每个人都曾试图在平淡的学习、工作和生活中写一篇文章。写作是培养人的观察、联想、想象、思维和记忆的重要手段。范文书写有哪些要求呢？我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢？以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文，仅供参考，一起来看看吧
考研英语写作篇一
中华民族的喜庆节日(chinese festivial)国庆节 national day
中秋节 mia-autumn festival春节 spring festival
元宵节 lantern festival儿童节 children‘s day
端午节 dragon boat festival妇女节 women’s day
泼水节 water-splashing day教师节 teachers’ day
五四青年节 youth day
考研英语：写作必备词汇(二)
中国独特的传统饮食(unique traditional chinese foods)
锅贴 guotie(fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls
套餐 set meal盒饭 box lunch;chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu
米粉 rice noodles馄饨 wonton
火锅 chafing dish八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝 glass noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws(or apples, etc.)
考研英语：写作必备词汇(三)
中国新兴事物(newly sprouted things)京九铁路 beijing –kowloon railway中国电信 china telecom扶贫工程 anti-poverty project中国移动 china mobile菜篮子工程 vegetable basket project十五计划 the 10th five-year plan温饱工程 decent-life project中国电脑联网 chinanet安居工程 economy housing project三峡工程 the three gorges project扫黄 porn-purging campaign希望工程 project hope西部大开发 go-west campaign
考研英语：写作必备词汇(四)
大陆中国 mainland chin铁饭碗 iron rice bowl
红宝书 little red book大锅饭 communal pot
红色中国 socialist china关系户 closely-related units四化 four modernizations外出打工人员 migrant workers终生职业 job-for-life
关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild
五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)the five merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals
四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美)the four virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment
考研英语：写作必备词汇(五)
基层监督 grass-roots supervision婚纱摄影 bride photo
基础税率 base tariff level黑心棉 shoddy cotton
婚介所 matrimonial agency机器阅卷 machine scorin
婚外恋 extramarital love
即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery
集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
价格听证会 public price hearings甲a球队 spanision a soccer team家政服务 household management service
加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge;pick a quarrel
矫情 use lame arguments渐进式台独 gradual taiwan independence借调 temporarily transfer
扩大中等收入者比重 raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption
安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents
信息化 information-base ormationization
智力密集型 concentration of brain power knowledge-intensive
外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel三角债 chain debts
素质教育 education for all-round development
豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects社会治安情况 law-and-order situation民族国家 nation state台独 independence of taiwan台湾当局 taiwan authorities台湾同胞 taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。
taiwan is an inalienable part of the chinese territory.西部大开发 development of the west regions
可持续性发展 sustainable development
风险投资 risk investment通货紧缩 deflation
扩大内需 to expand domestic demand
计算机辅助教学 computer-assisted instruction(cai)
网络空间 cyberspace网上购物 shopping online
虚拟现实 virtual reality应试教育 exam-oriented education网民 netizen(net citizen)学生减负 to reduce study load电脑犯罪 computer crime总裁助理 assistant president电子商务 the e-business综合治理 comprehensive treatment安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents
信息化 information-based;informationization
智力密集型 concentration of brain power;knowledge-intensive
外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises
下岗职工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel下海 plunge into the commercial sea下网 off line
小康之家 well-off family;comfortably-off family
新秀 up-and-coming star, rising star
新新人类 new human being;x generation信息港 info port形象小姐/先生 image representative of a product or a brand
虚拟网 virtual net学生处 students′ affairs spanision研究生毕业证/学位证 graduate diploma/graudate degree′sdiploma
摇钱树 cash cow以人为本 people oriented;people foremost义务教育 compulsory education易拉罐 pop can
应试教育 examination-oriented education system
考研英语：写作必备词汇(六)
the classification for the commodities
food 速冻食品 al-care supplies 个人护理用品
products 玩具
ed foods -care products 汽车护理用品
ng supplies -care products 庭院护理用品
考研英语：写作必备词汇(七)
different stores
nience y store小卖部
store药店
ment nt store打折店
y lty shop专卖店
ng mall/shopping center购物中心
houshold department
dish 碟子silverware 银器cooking utensils 厨具
pots 壶pans 锅
考研英语写作篇二
随着2011考研报名工作的正式启动，1月份的考试离我们越来越近了，要参加2011考研的考生神经又要绷紧一些了。这里，与大家分享一下有关考研英语写作中书信写作的方法常用技巧等，掌握了这些，相信此类题型的提分会有很大帮助。
书信题型写作是应用文写作中常见的功能性写作形式，书信写作的准备一是宏观，就是要掌握它的格式，基本框架，就是先写什么，后写什么；二是微观，具体到语言如何使用。
一、书信写作考察的结构
① 日期，写信人应将写信日期(年，月，日)放在书信正文的右上角，如jan.30th, 2010。提醒：考研书信写作没有要求考生必须写时间，如果没有把握自己的时间书写格式是正确的，建议考生不要写，以免出错反而扣分。
② 称呼，称呼是写信人对收信人的称谓，称呼可以根据收信人的性别，职务，婚姻状况，姓名等个人信息来写，如：ms, , professor li, , dear mum and dad
如果写信人不清楚收信人的具体姓名，职务等情况，可以写：dear sir or madam, to whom it may concern。
③ 正文，正文是书信的主要部分，在称呼下方隔一或两行处开始。考生写正文时，要分层次进行。书信正文通常由引言，展开段和结尾三个层次组成。
· 引言，引言表明写信人的写信目的和写信背景，一般仅限于一段，一两句话即可。
提醒：此处考生容易犯一个错误：照抄题目的表达，甚至原句，这是一个严重的错误，在阅卷过程至少会扣到2分，希望广大考生要注意。
· 展开段，展开段内容应详实，具体。可以分为若干段来写，每一段围绕一个主题展开。提醒：提醒广大考生，题干中的要点必须全部包含，考生若是在漏掉一个要点（一般小作文有3个要点）会至少扣掉3分。
· 结尾，结尾部分通常比引言部分短，使用一两句话表达一下希望或祝愿。
④ 结束语，结束语是写信人对收信人的谦称，写在正文下面二至三行处。公务等较正式的信件多采用yours sincerely, sincerely yours, yours faithfully, yours truly 等；私人信件，多采用yours, with love, yours affectionately 等。
⑤ 签名，签名应写在结束语的下面。
二、主体段语言的操作
书信按照指令边想边写。主体第一段一句话，开门见山，提出写信的目的，表明信的性质：是投诉信还是申请信还是请求信？我为什么要写这封信？常用句式包括：
i am writing to complain about...i am writing to thank...for.../express my gratitude for...i am writing to ask for...i am writing to apply for...正文第二段，100个字左右，8、9句话。
