完，耗尽
44应某人的请求
45请求某人干…
46延误，阻碍
47对…作出评论
48某一个学生
对…有把握
49和…有关
对…关心
50与…接触
使某人接触
与…保持/失去联系
与…取得联系
51与某人相互交往/合作/联系
与某物效果户作用/影响
52对某事物有力量,勇气,能力等;能胜任
53以某物交换他物，
以此物代替彼物
54靠勤奋创业或树名声等
将某物分割成份或片； 瓜分
55保密/隐藏
56决不可以，切莫
考虑到，顾及到
由于， 因为
57控制，支配
在某人能力所及的范围之内
58打猎，搜捕
m6u4
1．谈及（做）某事
2．查字典
3．担当（某一角色）
4．在……的保护下，在……管理下
5．除了，还有；远离，和……不在一起
6．提出，制定出；出发，动身；开始，着手
7．作为……的代表
8．只要
9．出故障；抛锚
10．处于混乱状态
11．死于心脏病
12．从一地到另一地
13．得到；抓住
14．让人想起……，提醒某人某事
15．提醒某人做某事
16．回想
17．产生变化，发生改变
18．感到荣幸地做某事
19．管理一家工厂
20．给某人动手术
21．缺乏……
22．因缺乏……
23．教育的匮乏
24．从各方面来说
25．面临困难
26．面对着，在……情况下
27．朝南
28．吸引某人的为注意力到……
29．以……为基础，建立在……基础之上
30．建立，成立
31．合作解决问题
32．在……的帮助下
33．正如你们所知道的
34．令人敬重的组织
35．一笔钱
36．幸运的话
37．争取实现八个目标
38．新鲜的饮用水
39．完成小学教育
40．可得到的；可接近的
41．目标做某事
42．改善生活标准
43．创造就业机会
41．筹钱
42．资助一个儿童
43．承担得起……的费用
44．由某人付费
45．在个人层面上
46．专心学习
47．故意地
48．怀着做某事的目的
49．被誉为……
50．因……而受到尊敬
51．被授予
52．被迫做某事
53．通过……方法
54．决不
55．使某人欣慰的是
56．推荐做某事
57．医疗保健
58．一片狼藉
59．语言障碍
60．局限于（做）某事
61．做有意义的事
62．从另一方面看事情
63. ……的收藏
m6u1
1有益于…
对…友善
擅长于…
2有幽默感
3取笑，拿…开玩笑
4没有作出回应
对…作出回应
5给某人留下印象
6为…而排队等候
插队
7做…毫无意义
8编造，补偿，弥补，和解，调停
9学术氛围
10对…来说是合适的
11走…道路，照…样子干，效仿他人
12当（成为）演员，登台演出
13想到，想起
14对…很热心，热衷于做…
15对…严厉的，粗暴的
16值得做
17接受，呈现，雇佣
18接下去，继续
19好像/ 似乎要做某事
20为…腾出地方，让出空间
21因…而生某人的气
22拥挤，挤满
23愚弄某人
24欺骗某人做…
25拆开，拆除
把…撕成两半
26突然大哭/ 大笑
27（生气，愤怒地）瞪着
28拿出，伸出
29一叠貌似官方的文件
30一种至关重要的娱乐形式
be good for
be good to
be good at
have a sense of humour
make fun of
make no response
in response to
make an impression on
queue up for sth.
jump the queue
there is no point/ sense in doing sth.
make up
academic atmosphere
be appropriate to/ for sth.
follow in the footsteps of sb.
be/ go on the stage
occur to sb./ come into one’s mind
be enthusiastic about (doing)sth.
be tough/ hard/ severe with
be worth doing/ be worthy to be done/ be worthy of being done/ 主+be worthwhile doing/ to do
take on
move on
as if to do
make room for sth.
be annoyed with sb.
be crowded with
make a fool of sb
fool sb into doing
tear down
tear sth in half/ two
burst into tears/ laughter
burst out crying/ laughing
glare at
hold out
a stack of official-looking papers
a vital form of entertainment
m6u2
1被打算用来做 be meant/ intended/ designed to do
2催促某人做…使赶紧做… rush sb. into doing sth.
3意味着在…上取得成功 mean achieving success in …
4达到一个目标 meet/ achieve/ reach a goal
5与身体上的残疾做斗争 struggle with a physical disability
6在困难/古代时期 in difficult/ ancient times
7受伤住院 be injured and in hospital
8参加体操锦标赛 compete in the gymnastics tournament
9一个专心致志的体操小将 a dedicated junior gymnast
10描述某人为… describe sb. as…
某人/物被描述/形容为 sth./ sb. be described as…
11远离她的父母 (live) apart from her parents
12把自己投身于，献身于 devote/ dedicate oneself to doing
13使她付出未来幸福为代价 cost her her future happiness
以牺牲…为代价 at the cost of (one’s life)
14被急送至最好的医院 be rushed to a top hospital
15处于良好的/低落的精神状态 be in good/ high/ low/ poor spirits
16克服她的失落 overcome her disappointment
17适应她的新生活 adapt to her new life
18学习新闻专业 study journalism
19主持一个体育节目 host a sports programme
20想积极的事情并保持乐观 think about positive things and stay optimistic
21赢得全世界人们的同情和赞赏 win the sympathy and admiration of people
across the world
22一个模范 a role model
23尽某人最大的努力做… try one’s hardest/ best to do
24羡慕或嫉妒某人/物 be jealous of
25选择，努力争取某事物 go for sth.
26对…满足 be content with
27安排某人/物做某事 arrange for sb./ sth. to do
28信任，信奉 believe in
相信某人所说的话 believe sb.
29给某人分配某物 allocate sth. to sb.
30停止赶某事 quit doing
31对…感到厌倦/疲惫 be tired of
因…而感到劳累 be tired from
精疲力竭 be tired out= be worn out
32回顾过去 look back (on sth.)
33在某人的指导下 be under sb’s guidance
34比…更早，更前 ahead of
35在校的黄金时期 golden days at school
36匆忙地，急切地 in a rush/ hurry
37在阳光下和朋友们玩耍 play in the sunshine with friends
38照顾一切 take care of everything
39当还是一个无辜的孩子时 as an innocent child
40享受某人的青春时代 enjoy one’s adolescence
41最生动幸福的记忆 the most vivid and happiest memories
42看到我自己在…上的成功 see myself successful in …
43独立于，不依赖于 be independent of
44与某人交流，把…传达给某人 communicate with sb./ communicate sth. to sb.
45保证做某事 guarantee to do
对某人保证 guarantee sb. sth.= guarantee sth. to sb.
在保修期内 be under guarantee
46帮助某人做某事 assist sb. in doing/ to do
47做伴，一起 for company
和某人一起 in company with
48作出某人自己的决定 make one’s own decision
49给某人做某事的动力 give sb. the motivation to do
50有一份稳定的工作 have a secure job
m6u3
1搜集一些更多的信息 accumulate some more information
2做一份家作 do a piece of homework
3体验文化差异 experience cultural difference
4一直，至始至终 all the time
5然而用不同的口音 although with different accents
6在文化上的难以置信的差异 unbelievable difference in culture
7无论何时说到这个话题 whenever it comes to this topic
8对…有/没有/有些作用和影响 make a/ no/ some difference to sb./ sth.
9庆祝… in celebration of
10庆祝第一个丰收节 celebrate the first harvest
11加入聊天室 join the chat room
12在期末典礼上 at the end-of-term ceremony
13看到那人的反应 see the person’s reaction
14在婚礼传统之间的相似点 there are similarities between wedding traditions
15出错 get things wrong
16和…不同 be different from
17期望某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth.
18说得更清楚些 to clarify
19举行一个盛大的宴会 have a huge banquet
20参加婚礼招待会 participate in a wedding reception
21敲鼓 play a drum
22习惯于做… be/ get used to doing
23用食指指 point with the first finger
24努力适应做 try to adjust to doing
25皇室的颜色 royal colour
26脱掉鞋子 take off one’s shoes
27和…一样 the same as
28该是某人做某事的时候了 it’s time for sb. to do sth.
29关机，下线 log off
30合适的行为举止 appropriate behavior
31母语 native language/ mother tongue
32毕竟 after all
33做某事的好办法 a good way to do sth.
34解除误会 clear up a misunderstanding
35避免在交流上的错误 avoid mistakes in communication
36放爆竹 set off firecrackers
37总的说来，归纳起来 in summary
38有…的习惯 be in the habit of doing
养成做…的习惯 fall/ get into the habit of doing
39表示同意 give one’s approval
40充满了雄心壮志 fill with ambition
41咨询医生 consult a doctor
42占据时间，地方；从事 take up
43分发，发出（气味，热），用完，耗尽 give out
44应某人的请求 at one’s request= at the request of sb.
45请求某人干… request sb. to do
46延误，阻碍 hold up
47对…作出评论 make remarks about sb./ on sth.
48某一个学生 a certain student= some student
对…有把握 be certain of/ about
49和…有关 be concerned with
对…关心 be concerned about
50与…接触 in / out of contact with
使某人接触 bring sb. into contact with
与…保持/失去联系 keep/ lose contact with
与…取得联系 make contact with
51与某人相互交往/合作/联系 interact with sb.
与某物相互作用/影响 interact with sth
52对某事物有力量,勇气,能力等;能胜任
53以某物交换他物， swap sth with sb
以此物代替彼物 swap (sb)/sth for sth swap sth over/ round
54靠勤奋创业或树名声等 carve sth out (for oneself)
将某物分割成份或片； 瓜分 carve sth up
55保密/隐藏 under wraps/secret
56决不可以，切莫 on no account / not on any account
考虑到，顾及到 take into account / take account of sth
由于， 因为 on account of sth
57控制，支配 have power over
在某人能力所及的范围之内 within one’s power
58打猎，搜捕 hunt for
m6u4
1．谈及（做）某事 refer to ( doing ) sth.
2．查字典 refer to / consult / turn to a dictionary
3．担当（某一角色） take on
4．在……的保护下，在……管理下 under the umbrella of
5．除了，还有；远离，和……不在一起 apart from
6．提出，制定出；出发，动身；开始，着手set out
7．作为……的代表 on behalf of
8．但愿，要是…就好了 if only
9．出故障；抛锚 break down
10．处于混乱状态 in chaos
11．死于心脏病 die from heart disease
12．从一地到另一地 from place to place
13．得到；抓住 get / catch hold of
14．让人想起……，提醒某人某事 remind sb. of sth.