此段写作的中心任务是把题目中的提纲进行扩展。如果有3条提纲，可以每一条提纲扩充3句。怎么样扩充，主要是发挥点小小的想象力，有两种思路，一是将上义拆分成为若干下义，二是把一件事情说得更为形象具体。比如第一条指令，题目里面说是books，可以细化为各种各样的书，这就是下义拆分法。还可以具体描写一下这些书是什么样子的。同样第二个指令里面的methods of payment,和第三个指令里面的time and way of delivery都可以采用这两种方法进行扩展。
结尾，一般为礼貌性的套话，一般都是焦急等待着您的回信i am looking forward to your reply足以，或者i would appreciate it if you could send a replay at your earliest convenience也行。
以下为书信写作中常用的经典句型参考，希望大家在写作中活学活用。
常用起首语
1)i am much pleased to inform you that.......2)i wish to apply for the teaching position you are offering.3)your kind letter of november 22th arrived this morning.4)in reply to your letter dated july 4, i want to say...5)thank you for your letter dated dec.22, 2000.6)many thanks for your letter of sept.5，1997.7)a thousand thanks for your kind letter of june 5,1997.8)your letter which arrived this morning gave me great comfort.9)thank you very much for your letter of august 2 and the gift you sent me on christmas eve.10)first of all,i must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me.11)with great delight i learn from your letter of this sunday that...12)i am too excited and delighted at your good news.13)i am very obliged to you for your warm congratulations....常用结束语
1)looking forward to your early reply
2)hoping to hear from you soon
3)i hope to hear from you very soon.4)we look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.5)your early reply will be highly appreciated.6)i hope everything will be well with you.7)please let us know if you want more information.8)i wish you very success in the coming year.9)please remember me to your family.10)with best regards to your family.11)all the best.12)with love and good wishes.求职申请信常用句型
reply to your advertisement in ~,i respectfully offer my services for the reference to your advertisement in ~ for a / an ~,i offer myself for the consider me an applicant for the position which you advertised in ~. noticed the enclosed advertisement in ~,i wish to apply for the position referred answer to your advertisement in ~ for a ~,i wish to tender my advertisement for a ~ in ~ has interested me.i feel i can fill that you need an experienced ~ for your ~ next summer?
8.i have been for over five years in the employment of a / an ~ company
9.i have been in the business for the last ~ years, and worked as the director of the...department.10.i've had ~ years' experience with a company as a ~. the last ~ years, i have been and still am a / an ~.12.i'm ~ years of age, female / male, and have had ~ years' experience in a limited company's ~ office
13.i should be very glad to have a personal interview and can furnish references if you desire an interview, i shall be most happy to call in person, on any day and at any time you may you think favorably of my application, kindly grant me an interview.16.i trust that you'll give this application your favorable you give me a trial, i'll do my utmost to afford you every satisfaction.申诉信常用句型
1.i am sorry to say that we are greatly inconvenienced by the fact that ~.2.i am writing this letter to complain about ~.3.i really must complain about the quality of the ~ i recently got from your seem to have supplied us with a product that falls far below the standard we ~ i ordered from your store arrived sly, no packing had been placed in the box before it was sent from the is now over ~ since we made the above order with you, but the ~ we need badly now haven't arrived product i purchased from you ~ proved to be quite a gh it looks exactly the same as the one i saw in your commercial, it actually does not perform the same i have no interest in receiving a replacement, i am returning the product to you and demand that a full refund be made to me.9.i'd appreciate it very much if you refund the money i have paid for would appreciate it if you would arrange for the replacement of the damaged items.感谢信常用句型
me tell you how much i liked / appreciated / enjoyed...2.i want you to know how much we / i appreciate... appreciate your taking time to...4.i don't know how i would have managed without your help
5.i hope i can return the favor someday
let me know if i can ever return the favor
考研英语写作篇三
高分范文展示：
the global economy, who is sleeping over that stretcher, like a helpless-sick wreck, is being practiced emergency treatment by worldwidebanking systems, which are trying their best to save the market intensively by cuously, that’s a horrible depiction related to/concerning the the top of the list which should never be of all, , as the case of would make its comeback every 10-30 years on the average, so would this rmore, the overestimation of economic prosperityhas resulted in a great multitude of foams/bubbles in the securities and the , who made use of installment policy to speculate in real estate industry, thus, only spending 30% of totally-needed funds in possessing 3 apartments, with the aggregate price over rmb 2 ly, it is not the day of we are glad to see is the keyword – “cooperation”and we will surely get through this tough period before long.好句写法：把句子拉长→加修饰：
(1)n.+ who/which/that… 加从句
peopletakeseriously the lifestyle of chasing for luxuries.那些把一个人拥有财产的数量当作评判其社会地位的唯一标准的人们，会很重视追逐奢侈品的生活方式。
(2)n./句子结尾 + v.-ed(en)(被动)/ v.-ing(主动)加分词（定语后置）
ters, ranging from/who range from 20 to 30 years old ranging fromwith研究发现，和十年前的5%相比，现在有近24%的年轻白领表示不清楚自己想要什么。
(3)n.+ with + n.(修饰语)加限定词
e.g.a pretty girl → a girl with an angel-like face and a fairy-like figure
ys, a lot of riches like buying luxurious autos to show/display their success and existence.当今，很多有钱人喜欢通过买豪车来显示自己的成功和存在。