15．提醒某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth.
16．回想 think back to / look back on
17．产生变化，发生改变 make a difference
18．感到荣幸地做某事 feel honored to do sth.
19．管理一家工厂 operate a factory
20．给某人动手术 operate on sb. / perform an operation on sb.
21．缺乏…… lack sth. / be lacking in sth.
22．因缺乏…… for lack of
23．教育的匮乏 lack of education
24．从各方面来说 from / in all aspects
25．面临困难 face difficulty / be faced with difficulty
26．面对着，在……情况下 in the face of
27．朝南 face ( to the ) south
28．吸引某人的为注意力到…… draw one’s attention to
29．以……为基础，建立在……基础之上 be based on
30．建立，成立 set up
31．合作解决问题 co-operate in solving problems
32．在……的帮助下 with the help of
33．正如你们所知道的， as you know,
34．令人敬重的组织 worthy organizations
35．一笔钱 a sum of money
36．幸运的话 with luck
37．争取实现八个目标 try and meet eight goals
38．新鲜的饮用水 fresh drinking water
39．完成小学教育 complete primary education
40．可得到的；可接近的 be accessible / available to
41．目标做某事 aim to do sth. / aim at doing sth.
42．改善生活标准 improve the living standards
43．创造就业机会 create employment opportunities
41．筹钱 raise money
42．资助一个儿童 sponsor a child
43．承担得起……的费用 afford the expense of
44．由某人付费 at one’s expense
45．在个人层面上 on inspanidual level
46．专心学习 concentrate on learning
47．故意地 on purpose
48．怀着做某事的目的 with the purpose / intention of doing sth.
49．被誉为…… be honored as
50．因……而受到尊敬 be honored for
51．被授予 be honored with
52．被迫做某事 be forced to do sth, .
53．通过……方法 by means of
54．决不 by no means
55．使某人欣慰的是 to one’s comfort
56．推荐做某事 recommend doing sth.
57．医疗保健 health care
58．一片狼藉 be in a mess
59．语言障碍 a language barrier
60．局限于（做）某事 be limited to doing
61．做有意义的事 do worthy things
62．从另一方面看事情 see things from another side
63. ……的收藏 a large collection of
●Project Reciting a poem 篇九
task writing a literary review
skills building 1: listening for key words
first, i’m going to read a paragraph aloud to you. after that, i’d like you to use your own words to summarize what i read. so please listen to me attentively, paying special attention to the emphasized key words.
just as a proverb says, life is filled with twists and turns. one cant gain any success if he or she never experiences difficulty or failure. in other words, trouble exists from beginning to end during our lifetime. students may fail in their exams, scientists may fail in their experiments, and players may be defeated in their matches.
discuss in pairs: while listening to a lecture or a news report, do you always have to pay attention to every word the speaker uses?
what do you think are the most important words to pay attention to? why do you think so?
read the guidelines in skills building 1 on page 10. try to give a speech, following the guidelines.
step 1: recognizing key words
1. suppose in your english class, your teacher is telling you how to write a literary review. now listen to this speech, trying to fill the table in part a on page 10.
2. listen to the tape again, and check the answers.
answers
a
paragraph 1
author, title, genre, setting
paragraph 2
plot, characters, character development
paragraph 3
themes, symbols
paragraph 4
personal opinion, rate of the story
3. what role do you think friendship plays in our daily life? now, let’s read a short story. after that, you may get a better understanding of friendship.
4. read the story again and then complete the table with the key words in the short story.
skills building 2: asking for and giving opinions
1. group work: discussion: how to ask for and give opinions?
what do you think of…?
how do you like/find…?
how do you feel about…?
do you think that…?
in my opinion,…
i think that…
as far as i’m concerned,…
personally,…
2. pair work: create a situation and make a dialogue, you’ll practice using the phrases you listed just now.
3. read the guidelines on page 12.
step 2: giving your opinion on a literary review
1. read the literary review of “the attic” on page 12. focus on the plot, characters and the theme of the story.
2. have a discussion about the five questions listed below the review. give your ideas freely.
3. acting: work in pairs, making a dialogue. one acts as the reporter and the other as the reader. try to use as many questions as possible.
skills building 3: writing a literary review
1. read the guidelines at the top of page 13. remember what should be included in a review.
2. work in groups of four to write an outline of a literary review.
step 3: writing your review
you are expected to write a literary review of “the home-made ball” based on the information you have collected in steps 1 and 2 and through this to practice the skills you have learnt in skills buildings 1, 2 and 3.
1. review the information you have collected and the main points you need to include in writing a review.
2. work in groups of four to write the review.
possible example
‘the home-made ball’ is a short story written by jerry johnson. the story is set in modern-day america.
the main character of ‘the home-made ball’ is a boy called kevin. kevin and mike are good friends who play soccer with their home-made ball every day, but when kevin gets new sneakers and a soccer ball, things change.
friendship is an important theme in this short story. the author, jerry johnson, uses the old and new things, like the old home-made ball and the new soccer ball, and the old bench and the new sneakers as symbols. the old things symbolize the most valuable thing, friendship, which needs to be cherished.
i think this story is really good and i give it a rating of four out of five.
language points of task
1…but mike had made a ball out of old socks.
make sth(制成品) out of sth（原材料） …是由…做成的
make sth（原材料）into sth(制成品) 把…做成…
…old socks had been made into a ball
make out 看得清：搞得懂
make up for sth.
no amount of money can make up for the death of a child.
this years good harvest will make up for last years bad one.
make ends meet
to have just enough money to pay for the things that you need 使收支平衡
i make so little money that i cannot make ends meet.
make a fool of sb. 捉弄
to trick someone or make them appear stupid in some way
2. have talent for (p11)
talent
n. [c or u] (someone who has) a natural ability to be good at sth., especially without being taught: 天赋
her talent for music showed at an early age.
his artistic talents were wasted in his boring job.
talented adj. a talented footballer/pianist
3. at the sight of (p11)
sight
n. [c or s or u] sth. that is in someones view: 景色
the flowers at the annual flower show were a beautiful sight.
you should always keep sight of your bags (= have them where you can see them) while youre at the airport.
i dare not let the children out of my sight (= go where i cannot see them) in this park.
the castle came into sight (= started to be able to be seen) as we went round a bend in the road.
i caught sight of (= saw for a moment) my former teacher while i was out shopping today, but she turned a corner and i lost sight of (= could no longer see) her.
4. let out a sad sigh (p11)
let out the secret=give away the secret
he let the air out of the balloon.
she let out a scream (= she made this noise).
5. up it flew, higher and higher, until it was a small dot in the sky. (p11) 它越飞越高，直到在空中变成一个小点。
here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away或以象声词等开头的句子用全部倒装，以表示强调。注意：代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。
完全倒装结构通常用于下列场合：
1). 用于there be 句型。例如：
there are many students in the classroom.
2). 用于“here (there, now, then)+ 不及物动词+主语 ”的句型中，或以out, in, up, down, away等副词开头的句子里，以表示强调。例如：
here comes the bus.
there goes the bell.
注：代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。例如：
here it is.
here he comes
. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时，也常常引起全部倒装。例如：
south of the city lies a big steel factory.
from the valley came a frightening sound.
3). 用于so, nor, neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容。原句的谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致。例如：
he has been to beijing. so have i.
li wei can’t answer the question. neither can i.
6.p12 t he gravity of the situation led her to run away to ireland.
lead sb to do sth 导致某人干某事
what lead you to resign?
lead sb +prep. (doing) sth带领，领导某人干某事
he led us though the forest.
lead a simple life 过着简朴的生活
● project reciting a poem
part a: reading
at the beginning of this period, let’s enjoy an english poem:….
look at the screen and listen to the tape, trying to grasp the theme of the poem.
it’s a romantic poem. as we all know, romantic themes tend to be emotional. today, we’ll read and later recite a romantic poem about love by robert burns a red, red rose. let’s come to the reading part of project.
1. read the report on the poetry of robert burns, skim for the main idea of this article and tell how it is organized.
paragraphs 1-4 introduction of robert burns
paragraphs 5-7 some information about a movement of poets called the romantic movement
paragraphs 8-9 the poem ‘a red, red rose’ with its introduction and explanation
2. pair work: rearrange the events in the order of time. fill in the following table:
time event
1750 the romantic movement started.
1759 robert burns was born.
1794 the poem ‘a red, red rose’ was published.
1796 robert burns died at the age of 37.
1870 the romantic movement ended.
1877 the monument to burns was first publicly exhibited.
3. read the article for a third time to get more information about this report, and then fill in the following table about robert burns.
year of birth place of birth year of death family status
1759 alloway, scotland 1796 poor
his first love name nelly kirkpatrick
effect on him encouraged him to start writing poetry
main works ‘to a mouse’; ‘the holy fair’; ‘a red, red rose’
the movement
of poets name of the movement romantic movement
representative poets john keats; william wordsworth; robert burns
features romantic themes tend to be more emotional.
the poems are always about love, dreams or nature.
the way people
memorize him *all of scotland mourned his death, and afterwards many people donated money to support his widow and children. the monument to him was first publicly exhibited in 1877 and about 30,000 people attended the first exhibition.
*the house in alloway, where burns was born, is now a museum of his life and work.
4. read and recite the poem a red, red rose, trying to understand the meaning of the poem.
part b
1. group work: discuss the eight questions in part b. then prepare your project.
2. present your project.
language points of project
1. after his first book of poetry was published, he transformed and became famous nationwide overnight. (p14) 在他的第一本诗集出版后，他的生活发生了变化，一夜之间全国闻名。
overnight
adj., adv. 1) for or during the night: 一夜之间
an overnight stop in paris
you can stay overnight if you want to.
dont forget to pack an overnight bag (= a bag for things that you need when you stay away from home for a night).
2) suddenly and unexpectedly: 突然,出乎意料的
she became a star overnight.
the book was an overnight success.