→these days, withdefined as the typical marks of 句型模仿：
07 阅读text3最后一段：
from the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholescale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.* looks far less like… a good deal more like… 看起来不像是……而更像是……
模仿→05大作文：养老足球赛
from our conscientious and clear-minded perspective, much of this behavior, undoubtedly, looks far less like like a 依据我们的良知，毫无疑问，大多数这种行为并不能提供合理分配赡养老人义务的机会，相反，它更像是一种加剧中华传统美德“尊老爱幼”走向大规模衰败的危险行为
大作文——开头what、中间why/effect、结尾how
what——虚开头（首段首句）
(1)坊间流传多年的所谓经典套话
as can be seen in the picture given above…
→ asgiven above…
e.g.悲观乐观 man, passion-sufficient and energy-continuous, is climbing upon a ladder to reach to his shining blue print.(2)直接描述
e.g.12002年作文：美国女孩穿着中国传统服饰
there is a beautiful american girl, who is standing over there in a chinese traditional costume, smiling just like a flower.a chinese traditional costume.e.g.2 2010年作文：文化“火锅”，既美味又营养
those dishes and cooking ingredients in a chinese traditional hot-pot, including e.g.2012年作文：悲观乐观 what——[描述+宽泛、宏观的点评]（首段第二句）
it is aa significant information that 主题has been in the spotlight in current society主题 has aroused wide concern at any corner of our social consensus.e.g.家庭成员关系 * 首段第二句和第二段首句应该有一定层次感，首段第二句提出一个观点/现象，第二段首句再将其具体化/细节化，直击中心。
why/effect——实开头：（主题句）+ 原因/影响（内部：自身 / 外部：社会、媒体）+ 例子
(1)主题句：
among the topic concerning主题（抽象）, as the depiction/picture shows, the most cardinal tip is related to the issue of主旨中心思想（具体）.e.g.家庭关系
among the topic concerning the depiction shows, the most e.g.出国留学人数/考研人数/公务员人数(2)引出原因
several factors could weigh heavily for the happening of ____, yet, suspended at the top of the list are the following two begin with, onally, _____.e.g.中国传统文化/美德的缺失(3)引出影响
it is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the revolutionary influences(that)the 现象 gives rise
begin with, … apart from… ,* 表示导致的短语：contribute to result in/trigger/induce/spell/invite
* 表示原因：inducement/incentive
e.g.人人考公务员 result begin with, … apart from … , * apart from用法：apart from(mentioned above), …(new information)= besides, … , google could owe its success to the brilliance of its founders, sergey brin and larry page.* 表示归因于：owe/ascribe/attribute… to …
(4)举例子
a good case blowing my mind now is 人/物, who/which …
e.g.慈善/真正的成功
a good case blowing my mind now is a world well-known man, whose name is bill gates, industry after his retirement.* 例子不能单独提出，例子前面要有一个论点，或者在例子后面要有一个点评和结论，这样才是一个完整的举例（名人名言也同理）。
how——提出建议（suggestion）：规则、思想、行为
(1)制定规则：
lay down/establish the effective/reliable/available/practical regulations to …呼应主题.（敬老）（保护环境）（留学）
(2)改变思想：
deliver the moderate 主题词 outlook to guide us both physically and r the moderate outlook to guide us both physically and mentally.成功观/生活观/物质观/世界观/知识观/能源观
(3)规范行为：
exert/implement/practice the rational 主题词 manners to live in a much more harmonious/compatible atmosphere/stance.(4)补充说明方法：名人名言（适用于最后一段提完建议之后）
万能套话：
as a classic saying goes,千里之行，始于足下
应用：提完建议之后
yet, it is very probable to say without any exaggerationthat depending on the lack of 主题词, many citizens/youths would have immersed in such an extreme condition for a long it have opportunities for us to make achange ? / is it possible to make a change? actually, as a classic saying goes, “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”.we will surely handle/optimize/refrain from … as long as the above mentioned proposals would be implemented immediately.e.g.养老 actually, as a classic saying goes, “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”.we will surely refrain from as long as the above mentioned proposals would be implemented immediately.e.g.奢侈浪费
yet, it is very probable to say without any exaggeration that depending on the lack it have opportunities for us to make a change? actually, as a classic saying goes, “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”.we will surely mentioned proposals would be implemented immediately.特别讲解：主体段落的展开（第二段）
(1)单向话题：要么褒，要么贬
原因展开：
the factors contributing to… are vastly attribute it to ….others place the blame on / others place the high value on ….still the rest complain of/ attach importance to …
e.g.为什么很多年轻人最终会抽烟
the factors contributing to a big rise in are vastly attribute it to(2)双向话题
e.g.中国传统风俗习惯的改变是好还是坏
according to my humble perspective, every sword is both positive and begin with, it goes without denying that the new-changed customs and habits have distinct one hand, they on the other hand, they eliminate “culture gap” to although / whilebidding farewell to the bygones enjoys considerable merits, it still have their own drawbacks when the following point is taken into account.a good case coming to my mind now isof the chinese virtues – raising all, * 举例子的时候，要实现从手段到效果的跨越（我们要怎么做来达到什么效果）
小作文——simplified（简明扼要）字数：100-120
* 大作文的套话和模板不能用在小作文中！
* 小作文写作时必须覆盖每个题目要求的要点
(1)letter——邮件、信件：生活化/接地气
a)邀请信
学术邀请（充满敬意）：
开头：正式邀请（含参会时间和主题）
主体：介绍会议安排
结尾：希望得到正式回复，并确认
dear professor ___,it is my great honor to extend you our sincere invitation of an academic forum held on 具体时间 in/at 地点,which focuses on the topic of主题
the forum mentioned above will be arranged as y at 8 start the ards, there will be another arrangement, including at around 时间, 另一个安排.i really hope you can make it is possible, i would like to ask you for sending me your bank
account, and i’ll pay you 40 percent of the total lecture fees as the deposit.最后期限.落款
范文：