2. a hard life and a weak constitution shortened robert burns’s life. (p14)
艰辛的生活和虚弱的体质缩短了彭斯的生命。
shorten
v. [i or t] to become shorter or to make sth. shorter: (使)变短
as you grow older, your spine shortens by about an inch.
ive asked him to shorten my grey trousers.
the name” kathren is often shortened to katel.
to 属于，无被动态,无进行时
the house belongs to his parents.
belonging to the developing country, china needs greater improvement in economy.
4．romantic themes tend to be more emotional 主题更加趋向于情感化
tend to do“易于，往往会”
women tend to live longer than men.
children tend to listen to their parents .but when they grow into teens ,they would more ofen turn to their friends for advice.
tend to +n. 照顾
we hired a girl to tend to the children for a few hours each day.
intend/mean to do sth 意欲干某事
sth be intended to do 某物被用来干…
do you intend to make a long stay here?
public advertisements intended(which are intended) to educate people are of great value.
●Project Reciting a poem 篇十
step1: lead in
1. do you know some famous works of the chinese literature?
2. what about the foreign literature?
3. who is the author of the great expectations?
step 2: background information of charles dickens.
resources
charles dickens was born on 7 february 1812 in portsmouth, england. he had a happy childhood after his family moved to chatham. at the age of 12, dickens had to leave school because his father was imprisoned for debt. the poverty and adversity dickens experienced as a child greatly influenced his later views on social reform. before his death on 9 june 1870, he wrote about 15 major novels and many short stories, most of which are famous for their surprising endings. if you want to learn more about this great novelist, you may visit the following website:
/kasv/nokol/
step 3: fast reading for general ideas
go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part a on page 2. just focus on and identify the information needed to answer these questions.
step 4: detailed reading for important information
let’s read the passage a second time and complete answer the questions.
1. some people think that classics are old-fashioned because of the following statements except __________.
a. they were written a long time ago.
b. the language used in them is quite different from the language used today.
c. they are difficult for people to understand.
d. they can only be found in bookshops and libraries.
2. which of the following statements is wrong?
a. clueless, the award-wining film is based on charles dickens’s novel.
b. the film based on great expectations was released in .
c. at first, charles dickens published many novels in newspaper.
d. good classics are examples of great writing and wisdom.
3. when and where is great expectations set in?
a. in the usa in the 1800s. b. in england in the early 1800s.
c. in england in 1812.. d. in the usa in 1870.
4. what is /are the theme(s) in great expectations?
a. wealth does not buy happiness.
b. what it means to be a gentleman.
c. friends are more important than a fancy education.
d. all of the above.
5. according to the author, classic literature_____.
a. is old-fashioned and boring
b. has nothing to do with life today
c. is novels that can be made into films
d. still has a place in today’s world
6. what is the author’s intention in writing the article?
a. she tries to convince us to adopt a new point of view towards classics.
b. she asks us to reconsider our ideas about the films based on classics.
c. she tells us that classics are the antiques of the literary world.
d. she suggests that there are enough classics in bookshops and libraries.
step 5: post-reading activities
.please fill in the blanks.
charles dickens
(lived from_______ to ______): born in ________; is considered as __________________. his best-known works such as ___________, __________________,________________,_____________.
about great expectations
the symbol:____ meaning:_________________
the theme:______________________________ wealth and friendship
background/setting:_________________________
character development of pip:
at 7:_______________________________
at 18:______________________________
in london: developed _________________________________________;hoped to be a gentleman and __________________
at the end: understood that wealth does not buy happiness and friends are __________________________
step 6: reading strategy
discussion: what makes a good persuasive essay?
分词练习
1. there was a terrible noise _____the sudden burst of light .
a. followed b. following c. to be followed d. being followed
2. the first textbooks ____for teaching english as a foreign language came out in the 16th century .
a. having written b. to be written c. being written d. written
3. the next morning she found the man _____in bed dead .
a. lying b. lie c. lay d. laying
4. what’s the language ______ in germany .
a. speaking b. spoken c. be spoken d. to speak
5. she’s upstairs______ letters .
a. writes b. is writing c. write d. writing
6. most of the articles _____ to the party were from south africa .
a. invited b. to invite c. being invited d. had been invited
computer center , ____ last year , is very popular among the students in this school .
a. open b. opening c. having opened d. opened
speaker raised her voice but still couldn’t make herself ____.
a. hear b. being hearing c. to hear d. heard
salesman scolded the girl caught ______ and let her off .
a. to have stolen b. to be stealing c. to steal d. stealing
set out soon after dark____ home an hour later .
a. arriving b. to arrived c. having arrived d. and arrived
trees , flowers and grass _____ everywhere , my native town had taken on a new look .
a. planting b. planted c. to plant d. to be planted
will find the word “psychology” ____under “ p” in your dictionary .
a. have listed b. list c. listed d. listing
the past few years , we have had thousands of trees_____ around our school .
a. plant b. plantedc. planting d. being planted
this the recorder you want_____?
a. to have repaired b. to repair it c. to have it repaired d. it repaired
was glad to see her child well____ care of .
b. to be taken c. taken d. taking
result of the entrance exams was not made______ to the public until last thursday .
a. knowing b. known c. to know d. be known
found them___ at a table ____.
…to play chess g…to play chess c. seated…playing chess d. seat…playing chess
18.i can make you _____ what i say , but you can’t make yourself ____ in english .
a. understand… undertstand b. understand….understood
c. to understand…understand d. understand… to be understood
girl asked him not to leave the door_____.
a. to close b. closed c. to be closed g
20.i have often heard the “abc song”_____, but i have never heard alice_____ it .
a. to be sung b. being sung…sang c. sung…sing d. sang…singing
rushed out in a hurry, ____ the door____ .
a. leaving …unlocked b. leaving…unlocking c. left…unlocked d. to leave …unlocking
she came to england , she had never heard a simple english word____.
a. speaking b. spoken c. to speak d. speak
23.____poor at english , i’m afraid i can’t make myself___.
a. to be…understand b. i’m …to understand c. being…understanding d. being…understood .
24.i have had my bike_____ , and i’m going to have somebody______ my radio tomorrow .
a. repair… to repair b. repairing…to be repaired
c. repaired…repair d. to repaire…repairing
25.---- who are you going to have_____ this letter for you ?
----- my secretary .
a. type b. typed c. been typed d. been typing
26.____ the room , the nurse found the tape recorder_____ .
a. entering…stealing b. having entered…to be stolen
c. to have entered…being stolen d. entering…gone
his wife returned ,the husband noticed her hair____short .
a. cutting b. to be cut c. being cut d. cut
2 students are told to have their homework _____ in before tomorrow afternoon .
a. hand b. to hand c. handed d. handing
29. we are pleased to see the problem_____ so quickly .
d b. settling c. be settled d. having been settled
30.i could feel the wind_____ on my face from an open window .
a. to blow b. blowing c. to be blowing d. blown
答案：1---5 ：b d a b d 6---10 : a d d d d 11---15 : b c b a c
16---20: b c b b c 21.---25 : a b d c a 26---30 : b d c a b
1. the house on fire, he dialed 119.
see seen ing seen
2.i fell down and broke three of my teeth. i wonder how many times i have to come here and get my false teeth .
fix
to listen to her voice. its to hear her sing.
d; pleasing; pleasure d; pleasant; a pleasure
ng; pleased; a pleasure ng; pleasant; pleasure
4. a post office, i stopped some stamps.
, buying g, to buy
passed, buy , to buy
5. with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
ing compare ed compared
are some new computer programs for home buildings. ing ed design
7. a little money, jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp. save saved
teacher came into the classroom by his students.
ing be following ed followed.
the money , he couldnt buy any ticket.
lose lost
re was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldnt make mself______. heard g d
result of the test was rather .
ointed ointing disappointed oint
never heard the word in spoken english.
13. how to do the homework, i went to ask my teacher for help.
to know knowing g not known
, i thanked her again and again.
moving be moved
winter on, its time to buy warm clothes.
16.______ the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.
shown g shown been shown
went from door to door, waste papers and magazines.
ing ed ing gathered
student corrected his paper carefully, the professors suggestions.
ing ed ing followed
in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.
live
foreigner tried his best, but he still couldnt make his point .
tand tanding understand tood
scientists were waiting to see the problem .
d settle ng
ground is with leaves.
ng, falling d, falling
d, fallen ng, fallen
s easily were soon forgotten.
learn d ng
wallet several days ago was found in the dustbin outside the building.
, hidden ng, hiding ng, hidden , hiding
25.a person a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language all about his own.
learn, to forget ng, to forget
learn, forgetting ng, forgetting
26. different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their quality.
produce produced ed produced
2 students in the university are all taking courses a degree. to to g to g to
things impossible in the past are very common today.
er ering ered considered
29. many times, he still couldnt understand.
been told told having been told g
is one of the largest countries in the world, 9.6 million square (平方)kilometres.
cover d ng
31.“we must keep a secret of the things here”, the general said, at the man in charge of the imformation office.
sed, stared seriously discussed, seriously staring
be discussed, seriously stared sed, stared
visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, that he had enjoyed his stay here.
added add
33. the composition, john handed it to the teacher and went out of the room. g written n ing written
you when you saw that wild animal?
ening ened en
ly with numbers, the books can be easily found.
mark g
this moment the bell rang the end of class.
ce cing ced announce
walked down the hills, softly to himself.
g sing
38.i had to shout to make myself above the noise.
g hear
graduating students are busy material for their reports.
t collect ted ting
cars in beijing are as good as those in shanghai.
e, produce ed, produced
ed, producing ing, producing
i came in, i saw dr. li a patient.
e ing examine ed
42.① a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly.
② a satisfactory operation, the doctor believed the patient would recover from his illness very soon.
been given given ing given
wrote a letter to me that his trip to japan had been put off because of the bad weather.
ing said
ⅱ.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空
caught the student (cheat) in exams.
i got there, i found him (repair) farm tools.
i got there, i found the farm tools . (repair)
then he heard someone (call) for help.
worked so hard that he got his pay . (raise)
missing boys were last seen (play) near the river.
7. (compare) with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful.
workers had the machines (run) all night long to finish the work on time.
in the south have their houses (make of ) bamboo.