dear professor liu,it is my great honor to extend you my sincere invitation of an academic forum held on jan.1 in the nation’s theatre, which focuses on the topic of chinese traditional forum mentioned above will be arranged as y at 8 start the opening of the forum, which involves a brief presentation with regard to the prospects as well as plights thatthe promotion of chinese culture may ards, there will be another arrangement concerning a micro-movie of the cultural relic exhibition, which will last 15 at 9 to 11 o’clock, you would be highly expected to present us a lecture named “world needs china”.i really hope you can make it is possible, i would like to ask you for sending me your bank account, and i’ll pay you 40 percent of the total lecture fees as the , if you please before next ming,the supervisor of xxx
b)申请信
学校组织社团评优，要写申请。你是学校创新社（innovation agency）的负责人，请你代表你们社参与评优，写一封申请信。
范文：
dear sir or madame,innovation agency – “most improved organization award”.private tools’ rebuilding the ng to make it accessible/easy to wheelchairs..yours faithfully,li ming
c)回复投诉信（对别人投诉的回复和安抚）：承担责任，尝试挽回
有人投诉你负责的勤工助学中心某学生表现糟糕，部分原文：
i will not use your temporary staff any more for their disastrous performance.范文：
dear sir,temporary administration assistant you received from my organization,.we really care about our clients and that is why we will try to give some explanation about what ate for faithfully,li mingd)销售信（空格处填入产品名）
last year, we achieved a 215% increase in the sales of our believe that this happy state of affairs be attributed to two , we managed to avoid passing on any part of our increased manufacturing costs to our majestic , we believe our designs and colors are the most attractive that we have ever so we are happy to be able to tell you that our new season’s ____ are, if anything, more persuasive than last year’s and our prices will compare very favorably with those of any of our believe that your will agree that our samples prove the truth of our look forward for you to favor us an order.e)现场笔录证明
you’ve come across a serious crash last night when a taxi heavily knocked down a the police asked you to offer a certificate of witness involving following points:
time and place
process of this emergency
witness on a crash
it was 时间 in a 星期 night, 日期, when i was about to enjoy my late snack a first aid to the young and phoned ambulance at ure:li ming
(2)notice——通知、告示
a)失物招领（lost and found）：信息要有所保留，不能全部透露
case: you’ve picked up an ed（电子辞典）
and place
feature of this electronic dictionary（留一个最大特征来核实对方身份）
information for contact
lost and found
on the evening of 日期regular this ed the phone number sincerely yours,li ming
考研英语写作篇四
1.图画作文
it seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about _______(图画主题)，which is ______________(进一步的说明)。he seems to be saying that_______________(给出细节)。in my opinion，___________(个人阐述)。
this simple picture is a wake up call for ______(所涉群体，如the whole of the human race)。therefore，it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to put an end to _____________(问题所在)。one the one hand，we must _________________(建议一)。it is clear that the drawer of the illustration is urging us to _________(进一步说明)。on the other hand，________________(建议二)only in this way can we___________(展望前景)。
2.图表作文
the chart gives us an overall picture of the ____________(图表主题)。the first thing we notice is that_______________(图表最大特点)。this means that as __________，_________________(进一步说明)。
we can see from the statistics given that _______________(图表细节一)。after ving_________(细节一中的第一个变化)，the _____ved+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化)。the figures also tells us that_________________________(图表细节二)。(数据位置，如in the second column)，we can see that ____________accounts for _______(进一步描述)。
judging from these figures，we can draw the conclusion that___________(结论)。the reason for this，as far as i am concerned is that_____________(给出原因)。/ it is high time that we ved(发出倡议)
各位可爱的同学：
考题为应用文写作，所以要注意：
1.条理清楚，按照下列老师所列每种应用文的格式把内容写完整。
2.可以先用中文把提纲要求包含的信息都写下来，再翻译成英语。这样可以确保不会把应该包括的信息漏掉。
3.不要写错误的单词，宁可用简单易懂的单词代替，注意卷面清洁和工整。预祝大家都考上心仪的学校，制定好复习计划，按部就班，调整好心态好好复习，你的心愿一定能实现，人生该吃苦该拼搏时就要拼搏！各位加油！
一． 祝贺信(letter of congratulations)：
祝贺信的写作与普通信件没有什么大区别，但应注意：
1．必须包括对收信人的称谓。
2．必须包括对收信人的祝贺。
3．必须包括写信人的姓名。
4．措词真诚、轻松愉快，切忌言过其实。
sample:
dear guojun，i heard that you graduated with high honors from southeast university last month.i know that all your family must be very proud of you, and as your friend, i feel the same.i wish you greater and more brilliant success in your studies and work in the best sincerely，qi zi
常用祝贺信用语
1．warm congratulations on your success in passing the entrance examination to … university.热烈祝贺你考上了……大学。
2．please accept our sincere wishes for your…
请接受我们对您……的衷心祝愿。
3．i extend my best wishes for your success.衷心祝愿你成功。
4．may each new year bring you new hope.愿每个新年都给您带来新的希望。
二、道歉信(letter of apology)
sample:
may 5
dear carole，i am very sorry that i missed your phone call yesterday.i shall be at home tomorrow you please call me again?
sincerely yours，lisa
道歉信常用语句
1．please accept my sincere apologies.请接受我们诚挚的道歉。
2．please accept my sincere apologies for the lateness of my birthday greetings.3．
i am sorry i missed your …
对不起，我错过了你的……
4．i’ve to offer you an apology for not coming to your party.未能参加你的庆祝会，我得向你道歉。
5．please accept my sincere apologies for…
请接受我对……诚挚的歉意。
ex.就下述内容写一封道歉信：
你的一位朋友昨天来看望你，你正巧外出未遇，对此你写信表示歉意，并约他明天再过来。
may 5
dear tom，i am very sorry that i was out when you called on me you come again tomorrow evening as i have something important to discuss with you?