10. (lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
ⅲ.改写下列句子,其划线部分应改为分词短语
1. look round when you cross the street.
2. when she heard the news, she burst into laughter.
3. as she was still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long.
4. gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced to each other.
5. a cold rain was falling. it was mixed with snow.
6. while we were walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.
7. the old man walked slowly. he was supported by his little grandson.
8. the ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful.
9. there is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave.
10. the worker wrote to the police and disclosed who stole the money.
参考答案
ⅰ、1.b 2.c 3.b 4.b 5.c 6.c 7.d 8.c 9.c 10.c
11.b 12.b 13.b 14.b 15.d 16.d 17.a 18.b 20.d
21.d 22.b 23.c 25.c 26.a 27.d 28.d 29.c 30.c
31.a 33.d 34.b 35.c 37.b 38.c 39.a 41.b 42.b 43.c 44.d 45.b 46.b 47.a 48.b 49.b
ⅱ、1. cheating ing ed g
g ed g
of
ⅲ、 round when crossing the street.
g the news, she burst into laughter.
still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long.
men always shake hands when introduced to each other.
5.a cold rain was falling, mixed with snow.
walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.
old man walked slowly, supported by his little grandson.
ground covered with white snow looks very beautiful.
is a tall tree covering the entrance to the cave.
worker wrote to the police disclosing who stole the money.
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.分，共20分）
ban the band (乐队)？
every year, our school has a dance for all the students. it’s a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colourful 36 , instead of the usual school uniform.
most of us think the dance is great 37 , - even the teachers enjoy being there. _38 , two weeks ago someone said that there would be no 39 band this year - only cds.
“i don’t 40 it!” amy cried out during the lunch break.
“someone said the school couldn’t 41 a band, and they think it’s too noisy anyway,” added daniel.
“well, i don’t think it’s 42 enough without a band!” declared angela, “and i’m going to see what can be done.”
angela was as good as her 43 . in the afternoon she went to see the school headmaster who agreed to give the 44 some more thought. and he suggested that one _45 for having a band was to increase the price of each ticket from $5 to $10. angela had to 46 out whether the students would like to do that.
“i need all of you to help me,” she 47 on our group before school the next day. “mr. berry gave me a list of all the names, and suggested we ask each one their 48 about the band and the extra cost.”
36-55: bacbd cadba bdcdc abacd
_49 the day we asked around as angela suggested, and wrote down people’s feelings about the band and the cost. we were amazed how much 50 there was for the band and everyone agreed to pay the extra $5.
“i’m surprised,” smiled mr. berry, when we gave him the 51 . “i really thought that only a few people 52 their band and that the cost would be too high. ok, angela, your next 53 is to find a good band and line them up for the dance.”
angela was all smiles and 54 the news to amy and daniel. “you’re 55 ,” smiled daniel to angela as he thought how close they came to having a less than perfect dance.
36. a. shapes b. dresses c. flowers d. pictures
37. a. fun b. work c. effort d. progress
38. a. besides b. otherwise c. however d. therefore
39. a. new b. live c. foreign d. marching
40. a. mean b. need c. accept d. believe
41. a. lead b. serve c. afford d. form
42. a. good b. clear c. useful d. easy
43. a. look b. behavior c. mind d. word
44. a. schedule b. situation c. view d. action
45. a. possibility b. concern c. decision d. chance
46. a. call b. find c. carry d. point
47. a. admitted b. replied c. apologized d. announced
48. a. knowledge b. instruction c. opinion d. information
49. a. on b. for c. by d. during
50. a. trust b. money c. support d. care
51. a. results b. notices c. questions d. examples
52. a. welcomed b. wanted c. defended d. invited
53. a. task b. business c. exercise d. duty
54. a. showed b. wrote c. broke d. read
55. a. amusing b. interesting b. exciting d. amazing
karen, grown up in a very traditional family in the western united states, maintained high moral (道德的) standards throughout her youth.. in 1984, at the age of 23, she married bill. they were blessed with two children, a boy and a girl.
by 1991 their love had deepened, and they were happy. later that year, bill developed a white spot on his tongue. he visited a doctor.
one day shortly after that, bill called karen to sit beside him. he said with tears in his eyes that he loved her and wanted to live forever with her. the doctor suspected that he had been infected with hiv, the virus that leads to aids.
the family was tested. bill and karen’s results were positive. bill had become infected before he met karen; then he passed the virus on to karen. the children’s results were negative. within three years, bill was dead. “i don’t know how to express what it is like to watch the once handsome man you love and intend to live with forever dying slowly. i cried many nights. he died three months short of ten years of our marriage,” says karen. though a doctor told karen that she would soon follow her husband into death, she is still alive. the infection has progressed to the early stages of aids.
karen is but one of about 30 million people now living with hiv/aids, a figure larger than the combined populations of australia, ireland and paraguay. according to one un report, africa has 21 million of these victims. by the turn of the century that number could reach 40 million and the disease will bring on the greatest disaster in human history. of the world’s sexually active adults aged 15 to 49, 1 in 100 has already been infected with hiv. of these, only 1 in 10 realizes that he or she is infected. in some parts of africa, 25 percent of the adults are infected.
since the beginning of the spread of aids in 1981, about 11.7 million people have died of it. it is roughly calculated that in alone, about 2,3 million people died of it. nevertheless, there are fresh reasons for optimism in the battle against aids. during the past few years, there has been a drop in new aids cases in wealthy nations. in addition, promising drugs hold out hope of better health and longer life.
61. by telling the story of karen, the author intends to .
a. warn people against high risk behaviors b. stress the importance of medical tests
c. express sympathy for aids victims d. show the consequences of aids
62. the underlined part in paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”.
a. were lucky in having b. were asked to adopt
c. regretted having d. gave birth to
63. bill was suspected of being infected with hiv after .
a. he got married to karen
b. the family members were tested
c. karen persuaded him to see the doctor
d. he found something wrong with his tongue
64. it can be concluded from the passage that .
a. promising drugs will soon stop aids
b. the spread of aids could be controlled
c. it is hopeless to win the battle against aids
d. the death rate of aids patients has been reduced
dadb
almost every child is scared of something, from monsters in the cupboard to dogs in the park. but the fact that such fears are common and normal doesn’t mean they can be taken lightly. kids experience fears and phobias (恐惧症) much more strongly than adults. and the influence of the fear can be physical as well as psychological (心理的). it can build up so they almost seem scared of everything - a kind of childhood anxiety. dr. creswell says: “your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge.” so don’t make the same old mistake of treating them as if they’re silly for being a “scaredy cat”. handling the fears is essential.
children can be born nervous and., if you have such a baby, you’ll tend to prevent them from getting worried. so if they fear dogs, you’ll keep them away from dogs, but in fact that can just confirm to the child that dogs are scary. what is worse, keeping your child away from what they fear can turn that feeling into a phobia. instead, you should encourage them to get in touch with the thing they fear, in a safe and supportive environment. dr. andy field, a researcher of childhood fears, says: “you shouldn’t force, for example, a dog anxious child to go up to a dog. but you can approach it yourself, show them there is nothing to be afraid of, stroke (抚摸) it, and talk about the dog being friendly. once your child dares to stroke a dog - one that’s good with children, of course - then you should encourage them to carry on until they feel calmer, and reward them for ‘being brave’.”
69. children’s fears are usually taken lightly because .
a. they will not develop into phobias b. their influence is psychological
c. they exist widely in the world d. they will disappear gradually
70. if we fail to help children to overcome fears, they will .
a. make the same old mistake b. overcome them by themselves
c. experience the worst of things d. grow up lacking self-confidence
71. according to dr. andy field, if a child is afraid of a cat, parents should .
a. tell the child not to be afraid of it b. show the child how to approach it
c. keep the child away from it d. ask the child to stroke it
cd b
●Project Reciting a poem 篇十一
inversion
teaching aims and requirements
1. help students to learn the definition of inversion and when to use the inversion.
2. students are expected to apply what they have learnt to practical use by finishing relevant exercises.
teaching procedure
step 1 general introduction
1. give some examples of inversion to show what inversion is.
did you go to visit the louvre?
seldom does he paint now.
he did not like the painting. neither did i.
note: inversion is the changing of the order of the words in the sentence. we put the predicate or part of it before the subject, when we use inversion.
step2 explanation
倒装句（inversion）
一、 定义
英语句子的自然语序是主语+谓语。为了强调句中的某一部分把原来的语序重新调整，通常将谓语或谓语的一部分置于主语前。
二、 倒装类型
1. local negation
1) in a question
did you go to visit the louvre museum?
what do you know about van gogh?
2) when the sentence begins with a negative word or phrase such as never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, not, nowhere, scarcely, not until, by no means, in no time, under no circumstance, no sooner…than…, hardly… when…, not only…, neither
i can’t swim; neither can he.
little does he care about others.
never shall i forget the day when i met mr. wang in the countryside.
at no time is smoking permitted in the meeting room.
hardly had he got into the room when the telephone rang.
not a mistake did he make.
no sooner had i got home than it began to rain.
not until then did he realize his own fault.
3) when only is used to modify an adverbial (clause) and put at the beginning of a sentence.
only in this way can you solve the problem.
only when he told me did i realize what trouble he was in.
note: inversion should not be used when only modifies the subject.
only he can solve the problem.
4) when the sentence begins with so/such.( which introduces an adverbial clause of result)
so angry was he that he couldn’t speak.
such a lovely girl is she that we all like her.
5) when the sentence begins with so, neither, nor.
he has been to beijing. so have i.
if you don’t go there tomorrow, neither / nor will/shall i.
---he works hard.
---so he does and so do you.
note: if a sentence has 2 or more predicates, we should use ‘it is/was the same with…’, or ‘so it is/was with…’
she is clever and always works hard. so it is with/it is the same with her brother.
6. when a sentence begins with ‘often, always, now and then, many a time’
many a time has she helped me with my experiments.
always does he ask me for money.
2. complete inversion
1) when the sentence begins with a direct speech or part of it.
“i’ll come back in three days,” said tom..
“what are you doing?” he asked (asked he).
“why didn’t you join us?” tom asked me.
2) when the subject is too long.
present at the meeting were many important persons.
gone are the days when women were looked down upon.