sincerely yours，lisa 更多例子：
1.因未能践约赴宴致歉 unable to keep one’s promise
dear [miss nancy]，much to my regret i was unable to keep my promise to attend your [birthday] party [last saturday], owing to the fact that my [little son] was suddenly taken ill early [that day].hoping to see you yours，亲爱的[南希小姐]：
[小儿][上周六]突然生病，因此未能应约赴[生日]宴，殊觉抱歉，希原谅，再见。
祝好！
2.因迟复来信致歉 because of answering one’s letter late
dear [david]:
i am afraid that you will think me unpardonably negligent in not having answered your letter dated [7, december] sooner, but when i have told you the reason, i trust you will be convinced that the neglect was your letter arrived, i was just in [hong kong].as my family could not forward it to me during my absence, it has been, therefore, lying on my desk until the moment when i took it the first thing i have to hasten to do is to write to you these few lines to express my deep regret.i enjoyed many pleasant sights during my trip.i shall be pleased to give you an account to of them when i see you ，亲爱的[戴维]：
请原谅我收到您[12月7日]的来信后迟迟未复，现将原因告诉您，相信您一定会谅解的。您的来信到来时，我正巧在[香港]，家人无法及时转递。你的信一直放在我写字台上，直到我回到才看见，拖至今天才回信，深表歉意。
这次出去旅行饱览了许多美丽景色，下次见到您时，将告诉您一切。
祝好！
3.因未能及时还书致歉 unable to return borrowed book on time
dear [kate]:
excuse me for my long delaying in returning to you your “robinson crusoe” which i read through with great interest.i had finished reading the book and was about to return it when [my cousin] came to see having seen the book, [she] was so interested in it that i had to retain it r, i hope that in view of the additional delight thus afforded by your book, you will overlook my negligence in not returning it ng you again for the ely yours，亲爱的[凯特]：
我迟迟未能归还您的那本《鲁滨逊飘流记》，请原谅。该书我读得津津有味。读完后，正预备归还您时，我的[表妹]来访，见这本书也感兴趣，定要借去一读。为了让别人也能分享您那本书所给予的乐趣，我不能及时归还。我想再延迟些日子奉还，谅您不会介意的。
再次感谢您的慷慨。
祝好！
4.因遗失借书致歉 because of losing a borrowed book
dear [frank]:
i am terribly sorry to tell you that i have lost the valuable book you were so kind to lend me [last week].i read it [everyday] and intended to finish it [next month].[last night] when i came to my room, it was nowhere to be found.i will try to recover it as soon as i fail to find it, i will get a new book for i am afraid it can never take the place of the old books are like old lost, they can never be are connected with cherished associations which the new ones can never for this irrecoverable loss, i am to blame.i was so careless with my is a warning to me to be more careful in the truly，亲爱的[弗兰克]：
很抱歉，[上星期]您借给我的那本书竟遗失了。我[每天]都在看，准备[下个月]看完。[昨晚]我回到我的卧室，到处也找不到那本书。我将尽力找到它。万一找不到，我只好买一本新的还您。
但是，新书恐怕不能代替那本旧书吧！旧书跟旧友一样，一旦失去就不能再得。旧书与往事相连，这种不可弥补的损失，皆由我起。我对待一切太大意了，这次给我一个警告，叫我以后要小心。
三、慰问信
慰问信应写得真切，注意措辞，对轻病或者小损失，慰问信应写得轻松一些。相反，对严重病情或重大损失，信就应该写得深沉一些。慰问信写时应注意：
1.写给受伤人的信要简短，中肯。信中不必问询事故发生的过程、原因、见证人等。
2.慰问信中应写一些被慰问者喜欢或熟悉的事物，如病人的爱好、兴趣等，以使病人得到宽慰。
1.向朋友问候 a letter of inquiring after someone’s health
dear [john]:
i am extremely sorry to hear that your illness, which we had thought was clearing up, has become more serious, and that your have had to go into us hope that it will be for only a very short time, and that you will soon be out and about ody here sends his best wishes to you for a quick kind regards，yours sincerely，亲爱的[约翰]：
听说你病了，我深感不安。原来我们还以为您的病情有所好转，事实上却反而加重，而不得不住进了医院。但愿这是短时间的，很快不会恢复健康。这里每个人都祝愿您早日痊愈。
特此问候
2.问候朋友的母亲 inquiring after the health of a friend’s mother
dear []，i felt very sorry indeed when i heard of [your mother]’s illness, and am anxious to know how [she] is of a separate cover i am sending [her a box of assorted biscuits] with my best ely yours 亲爱的[王先生]：
听说您的母亲身体欠安，深表忧虑。不知令堂近况如何，实为惦念。随信另寄上[什锦饼干一盒]，并致以最良好的问候。
您忠诚的
[吴洋]
3.祝贺朋友病愈 congratulations on someone’s recovery
dear [jane]:
i learn, with very great pleasure, that the illness which has so cruelly caused great anxiety among your relatives and all those who know you has changed for the better and that you are now recovering, for which i therefore desire to congratulate you warmly.i hope that you will soon be completely restored to sincerely
亲爱的[简]：
在您患病的这一期间内，亲戚朋友无不为你挂虑，听到你的病已有好转，并已逐渐痊愈，十分快慰，特地向你祝贺。
望你早日完全痊愈。
4.慰问丧偶的朋友 a letter of inquiring to those who lost their husband or wife
dear []，i would like to express my sorrow at the recent death of your [husband].in the long time it was my privilege to enjoy [professor of harper]’s friendship.i found [him] a sincere and helpful associate, with whom it was a pleasure [to work].the knowledge that my thoughts are with you at his time will, i hope, be of some comfort to yours
亲爱的[哈珀女士]：
获悉你的[丈夫]最近逝世的消息，深表遗憾。
长期以来，能与[哈珀教授]保持友谊是我的荣幸。[哈珀教授]是一位我最乐于与其一道[工作]的忠实而有帮助的朋友。
但愿我此时的问候，能给您带来一些安慰。
四、传真
传真是通过传真机传递的信函，大多为业务信函。企事业单位都有专用的传真纸，纸上面印有现成的传真格式，拟发传真时按格式填写即可。下面为一种常见的传真格式：
发传真人单位名称、地址=电话和传真号码、电子邮件网址
to:(收传真人单位)
date(发送传真日期)
attn:(attention, 收传真部门或个人姓名)
fax no:(传真号)
from：(发传真部门或个人姓名)
page(s):(所发传真页数)
re:(regarding, 传真内容标题)
(传真信函)：
称呼语：
信体：
客套结语：
署名：
五、请求信
example 1.1903 huashan road
shanghai 200030 july 8, 1995
dear sirs，i wish to enroll your intensive english program before i attend a university in the fall of sending me application materials at your earliest convenience will be greatly ely yours，wang xiaoping
example xiaoping
1903 huashan road
shanghai 200030
july 6,1998
dear sirs，i want to pursue a master’s degree in electrical engineering at your intended date of entrance is spring, you please send me the application forms for admission?