3) there be/ appear to be/ come/ happen to be/ lie/ live/ occur/ remain/ seem/ seem to be/ stand/ used to be…结构中
there appears to be no doubt about it.
there lies a lake near our city.
there seems little difference between the two words.
4) when the sentence begins with here, there, now, then, in, out, up, down,
away, off, thus, etc.
here comes the bus.
there goes the bell.
note:
1) if the subject is a pronoun, we can not use inversion.
here he comes.
2) simple present tense should be used with here, there, now
5) a sentence beginning with prepositional phrases.
on the top of the hill stands a temple.
at the end of the valley lies a small lake.
6) when such is used as predicative.
such were the facts.
such will be our future.
3 inversion can also be used in formal language to talk about unreal conditionals.
had it not been for the heavy rain, we would have finished the task.
were i you (= if i were you), i would go abroad.
should he come (=if he should come), please tell him to ring me up.
were it to rain tomorrow, i would stay at home.
4. in the sentences containing the conjunctions like though, as, however.
clever as he is, he doesn’t study well.
child as he is, he knows a lot.
try as she might, she failed.
however late he comes back home, his mother will wait for him.
5. when a sentence expresses good wishes.
may you succeed.
long live the friendship.
step 3 translate the following sentences.
1. 虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多。
child as he is, he knows a lot.
2. 只有用这种方式我们才能提高我们的英语水平。
only in this way can we improve our english.
3. 如果明天下雨的话，我们将不开会了。
were it to rain tomorrow, we wouldn’t have the meeting.
4. 我一回来就开始烧饭了。
hardly had i got back when i started cooking.
5. 直到他失去健康，他才意识到好的身体意味着什么。
not until he lost his health did he realize what good health meant.
step4 language points
one’s ankle 扭伤脚
a reservation 预定
reservation n [c] 预定,预约;保留意见
we have reservations in the name of smith.
they support the measures without reservation.
reserve v ~ sth (for sb/ sth) 预定;保留
i’d like to reserve a table for three.
these seats are reserved for special guests.这些座位是留给贵宾的。
book v 约定座位、房间、票等。 美国用reserve.
the performance is booked up.
the secretary has booked the manager in the hilton hotel.
order 主要指订货或餐馆点菜、饮料等。
i ordered a beer and a sandwich.
i have ordered some new furniture from the shop.
tic adj.
1) excellent 极好的
she is a fantastic swimmer.
2) very large巨大的；异乎寻常的
their wedding cost a fantastic amount of money.
3)wild and strange荒诞的
they made up a fantastic story.
step 5 practice
1. read part a on page41 and underline the inversions included in the text.
keys:
1) aunt really enjoyed france and so did i.
2) hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had forgotten our map in the room.
3) had you come with us, i think you would have enjoyed europe too.
4) is there anything special that i can bring you?
2. read part b and invert the sentences using the structures with the negative words..
keys:
1) never have i seen such beautiful flowers in the city.
2) neither do i have time to go to the museum today and nor do i want to.
3) hardly had i started to look at the paintings when the teacher said it was time to leave the museum.
4) the artist is always drawing; seldom is he seen without a notebook in his hand.
step 6 consolidation
1. finish workbook exercises,
2. some extra exercises on reference books.
homework
1. finish relevant exercises
2. finish c1 and c2 on page 118.
●Project Reciting a poem 篇十二
thoughts on the design:
project（项目学习）的根据宗旨是learn by doing“做中学”。通过阅读课本所提供的素材，使学生了解有关交通事故起因以及如何避免交通事故的措施，为写作做准备。写作由小组合作完成，组长明确每个成员的工作，教师提供适当的写作辅导，并鼓励各组将自己认为独特的经验加入到写作中，最后各组由一名成员展示成果，稍加评点。
teaching aims:
after this period learning, the students will be able to:
1. learn how to protect themselves from dangers on the roads;
2. write an action plan.
teaching procedures:
step 1 lead-in
1. show some pictures of traffic accidents and get students to know some statistics. (ppt 4-5)
how many people die in crashes on the worlds roads every year?
(1.3 million dead; a further 50 million injured)
in china, in , how many people died in traffic accidents and how many got wounded? (67,759 dead; 275,125 wounded)
in the first half of , how many people were killed and how many injured?
(27,270 dead; 116,982 injured)
2. watch a video clip and think what caused the traffic accident. (drunk driving) (ppt 6)
3. show some pictures of senses of traffic accidents to show that besides drivers, cyclists and pedestrians also are responsible for road accidents. therefore, we all should raise our awareness of road safety. (ppt 7)
step 2 reading
1. read the passage and answer some questions. (ppt 8-9)
1) for what purpose is the notice written? why?
2) what are some major causes of road accidents related to drivers, cyclists and pedestrians?
encourage students to find more causes of accidents.
2. read again and complete the following notes: (ppt 10-13)
in order to prevent accidents,
drivers should …
cyclists should …
pedestrians should …
encourage students to find more ways to avoid accidents.
step 3 writing an action plan
1. planning (ppt 14 +worksheet)
1) spanide students into groups of 4, assigning one of them group leader.
2) the leader assigns different jobs to each member.
2. brainstorming (ppt 15+worksheet)
1) discuss what students could do to help prevent traffic accidents. encourage students to find new ideas.
2) show students how certain sentence patterns to put these items into their action plan.
3) tick the items which can be included in the action plan.
3. writing (ppt 16 +worksheet)
1) give a brief guide how to arrange this action plan. give some expressions if needed.
2) write the action plan on the worksheet.
3) have it proofread.
4. presenting
one member of each group presents their action plan in class. others make brief comments and choose which one is the best.
[explanation]
写作由“brainstorming”开始，指导学生用课文材料中的素材用于写作，并鼓励学生根据自己的经验增加idea。指导学生如何将这些idea用于写作中，给一两个句式以帮助。接着对action plan作简单的结构介绍，并帮助学生搭好简单的框架，其余的由学生小组合作完成。写作部分注意worksheet的同步使用。
worksheet unit 4 module 7 projectgroup _____
group leader _______ note-making ___________ writing ________ presenting _________
i. group discussion:
what could students do to help prevent traffic accidents?
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.
ii. tick the items which can be included in the action plan.
iii. write the action plan.
how students prevent themselves from danger on the road?
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●Project Reciting a poem 篇十三
module6 unit2 what is happiness to you -project
一、 t or f :
( )1. he thinks the happiest of his life were the college days in the countryside in england.
( )2. he was so eager to grow up that he had a lot to worry about when he was young.
( )3. in the writer’s opinion, health plays an important role in a person’s happy life.
( )4. he can stay cheerful because he can still play sport when he was getting old.
二、 answer the questions:
q1: what will guarantee people’s health and happiness in the future?
a1:
q2: in the future it will take less time to do housework and we will be able to have more time to enjoy staying together with your family. why?
a2:
q3: what else makes the author think that she will enjoy a happy life in the future?
a3:
三、language points
back on (upon) / look back to 回顾；回首（往事）；回忆
my grandparents often look back on their bitter life in the old society.
__________________________________________________________________
知识链接：
look up 向上看；尊敬，仰视； 好 转（尤用于市场上表示价格上升、 市场活跃）；（在词典、参考书等中）查寻
look down 向下看，俯视；
look down on /upon sb 看不起某人，轻视某人
look for ____________
look forward to _________________
look into _______________________
2. ahead of
1) (时间、空间)在…前面
there is a bright future ahead of us.
2) 早于
i finished the work several days ahead of the deadline. ________________________________
3）领先
she was always well ahead of the rest of the class.____________________________________
have done
1）“本来可以” 表示对过去可以但未实现的事
你的进步是可以更大一些的。(但事实上并没有取得更大的进步）
____________________________________________________.
2)“可能已经” 用于表示对过去某事的猜测。
where could he have gone? 他能到哪儿去了呢？
4. all i had to do was go to school and spend a few hours studying when i came home.
all i had to do was enjoy my adolescence.
这两句中的i had to do是定语从句，前省略了定语从句引导词that; 当主语中有do时，作表语的不定式可省略to。因此，完整的句子是：
all (that i had to do )was to go to… all that i had to do was to enjoy…
5. stay “保持，继续是” 作系动词，其后加形容词。
he never stays angry for long. ___________________________
the store stays open until late on thursdays.______________________________
i can’t stay awake any longer. ___________________________________
6. wish /hope
wish 希望（不大可能的事）发生；怀着（不可能实现的）愿望，后跟从句常用虚拟语气。
i wish i hadn’t eaten so much. 我倒希望我没吃那么多。
我要是个子高一些就好了。__________________________________
----where is he now? ----i only wish i___________!
他现在在哪儿？我要是知道就好了。
7. imagine “想象”
imagine sth; imagine (sb’s) doing sth; imagine sth to be; imagine that…
the house was just as she had imagined it.
i had imagined her to be older than that.
i can just imagine him saying that.
can you imagine what it must be like to lose your job?
8. guarantee n.保证书；保证； v. 保证
1) v.
guarantee sth; guarantee sb sth; guarantee to do sth; guarantee that …;
guarantee sb against/from loss;
buying a train ticket doesn’t guarantee you a seat.
i guarantee to pay off his debt.
the watch is guaranteed for two years.
the rain guarantees a good crop this year.
i can’t guarantee you the job.=i can’t guarantee that_______________________.
我不能保证你会得到这份工作
2) n. the new television had a guarantee with it. 这台新电视机有保修单
blue skies are not always a guarantee of fine weather.
________________________________________________
money is no guarantee of happiness.___________________________________
9. assist “帮助；协助；援助”
assist sb with sth; assist sb in doing sth; assist sb to do sth
we’ll do all we can to assist you. ________________________________
we’ll assist you in finding somewhere to live. _______________________________________
the course will assist adults to return to the labor market._____________________________
四、translate the following phrases. (20’)
1. meet/reach one’s goal 2. 获得成功
3. struggle with 4. 使某人振作起来
5. describe...as 6. 情绪好
7. cost . 8. 适应
9. be rushed to 10. 保持乐观
11. overcome one’s disappointment 12. 献身于
13. be tired of/ be bored with 14. 远离，除了
15. be / get frustrated 16. 鼓舞某人做某事
17. improve one’s grades 18. 在困难时期
19. feel caught between ... and ... 20. 回顾
五、单词拼写：
are greatly__________(鼓励) by his speech.
of ______________(专家), the hospital accepts hundreds of patients every day.
unexpected arrival threw us into total________________(混乱).
hold__________________(独立) celebrations year after year.
__________________(心理学家) dedication to his cause set us a good example.
pet dog always keeps me c_________ when i take a walk.
ing the coacher’s g___________, he succeeded accomplishing his aim.
came back c____________, so the interview must have been successful.
finishing the last word of the report, he sighed with c______________.
are still thousands of people suffering h_____________.
六、句子转换：
1. when people put their hearts and efforts into their work, they feel happy.
when people__________ ________ their work, they feel happy.
2. i hold the view that being positive in life brings happiness.
i ___________ _________ finding happiness by taking an active part in life.
3. the flooded areas are in great need of medicine.
there is _____ _______ ________ medicine in the flooded area.
4. in front of every freshman in a university lay four years of hard work.
______ _______ every freshman in a university lay four years of hard work.
5. we need to learn to deal with the problems that have influence on our life.
we need to learn to _______ the problems that _______ our life.
6. the practice doctor was very nervous when he helped the doctors prepare for the operation.
the practice doctor was very nervous when she _______ the doctors ______ the
preparations of the operations.
7. the man lost his job because of his rude behavior.
the man’s rude behavior ________ ________ _________ __________.
8. i spoke to her softly so that she wouldn’t be frightened.
i spoke to her softly ____ _____ ______ _____ frighten her.
七、动词填空：
1. the people injured______________(rush) to the nearest hospital immediately.
2. ___________(devote) to his cause, the gymnast feels happy and content.
3. with the severe injury in his back, he had great difficulty in __________(accomplish) the task.
4. the equipment_____________(adapt) so it can be used under water.
5. each of us _______________(allocate) our tasks.
6. he has a gift for music but he needs_____________(coach).
7. the goods in our shop _______________(guarantee) to be delivered within one day.
8. i have had everything __________(arrange) for the meeting.
9. the pair was almost more than he could __________(bear).
10. i have received your notice _____________(quit). i’m leaving in three days.
八、完成句子：
1． 她鼓励我们不要气馁而要乐观。
she encouraged us not to lose heart but ______ _______ _____________.
2． 通过逐步实现目标，我们可以找到幸福。
we can find happiness by __________ ____________ step by step.
3． 全社会都很关心失学儿童越来越多的问题。
the whole society ______ ________ _________ the problem that more and more are dropping out of school.
4． 到下个月底，所有洪水灾区的人们将重建家园。
by the end of next month, all the people in the flooded area_____ ______ _______ _______.
5． 与家人分开生活有助于我学会独立。
________ ______ ______ my family helps me learn to _____ ______________.
6． 使我们高兴的是他很快适应了国外的新生活。
to our delight he quickly _________ _________ _______ the new life abroad.
7． 正当我要放弃时，老师的出现给了我继续下去的动力。
i was on the point of giving up when my teacher appeared, which ________ _______ _____ ________ to carry on with the experiment.
1. the manager arranged them to finish the project _________ _______(提前) time.
2. come on! try to be more mature. can’t you _______ your own __________(做决定)?
3. i ________ ________(觉得) there was nothing i couldn’t do in my childhood.
4. his company’s bankruptcy was ________ ________(由于) bad management.
5. instead of ________ ________(为...哭泣) what she had lost and feeling hopeless, sang lan thought about what she could do to get better.
6. she is a timid girl and afraid of speaking _________ _________(在公共场合).
7. hearing about the speech competition, i was full of excitement and hoped to ________
_________(参加) it.
8. he made a better speech and i’m _________ _________(对...满意)second place, because i tried my hardest.
9. in the future, new technology will ________(允许) people ________ live longer.
10. thinking about his encouragement ________(给) me the _________(动力) to devote myself to the preparations for the exams.
九，单选
in my wildest dreams these people are living in such poor conditions．
a．i could imagine b．could i imagine c．i couldn’t imagine d．couldn’t i imagine
2.--- there is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.
-- my goodness! i can’t imagine _________ that old.
a. to be b. to have been c. being d. having been
grandma still treats me like a child. she can’t imagine ________ grown up.
a. my b. mine c. myself d. me
is difficult to imagine his ________ the decision without any consideration.
a. accept b. accepting c. to accept d. accepted
hard for him to imagine what i would be doing today if i ___ in love, at the age of seven, with the melinda cox library in my home town.
a. wouldnt have fallen b. had not fallen c. should fall d. were to fall
●Project Reciting a poem 篇十四
module6 unit2 what is happiness to you -project
一、 t or f :
( f )1. he thinks the happiest of his life were the college days in the countryside in england.
( f )2. he was so eager to grow up that he had a lot to worry about when he was young.
( t )3. in the writer’s opinion, health plays an important role in a person’s happy life.
( f )4. he can stay cheerful because he can still play sport when he was getting old.
二、 answer the questions:
q1: what will guarantee people’s health and happiness in the future?
a1: it is technology that will guarantee people’s health and happiness in the future.
q2: in the future it will take less time to do housework and we will be able to have more time to enjoy staying together with your family. why?
a2: because there will be automatic kitchens to cook instant meals for us in the future.
q3: what else makes the author think that she will enjoy a happy life in the future?
a3: that she will be an adult then makes her think she will enjoy a happy life in the future.
三、 language points
back on (upon) / look back to 回顾；回首（往事）；回忆
my grandparents often look back on their bitter life in the old society.
我的爷爷奶奶总是回忆他们在旧社会的痛苦生活。
知识链接：
look up 向上看；尊敬，仰视； 好 转（尤用于市场上表示价格上升、 市场活跃）；（在词典、参考书等中）查寻
look down 向下看，俯视；
look down on /upon sb 看不起某人，轻视某人
look for 寻找；期望；
look forward to 盼望
look into 调查
2. ahead of
1) (时间、空间)在…前面
there is a bright future ahead of us.
2) 早于
i finished the work several days ahead of the deadline.
我在最后期限的前几天完成了工作。
3）领先
she was always well ahead of the rest of the class.
她总是遥遥领先于班上的同学。
have done
1）“本来可以” 表示对过去可以但未实现的事
you could have made greater progress
你的进步是可以更大一些的。(但事实上并没有取得更大的进步）
2)“可能已经” 用于表示对过去某事的猜测。
where could he have gone?
他能到哪儿去了呢？
4. all i had to do was go to school and spend a few hours studying when i came home.
all i had to do was enjoy my adolescence.
这两句中的i had to do是定语从句，前省略了定语从句引导词that; 当主语中有do时，作表语的不定式可省略to。因此，完整的句子是：
all (that i had to do )was to go to… all that i had to do was to enjoy…
5. stay “保持，继续是” 作系动词，其后加形容词。
he never stays angry for long.
他生气时间从来不会长。
the store stays open until late on- thursdays.
i can’t stay awake any longer.
6. wish /hope
wish 希望（不大可能的事）发生；怀着（不可能实现的）愿望，后跟从句常用虚拟语气。
i wish i hadn’t eaten so much. 我倒希望我没吃那么多。
i wish i were taller. 我要是个子高一些就好了
----where is he now?
----i only wish i knew!
他现在在哪儿？我要是知道就好了。
7. imagine “想象”
imagine sth;
imagine (sb’s) doing sth;
imagine sth to be;
imagine that…
the house was just as she had imagined it.
i had imagined her to be older than that.
i can just imagine him saying that.
can you imagine what it must be like to lose your job?
8. guarantee n.保证书；保证；
v. 保证
1) v.
guarantee sth;
guarantee sb sth;
guarantee to do sth;
guarantee that …;
guarantee sb against/from loss;
buying a train ticket doesn’t guarantee you a seat.
i guarantee to pay off his debt.
the watch is guaranteed for two years.
the rain guarantees a good crop this year.
i can’t guarantee you the job.= i can’t guarantee that you’ll get the job.
我不能保证你会得到这份工作。
2) n. the new television had a guarantee with it. 这台新电视机有保修单
blue skies are not always a guarantee of fine weather.
蓝天不能总是保证好天气。
money is no guarantee of happiness.
金钱并不保证一定幸福。
9. assist “帮助；协助；援助”
assist sb with sth;
assist sb in doing sth;
assist sb to do sth
we’ll do all we can to assist you.
we’ll assist you in finding somewhere to live.
the course will assist adults to return to the labor market. 这个辅导班将帮助成人重返劳工市场。
四、translate the following phrases. (20’)
1. meet/reach one’s goal 2. 获得成功
3. struggle with 4. 使某人振作起来
5. describe...as 6. 情绪好
7. cost . 8. 适应
9. be rushed to 10. 保持乐观
11. overcome one’s disappointment 12. 献身于
13. be tired of/ be bored with 14. 远离，除了
15. be / get frustrated 16. 鼓舞某人做某事
17. improve one’s grades 18. 在困难时期
19. feel caught between ... and ... 20. 回顾
五、单词拼写：
are greatly__________(鼓励) by his speech.
of ______________(专家), the hospital accepts hundreds of patients every day.
unexpected arrival threw us into total________________(混乱).
hold__________________(独立) celebrations year after year.
__________________(心理学家) dedication to his cause set us a good example.
pet dog always keeps me c_________ when i take a walk.
ing the coacher’s g___________, he succeeded accomplishing his aim.
came back c____________, so the interview must have been successful.
finishing the last word of the report, he sighed with c______________.
are still thousands of people suffering h_____________.
六、句子转换：
1. when people put their hearts and efforts into their work, they feel happy.
when people__________ ________ their work, they feel happy.
2. i hold the view that being positive in life brings happiness.
i ___________ _________ finding happiness by taking an active part in life.
3. the flooded areas are in great need of medicine.
there is _____ _______ ________ medicine in the flooded area.
4. in front of every freshman in a university lay four years of hard work.
______ _______ every freshman in a university lay four years of hard work.
5. we need to learn to deal with the problems that have influence on our life.
we need to learn to _______ the problems that _______ our life.
6. the practice doctor was very nervous when he helped the doctors prepare for the operation.
the practice doctor was very nervous when she _______ the doctors ______ the
preparations of the operations.