sincerely yours
wang xiaoping
六、布告(announcement)：布告的写作和便条一样，也比较简单。只要注意以下几点即可：
1．在正文上方的中间位置应该注明布告的性质。2．
正文中简单明了地说明布告的事宜。3．
正文右下方应该注明发布告的单位。4．
发布告的日期可以省略。sample:
lost and found a lady has picked a wrist watch in the shopping center and turned it over to our owner of the wrist watch may come to claim it with his or her identification and found office
七、(notice)：英文通知的写作也可采用不同形式。有的是采用句子的形式予以陈述，而有的则只做以简单的罗列。一般应注意以下几点： 1．必须包括notice字样，而且每个字母都应采用大写。
2．内容必须包括时间、地点、事宜和通知对象等。表达须准确，措词也要较正式。
3．必须包括写通知的个人或者单位的称谓，而且一般都放在通知的右下脚。
4．必须包括写通知的日期。
sample:
notice
may 4, 2003 , the general manager of shanghai golden palm computer system limited company, will give a lecture on modern information management model at 6:30 march one-and-a-half-hour lecture will be held in the multi-media lecture ts of information management are invited to attend the ation management department
example 拟一张请计算机系的学生于10月5号星期三下午1：30到系会议室听关于环境保护报告的通知。
notice
oct.2, 2004 all students of the computer department are requested to meet in the department conference room at 1:30 wednesday, october5, to hear a report on environmental computer department office
八．便条 基本写作格式
便条内容和类型不尽相同，可以灵活变通。但各类便条必须包括以下几个基本要素；1）date：便条日期2）salutation：称呼3）body：正文4）signature：署名
样例
收条：即收到钱物之后，给交钱或送物人写张字据，说明已经收到某物，可留作证据。条据上需写明钱物名称和数量、立据人及日期。不得涂改。
jan.23rd,2003received from student, wang zihao one hundred yuan only for this months tuition manfor the finance office offoreign language institute
欠条；留下字据，表示欠某人某物。条据上需写明钱物名称和数量、立据人及日期。不得涂改。
sept.16th, 2002borrowed from the foreign language department reference library three books as follows:a copy of history and anthology of english literature by wu weirena copy of a survey of american literature by chang yaoxina copy of world literature by jiang chengen
wu zhuo
for the office of
social science department
留言：用书面留下要说的话。留言涉及的方面很多，包括约会，通知，请求等任何可用便条留下的口信。
tuesdaydear li,as the spring festival is drawing near, im very glad to invite you to come to a dinner party with several other friends of sure we will have a very happy time and enjoy ourselves you like to come on time at 5:00 , to room 6 of lijing hotel?
yours always, jiayang
请假条：往往指由于生病或特殊情况不能亲自当面请假，用假条的形式告假。所以，请假条大多是病假条。可以自写，也可请他人代写。写假条最重要的是说明原因和请假的期限。
jan.10thdear ,i am terribly sorry that i shall be unable to attend this mornings two periods of english class due to a bad cold and high ed is a certificate from the doctor who said i must stay in bed for a few days.i will go back to school as soon as i respectfully,tian ye
常用句子i shall feel obliged if you will favor me with a call at your earliest convenience.如您方便，请早日来电，我将不胜感激。
delighted!will call at 2 ow.来条收悉，定于明天下午两点拜访。
encl.: doctors certificate of advice.附；医生证明i shall be bery happy to call at your house at 6:30 this then,...我定于今晚6：30去你家，望等候。
upon receiving this note, please come to my office.见条后，请立即来我办公室。
stands in urgent need of your service.李先生急需你的帮助。
i happen to be in urgent need of 200 yuan.我因有急事，需要200元。
yours note with an admission ticket enclosed is much appreciated.留言和一张入场券均已收到，不胜感激。
im very grateful to you for your kind invitation, and im sure to come to see your concert.承蒙邀请观看你们的音乐会，我一定按时到场。
please accept this little figt as a small token of my esteen for you.奉上这小小的礼物，以表达我对您的崇高敬意。
结束语i trust my absence will not cause you any serious inconvenience.望我的缺席不会给你带来太大的不便。
please favor me with an early reply.敬请早复。
hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.希望能及早处理此事。
please give an extension of leave for three days.请准予续假三天为盼。
九、简历(resume)简 历 1 结构要点: 简历是个人经历的书面表达形式，应包含个人信息、教育背景和工作经历。有时还可包含事业目标（objective或career objective）、其他经历（activities）、获奖情况（awards）和特长（special skills）等。举例：suppose you are going to graduate from the a resume in about 100 words to apply for a not use your own name, using “li mei” :
resume personal data: name:li mei sex:female address: room 602, dormitory building 12,wuhan university wuhan, hubei, 430021 date of birth:june 16, 1983 place of birth:zunyi, guizhou telephone:(027)87273548, *** email:angellimei@ hobbies:painting, reading, internet surfing, dancing foreign languages:english objective: to work as a regional sales representative who is responsible for sales activity and coordination education:
2002 ~ present studying at wuhan university bachelor of arts in finance 1999 ~ 2002 studying at zunyi no.1 high school 1996 ~ 1999 studying at zunyi no.7 junior high school work experience: none special skills and technical qualifications:
i am professionally trained in finance and addition to mandarin, i can speak, write and read english fluently.i had two parttime jobs in taiping company and zhida company, which helped me gain some sales operation knowledge and sales plan-ning experience
简 历
语言注意点: 简历忌过长或用词空泛，提供的信息应有用、如实，编排须整齐有系统。
举例：suppose you are tan wen, english teacher at taiyuan institute of a resume in about 100 words to apply for a new job in another : tan wen taiyuan institute of technology taiyuan, shanxi province telephone:(0351)6523787 experience 2000 ~ present working as a lecturer of english at taiyuan institute of technology teaching undergraduate(nonenglish majors)intensive reading, extensive reading, listening, writing teaching graduate(nonenglish majors)writing education 1997 ~ 2000 studying at shanghai teacher's university master of arts in american studies 1993 ~ 1997 studying at shanxi university bachelor of arts in english language and literature 1990 ~ 1993 studying at mianyang senior high school 1987 ~ 1990 studying at mianyang no.5 junior high school personal data sex: female date of birth: june 27, 1976 place of birth: mianyang, sichuan, china marital status: married, without child health: excellent
十、申请信
结构要点申请信是向收信人提出某个请求的信件，包含三个部分： 1． 提出请求； 2． 说明原因； 3． 请求回复并表示感谢。