7. the man lost his job because of his rude behavior.
the man’s rude behavior ________ ________ _________ __________.
8. i spoke to her softly so that she wouldn’t be frightened.
i spoke to her softly ____ _____ ______ _____ frighten her.
七、动词填空：
1. the people injured______________(rush) to the nearest hospital immediately.
2. ___________(devote) to his cause, the gymnast feels happy and content.
3. with the severe injury in his back, he had great difficulty in __________(accomplish) the task.
4. the equipment_____________(adapt) so it can be used under water.
5. each of us _______________(allocate) our tasks.
6. he has a gift for music but he needs_____________(coach).
7. the goods in our shop _______________(guarantee) to be delivered within one day.
8. i have had everything __________(arrange) for the meeting.
9. the pair was almost more than he could __________(bear).
10. i have received your notice _____________(quit). i’m leaving in three days.
八、完成句子：
1． 她鼓励我们不要气馁而要乐观。
she encouraged us not to lose heart but ______ _______ _____________.
2． 通过逐步实现目标，我们可以找到幸福。
we can find happiness by __________ ____________ step by step.
3． 全社会都很关心失学儿童越来越多的问题。
the whole society ______ ________ _________ the problem that more and more are dropping out of school.
4． 到下个月底，所有洪水灾区的人们将重建家园。
by the end of next month, all the people in the flooded area_____ ______ _______ _______.
5． 与家人分开生活有助于我学会独立。
________ ______ ______ my family helps me learn to _____ ______________.
6． 使我们高兴的是他很快适应了国外的新生活。
to our delight he quickly _________ _________ _______ the new life abroad.
7． 正当我要放弃时，老师的出现给了我继续下去的动力。
i was on the point of giving up when my teacher appeared, which ________ _______ _____ ________ to carry on with the experiment.
1. the manager arranged them to finish the project _________ _______(提前) time.
2. come on! try to be more mature. can’t you _______ your own __________(做决定)?
3. i ________ ________(觉得) there was nothing i couldn’t do in my childhood.
4. his company’s bankruptcy was ________ ________(由于) bad management.
5. instead of ________ ________(为...哭泣) what she had lost and feeling hopeless, sang lan thought about what she could do to get better.
6. she is a timid girl and afraid of speaking _________ _________(在公共场合).
7. hearing about the speech competition, i was full of excitement and hoped to ________
_________(参加) it.
8. he made a better speech and i’m _________ _________(对...满意)second place, because i tried my hardest.
9. in the future, new technology will ________(允许) people ________ live longer.
10. thinking about his encouragement ________(给) me the _________(动力) to devote myself to the preparations for the exams.
九，单选
1.（06安徽）b
never in my wildest dreams these people are living in such poor conditions．
a．i could imagine b．could i imagine c．i couldn’t imagine d．couldn’t i imagine
2. (06江苏) c
--- there is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.
-- my goodness! i can’t imagine _________ that old.
a. to be b. to have been c. being d. having been
3.（06重庆）d
my grandma still treats me like a child. she can’t imagine ________ grown up.
a. my b. mine c. myself d. me
4. (06陕西) b
it is difficult to imagine his ________ the decision without any consideration.
a. accept b. accepting c. to accept d. accepted
5.（02上海）b
its hard for him to imagine what i would be doing today if i ___ in love, at the age of seven, with the melinda cox library in my home town.
a. wouldnt have fallen b. had not fallen c. should fall d. were to fall
答案：
四： 1. 达到某人的目标 2. achieve/ reach success 3. 与...作斗争 4. cheer sb. up
5. 把...描述成 6. in good spirits 7. 使某人付出某物为代价 8. adapt to
9. 被紧急送往 10. stay optimistic 11. 克服某人的失望心理 12. devote oneself to
13. 厌倦于 14. apart from 15. 受挫 16. inspire sb. to do sth. 17. 提高某人的成绩 18. in difficult times 19. 在...和...之间左右为难 20. look back on
五： ed lists ion ndence 5. psychologist’s
y 7. guidance 8. cheerfully 9. contentment 10. hunger
六：1. focus on e in 3. a rush for 4. ahead of 5. fix…affect
6. assisted…with him his job as not to
七：re rushed 2. devoted 3. accomplishing 4. has been adapted
allocated 6. coaching 7. are guaranteed ed quit
八： stay optimistic ing/reaching goals 3. is concerned about
4. will have rebuilt homes apart from…be independent
d himself to me the motivation
1. ahead of 2. make, decision(s) 3. felt like 4. due to 5. crying about 6. in public 7. go for 8. content/ satisfied with 9. allow, to 10. gives/ gave, motivation
●Project Reciting a poem 篇十五
m7 unit2 fit for life
project
编写
teaching aims:
improve the students’ ability of practice.
important points & difficult points:
1. read the passage about chinese medicine.
2. language points in the text.
language points
1. chinese medicine has amazed many…with its different approach to health…
approach
n. (1) 接近
at her approach the children ran off. 她走近的时候，孩子们都跑了。
(2) 通路，道路
all the approaches to the palace were guaded by soldiers.
通往宫殿的所有的路都有士兵把守。
(3) 方法，手段
a new approach to learning english 学英语的一种新方法
v. (1) （在空间或时间上）接近，靠近
the time for graduation is approching. 毕业的日这近了。
（2）着手处理
before trying to solve the problem let’s consider the best way to approch it.
要想解决这一问题，咱们先来考虑一下如何着手为上策。
2. practise (1). 练习，实习
he is prsctising throwing the ball into the net. 他在联系投篮。
（2）经常做，养成习惯
why don’t you practise what you preach? 你为何光说不做呢？
be/get out of practice 荒疏 in pratice 实际上，事实上；熟练的
3. they think that the use of acupuncture began during the stone age when …or sharp-edged tools,…
sharp adj. 锋利的,尖的;突然的,急转弯的; 尖刻的,辛辣的;灵敏的,敏锐的.
1). 这把大剪刀不够快，剪不动草。
the shears aren’t sharp enough to cut the grass.
a sharp drop in price 价格的聚降 a sharp turn to the left 向左急转
2). we were surprised by the sharp tone of her comments.
她尖锐的评论令我们吃惊．
3). the cheese is a little too sharp for me.
我觉得这干酪味道太重了．
a sharp sense of humor 很强的幽默感
4. take one’s place 就座；取代 take the place of sb/sth 取代
5.…and a sword-like needle for letting liquid out of swollen parts.
let sth. out 放出；泄露，透出；发出（叫声）；出租；把（衣服）放大
别泄露我失业了，好吗？
don’t let it out about my losing my job, will you?
他们决定以低租金把那些较小的办公室租出去。
they decided to let out the smaller offices at low rents.
例：he accidentally _____ that he had quarrelled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.
a. let out b. took care c. made sure d. made out
解析：let sth. out 泄露，透漏（消息等）。take care 小心（不能带宾语）。make sure确信，务必。make out 辨认出，理解，了解。
6. a/the majority of… ……的大多数
7. involve (1). 把……卷入……中，连累
involve sb/sth in/with sth
don’t involve me in your quarrel. 不要把我卷入你们的争吵中。
（2）使热衷于，使专心（常用被动语态）
he is now involved in stocks. 他现在热衷于炒股。
8. acupuncture involves putting stainless steel needles into the skin at certain points…
point of view 观点
on the point of 正要…的时候
to the point 中肯，扼要；切中要害
there is not much/ no point (in) doing sth.
表示“做某事是没有用的或者是没有道理的”
1). 我们队获得了80分．
our team scored 80 points.
2). 我不理解你的想法，这会儿这么做有什么意义？
i don’t understand your point. what’s the point of doing this at this point?
3). 同他争辩是没有什么用的．
there is very little point in arguing with him.
--- shall we have a talk with her and try to persuade her not to see a movie tonight?
--- there is no ____ talking to her. she never listens.
a. good b. value c. point d. worth
9. the same as 与……一样；相同； as 为介词
what’s another word that means the same as “perhaps”?
另一个与perhaps相同意义的词是哪个？
the same也可与as引导的定语从句连用，此时as为关系代词
i won’t the same bike as you bought yesterday. 我想要你昨天买的同样的车。
区别：the same … as 和the same…that
this is the same bag that i lost yesterday. 这就是我昨天丢失的包.
this is the same bag as i lost yesterday. 这个包和我昨天丢失的一样.
10. some people have also used acupuncture to treat addictions to cigarettes,…
addiction n.（常与to 连用）成瘾，沉溺，入迷
1). 他的酒瘾毁了他的一生．
her addiction to alcohol ruined her life.
2). 有些肥胖的问题是由于太爱吃糖和脂肪含量高的事物引起的．
some weight problems are caused by an addiction to sugar and fat.
11. in the west, acupuncture has become very popular, as has chinese traditional herbal medicine.
划线部分是一个倒装句, as作为代词代替前面讲述的情况,表情况相同.常用句型为: as+be/do+主语,相当于so+be/do+主语
she is unusually tall, as/so are both her parents. 她个特别高,她父母也都很高.
●Project Reciting a poem 篇十六
reading appreciating literature
编写:尤丽莉 柏玉 审阅：陈兰
一、学习目标及重难点
help the students to understand the text
learn the reading strategy
learn the vocabulary about the text
二、预习、讨论
（一）单词拼写
1.经典的 adj. 2 古董n.
3 文学的 adj. 4 被承认的 adj.
5 智慧 n. 6 灰尘 n.
7 改编 n. 8 作品 n.
9 章 n. 10 单纯的 adj.
11 不确定 n. 12 紧张 n.
13 转弯 n&v 14 情节 n.
15 慷慨的 adj. 16 财富 n.
17 金融的 adj. 18 突然的 adj.
19 持续的 adj. 20 破旧的 adj.
21.缺点 n. 22. 浅薄的 adj.
23. 偏见 n. 24. 严格的 adj.
25. 有教养的 adj. 26. 主题 n.
27 .财富 n. 28.花哨的 n.
（二）讨论并回答问题
1. what is classic literature?
2. who is charles dickens?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
old is rip when the story begins?
三、要点剖析
1. they are novels, plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written and well received that people still read them today. (p2) 它们是很久以前创作的小说，戏剧和诗歌，写得很好，很受欢迎， 直至今日人们仍然在阅读这些作品。
so…that…
so...that结构中的so为副词，后面跟形容词或副词；such...that中的such为形容词，后面接名词 (名词前可以有形容词或副词修饰)。例如：
he became so angry that he couldnt speak. 他变得很生气，以致说不出话来。
it was such a fine day that we went out for a walk. 那是一个很晴朗的日子，我们出去散步。
e
v. [t] 1) to get or be given sth.: 收到
did you receive my letter?
i received a phone call from your mother.
they received a visit from the police.
2) to be able to hear someones voice when they are communicating with you by radio: (无线电)接收
im receiving you loud and clear.
3) to react to sth. or someone in a particular way that shows how you feel about it or them: 被承认的,受欢迎的
the prime ministers speech was well/warmly/coldly, etc. received by the conference delegates.
3. many people do not read them because they think they are old fashioned and boring, and have nothing to do with life today… (p2) 许多人不读经典文学作品是因为觉得它们过时了，枯燥乏味，与今天的生活没有任何关系。
have nothing to do with
与...无关
be/have something to do with
to be related to sth. or a cause of sth. but not in a way that you know about or understand exactly: 与…有关
im not sure what he does exactly - its something to do with finance.
it might have something to do with the way its made.
4. he first published many novels one chapter at a time in newspapers, and some were later performed on stage. (p2) 他的许多小说起初是在报纸上连载, 每次一章, 有些作品后来被搬上了舞台.
at a time
dealing with things separately: 每次,一次
if you raise your hands, i’ll answer your questions one at a time.
frank took the stairs two at a time.
because of his work, he is often away for weeks at a time.
time常用短语及用法
once upon a time
used at the beginning of childrens stories to mean a long time ago: 很久很久以前
once upon a time there was a beautiful young princess with long golden hair.
at the same time
despite this: 与此同时,尽管如此
no-one likes conflict, but at the same time we have to deal with this problem.
all the time
continuously: 一直,总是
i wish youd stop criticizing me all the time.
for the time being
for a limited period: 暂时
leave the ironing for the time being - ill do it later.
in no time (also in next to no time)
very quickly or very soon: 很快,不久
the children ate their dinner in no time.
ahead of time
in advance: 提前
lets meet for lunch. ill call you ahead of time to fix up exactly when and where.
at any time
ever: 任何时候
parking is not allowed here at any time.
at (any) one time (also at a time or at any given time)
at or during any particular point or moment in the day:
only a certain number of people are allowed in the building at any one time.
im sorry, but im too busy to help you now - i can only do one thing at a time.
at the time
at the particular point when sth. was thought of or done: 当时,此时
it seemed like a good idea at the time.
in time
early enough:及时
i got home just in time - its starting to rain.
if we dont hurry up, we wont be in time to catch the train.
we arrived in good time (= we arrived early) for the start of the match.
from time to time
sometimes but not often: 时不时的
from time to time i still think of her
at one time
in the past: 曾经,一度
at one time, george eliot lived here.
5. pip’s sister seldom has a kind word to say, but joe is a kind and simple man, who would rather die than see any harm come to pip.（p3）皮普的姐姐几乎没有什么善言好语，但乔却是一个淳朴善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。
would rather
the phrase would rather means ‘prefer to do sth.’. it is usually shortened to ’d rather in informal english.
i’d rather have a quiet night in front of the tv.
we could go to the park for a picnic next sunday if you would rather do that.
she’d rather go shopping in the afternoon.
the phrase would rather --- than --- means ‘to prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. else’.
i’d rather stay at home than go shopping in the crowded department store.
i’d rather go to the cinema to watch a new film than watch an old one at home.
she’d rather read storybooks than watch cartoon films.
6. excited by his move to london, pip can hardly wait to begin his new life. (p3) 搬到伦敦让皮普兴奋不已，他迫不及待地开始了他的新生活。
hardly
adv. only just; almost not: 几乎不
i could hardly hear her at the back.
11. pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning estella’s love. (p3) 皮普一心要成为一名绅士，赢得爱斯特拉的芳心。
bend
v. [i or t] (bent, bent) 1) to (cause to) curve: (使)弯曲
i bent down and picked up the coins lying on the road.
after her fall she complained that she couldnt bend her leg properly.
2) to unwillingly accept the opinions or decisions of other people: 向……屈服
the local council was forced to bend to public pressure.
n. [c] a curved part of sth.: 弯头
theres a bend in the pipe so you cant see from one end to the other.
be bent on
the crowd of young people was bent on violence.
7. make the acquaintance of (p5)
acquaintance
n. [c] a person that you have met but do not know well: 见过的人
a business acquaintance
[u] formal used in some expressions about knowing or meeting people:
it was at the taylors party that i first made his acquaintance (= first met him).
have a nodding acquaintance with sb./sth.
to know someone slightly or have a slight knowledge of a subject:
she has only a nodding acquaintance with the issues involved.
高二英语作业一
班级_____ 姓名______学号________
i 填词与 翻译
1. classics are the __________ of the literary world.
2. in a modern __________________ of charles dicken’s novel appeared in cinemas.
3. there is a ____________ in the plot when a very _____________ stranger gives pip a lot of money. pip is about 18 when this happens, and the ___________ stes him free from _________ worries. pip makes the _________ decision to move from kent, which is a __________ __________ of his ____________ beginnings to the bright lights of london
4 我想这些经典小说如果与现代生活没有关系的话，是不会被编成影片的
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5 不久他养成了浅薄 偏见的缺点，真挚歧视以前的同伴.
____________________________________________________________________
ii单选
1 his headache has nothing to do _____ the operation.
a for b on c with d /
2 he may go home, he will have nothong to do _____ next week.
a for b on c with d /
3 if i _____ to do this test, i should do it in another way.
a were b was c am d are
4 not only _______ problem very important, but it is a difficult problem to be solved at once.
a this is b is this c this are d are this
5 my aunt invited me to the movies, but i said i would rather ______ on a picnic with the girls.
a going b gone c went d go
6 he is full of racial prejudice ______ career habits.
a for b against c with d from
7 he was bent _______ them happpy.
a on making b making c in making d to make
8 the novel oliver twist ____ england _____ was about a poor boy who had only misfortune, not a real family and the love he deserved.
a. was set in; in 1830 b. was set in; in the 1839’s
c. set in; in the 1830s d. set in; in 1830s
9 after his mother died, oliver was ____ in a placde with other children who also had no parents.
a. brought up b. kept c. risen d. raise
10 his great height ____ him to play baskeball.
a. fitted for b. fitted c. suited d. suited for
11 poor health comes ____ shabby eating habit.
a. after b. as a result c. as a result of d. resulting in
12 i like ____ when you told that joke.
a. it b. him c. that d. what
13 the sheer size of the cathedral is a constant reminder ____ the trourists ____ the power of teligion.
a. for; to b. for; of c. to; as d. to; of
14 i spent much time talking to him, but he wasn’t ____ happier.
a. much b. far c. any d. rather
15 the film company plans ____ the film before chistmas.
a. realsing b. coming out
c. to be published d. to release
cdabd bacab cadcd
●Project Reciting a poem 篇十七
project reciting a poem
reading
1. read the report on the poetry of robert burns, skim for the main idea of this article and tell how it is organized.
paragraphs 1-4 introduction of robert burns
paragraphs 5-7 some information about a movement of poets called the romantic movement
paragraphs 8-9 the poem ‘a red, red rose’ with its introduction and explanation
2. pair work: rearrange the events in the order of time. fill in the following table:
time event
1750 the romantic movement started.
1759 robert burns was born.
1794 the poem ‘a red, red rose’ was published.
1796 robert burns died at the age of 37.
1870 the romantic movement ended.
1877 the monument to burns was first publicly exhibited.
3. read the article for a third time to get more information about this report, and then fill in the following table about robert burns.
year of birth place of birth year of death family status
1759 alloway, scotland 1796 poor
his first love name nelly kirkpatrick
effect on him encouraged him to start writing poetry
main works ‘to a mouse’; ‘the holy fair’; ‘a red, red rose’
the movement
of poets name of the movement romantic movement
representative poets john keats; william wordsworth; robert burns
features romantic themes tend to be more emotional.
the poems are always about love, dreams or nature.
the way people
memorize him *all of scotland mourned his death, and afterwards many people donated money to support his widow and children. the monument to him was first publicly exhibited in 1877 and about 30,000 people attended the first exhibition.
*the house in alloway, where burns was born, is now a museum of his life and work.
language points
1. overnight
adj., adv. 1) for or during the night: 一夜之间
an overnight stop in paris
you can stay overnight if you want to.
dont forget to pack an overnight bag (= a bag for things that you need when you stay away from home for a night).
2) suddenly and unexpectedly: 突然,出乎意料的
she became a star overnight
the book was an overnight success.
2. shorten
v. [i or t] to become shorter or to make sth. shorter: (使)变短
as you grow older, your spine shortens by about an inch
ive asked him to shorten my grey trousers.
the name william is often shortened to bill.
tion
the restaurant has a good reputation.
cheating in the exam ruined the boy’s reputation.
t
on exhibition/display/show=be being exhibited
at the exhibition
women tend to live longer than men.
it tends to rain here a lot in summer
ision
make an comparison between a and b = compare a with b
in comparison with…= compared with…
the tallest buildings in london are small in comparison with those in newyork.
7. farewell
a farewell party/present/speech
wave farewell to his friends
is said that…
it is/was said/ believed/ supposed/ reported/ thought that…
sb/sth. is said to do…
it is suggested/ recommended/necessary/important/strange/natural that…
it is supposed that the temple has been for over500 years.
she is said to have been to america.
it is suggested that the meeting should be put off until next week.
9. involve
involve doing 包括做某事
be involved in 与某事有关
building of the road will involve the construction of ten bridges.
the job involves me living abroad.
it is said that then man is involved in criminal activities.
t of/be made up of
the club consists of 200 members.
seven members make up the committee.
a sentence is composed of several word put together.
11. stress
she laid great stress on proper behavior.
in the word “mother” the stress is on the first syllable.
the teacher stressed the importance of reading aloud.