举例：write a letter in about 100 words to apply for a scholarship from a foreign not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “li ming” sir, i wish to apply for admission to your department as a graduate student.i am writing to ask whether it will be possible for you to grant me a full scholarship.i have just graduated from shanghai university of finance and economics and got my bachelors degree last my four years in the university, i have passed all the compulsory courses of study with high rmore, i have chosen a wide range of optional courses such as literary, history and public speaking to widen my horizon and sharpen my father, a professor of english in nanjing university, has been teaching me english since i was a i believe i will not have any language difficulties while learning in your country.i would be most grateful if my request receives your favorable you in advance and look forward to your early sincerely, li ming 语言注意点申请信开篇应点明主题，语言简练。接着说明做此申请的原因，即自己所具备的申请条件，这一部分需重点明确，论述充分。最后请求回复并表示感谢时，应采用礼貌、诚恳的措辞。
举例：write a letter in about 100 words to apply for a membership in a community service not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “li ming” sir, i have heard that a service team which aims to help the old and the handicapped will be organized in our community.i am very interested in it and want to join the team.i now study in tongji university and my parents live is known to all that it is a virtue to help others in a college student, i am eager to do something for the g others is meaningful in that we not only bring others convenience and strength but also gain pleasure and satisfaction ore, please allow me to join the team.i will certainly try my sincerely, li ming
考研英语写作篇五
应用文
满分策略：
3.1信函写作：称呼、正文、落款 第一步：审题—判断是个人书信&事务公函
决定：
语域使用：正式:使用礼貌表达,不用缩略语（对公）
半正式: 可以使用缩略和口语表达（对私）
非正式:（一般不考）——it depends 呼语: 特定的写信对象：dear xx;不明确收信人：dear sir/madam, or to whom it may concern，3.1.2正文 三段（8句）：写作目的段、细化段、感谢或者期待。各种信函内容安排
建议信：2007年及2009年part a真题及解析： 基本结构：
dear„/to whom it may concern, 第一段：写信目的，自我介绍,赞扬在先,仍需改进。第二段：建议细节。
第三段：期望改进,表示感谢。
yours sincerely，li ming 2007年part a 真题及解析（建议信）：
directions: write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its should write about 100 words on answer sheet not sign your own name at the end of the “li ming” not write the whom it may concern, i am a student in this university who regularly comes to the library to spend my spare lly speaking, the services you offer here are quite good;however, i have some suggestions for you to i would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into begin with, will you please prolong the time for reading? in the daytime, most of the students are having classes, so they can’t come to the er, some of the books on shelves are out of you are so kind as to provide us some books such as the latest magazines, we will be very pleased.i really wish to have a more comfortable you for your time and sincerely, li ming
建议信框架：
dear xx/to whom it may concern, i am xxx who„.generally speaking, the services you offer here are quite good;however, i have some suggestions for you to begin with,„建议一； moreover, „建议二。
thank you for your time and i would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into sincerely, li ming 投诉信
与投诉信比较：仍然以提建议为主,无需赞扬,直接表明写信目的—即提建议,最后无需感谢,只需表示期待改进。
基本结构：
第一段： 自我介绍，陈述事由，提出建议。
第二段：投诉细节（补救细节）。第三段：期待改进。投诉信框架：
dear xx/to whom it may concern, i am xxx who„.i am writing to express my dissatisfaction/disappointment about„（投诉信）。具体事由。to improve the situation, it is advisable for you to take the following measures。
to begin with,„细节一； moreover, „细节二。
we trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind
yours sincerely, li ming 致歉信：2008parta真题及解析 基本结构和常用句型：
dear„, 第一段：表明写信目的：道歉，阐述道歉原因, 第二段：提出解决方法。
第三段：再次道歉。
sincerely yours, li ming 2008 part a 真题及解析（致歉信）： directions: you have just come back from canada and found a music cd in your luggage that you forgot to return to bob, your landlord him a letter to 1)make an apology, and 2)suggest a should write about 100 words on answer sheet not sign your own name at the den of the “li ming” not write the address.解析
dear bob, i am writing to express my apology to l days ago, i borrowed your music cd when i lived in your unately, after i came back from canada, i found it in my in such a hurry that i forgot to return it to you.i will send it to you by post of expose as soon as necessary, i will compensate for any troubles it may again, i feel so sorry for any inconvenience accept my ely yours, li ming 道歉信框架： dear xx, i am writing to apologize to you for my failing to „.道歉理由。
excuse me for my carelessness in making such a make up for the inconvenience caused, i would like to...补偿一。补偿二。
once again, i feel so sorry for any inconvenience accept my ely yours, li ming
辞职信：2005年part a真题及解析（辞职信）： 基本结构： dear„，yours sincerely, li ming 2005年part a 真题及解析（辞职信）： directions: two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine design and now you find that the work is not what you decide to a letter to your boss, , telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an your letter with no less than 100 it neatly on answer sheet not sign your own name at the end of the letter;use “li ming” do not need to write the , i am writing this letter to apologize that i will quit the position as an editor of your magazine for the reason of months ago, i was accepted by the design and fashions as a member of it.i was deeply impressed by the kindness, diligence of all staff members around during the span of working here, i have come to realize that the job probably is not suitable for me because i want a more peaceful life, such as a you know that i am not an outgoing girl.i find that i am not able to devote all my efforts to a job which i do not really i am awfully sorry to tell you my decision to accept my sincerely, li ming 辞职信框架 dear xx，yours sincerely, li ming
慰问信： 基本结构： dear„，yours sincerely, li ming 范文解析： dear li gang, i was really shocked and saddened to hear of your unhappy experience in the is little that anyone can say or do at a time like this to ease your grief, but i would express my deepest the next day or so you will receive a little package from me.i hope you like it, and that it will be useful at your present ’s more, please don’t hesitate to contact me if there is anything else i can do now and always.i do hope you will soon get well again and be able to come back to assured of my availability and eagerness to help in any way i sincerely，li ming 慰问信框架 dear xx，yours sincerely, li ming
dear xx，yours sincerely, li ming li ming 祝贺信： 基本结构： dear„，yours sincerely, li ming
范文解析：
dear zhang jian, i am just as proud as you can be of you and send my sincerest congratulations on your admission to beijing university as a the past four years, you kept improving and devoted yourself into your major study.i am delighted that the four years of your study has been rewarded in this is obvious that you will have a promising future in front of tulations again.i wish you will make great achievement in you future study and life.i am looking forward to hearing more good news in your studies and research sincerely, li ming
祝贺信框架
dear xx, i am just as proud as you can be of you and send my sincerest congratulations on„.during the past four years, you kept improving and devoted yourself into„.i am delighted that the four years of your effort has been rewarded in this is obvious that you will have a promising future in front of tulations again.i wish you will make great achievement in you future study and life.i am looking forward to hearing more good news in your studies and research sincerely, li ming 邀请信：
a)基本结构：
dear„, yours sincerely, li ming 范文解析：
dear professor wang, it is my honor to inform you that there is a “culture festival” held in mu you like to give us an excellent lecture on psychology in the auditorium of our campus at 6:30 p.m., sept.13th? since psychology has caused more and more concerns among the students, and you are an expert in the area, we all expect your acceptance and your wonderful lecture.i very much hope that you will accept the i am looking forward to hearing back from sincerely, li ming b)常用句型：
we are having a farewell party/a gather together/meeting/seminar in(place)on(date)at(time).would you like to come?(不太正式)
it is my honor to inform you that there is an academic meeting in(place)on(date)at(time).we would be too glad to invite you as„(正式)
i very much hope that you will accept the i am looking forward to hearing back from you.感谢信：（重要）
基本结构 dear„，yours sincerely, li ming
范文解析： dear jim, i am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.i am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day, when i was knocked off my bike by a it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid, i fear that the consequences might have been much more ne agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory gh nowadays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish, we see very few people practice what they there were more people like you, this world would be a much nicer sincerely, li ming 感谢信框架（重要）
dear jim，yours sincerely, li ming 申请信:2006年part a 真题及解析（申请信&请求信：工作，求学，奖学金）基本结构和常用句型： dear„, 告知信息来源及写信目的
突出重点的自我介绍（专业，学习成绩，英语水平，学习能力，性格及合作精神）, 附简历, 表示感谢。
yours sincerely，li ming
申请信:其他
2006年part a真题及解析（申请信&请求信）directions：
you want to contribute to project hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your your letter in no less than 100 it neatly on answer sheet not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use“li ming” not write the address.（10points）解析：
to whom it may concern, i am writing this letter to you to ask if there is a child in need of financial sponsorship through the hope foundation。
i am willing to give financial aid to those children who have not had a chance to receive education in poverty-stricken area.i would like to help two kinds of children：first ,those who do not have a stable source which can cover their education fees, and second, those whose academic performance in school is excellent.i have decided to commit myself to save the necessary financial aid required to accomplish my goal.i have not doubt(there is not doubt)that i meet the criteria required for a sponsor and look forward to hearing from sincerely，li ming
常用句型：
i learnt from the newspaper that you want an accountant and i would like to apply for the job i am writing to apply for enclosed is my resume to provide additional information about my undergraduate work.i would appreciate the opportunity to meet with you to discuss further how my qualifications meet the needs of your you for your time and consideration.推荐信
框架
第一段：写信目的，指出写信人和被推荐人的关系，第二段：推荐原因（品质，能力，性格等）：多写优点肯定成绩。
第三段：总结说明被推荐人值得被推荐（例如能胜任某项工作）。范文
dear sir/ madam, it is with great pleasure that i recommend to you zhang jian, an outstanding graduate majoring in business administration.i have been in charge of ’s class since they were freshmen, so i know his is courteous, sincere and took several courses in computer science, which strengthened his administration his excellent communication ability and a good command of english add a lot to his managerial skills.i believe zhang jian is the right person for the position as an administrator in your company.i recommend him without reservation and believe you will find him a helpful and responsible staff sincerely, li ming
询问信：考研英语大纲样题应用文部分（询问信）：
基本结构和常用句型：
dear „, 自我介绍,表明写信目的是咨询某事。
询问细节。
感谢及相关信息。
yours sincerely, li ming 常用句型：
27.i am writing this letter to inquire about „ 28.i want to/would like to know „ 29.i wonder if „
it be possible for you to „? should i pay for these books?—by cash or by other means? y, if i order these books now, when can i get them? how will these books be delivered to my house? 33.i should be grateful if you could give me an early reply.3.2 备忘录/告示类应用文写作（memorandum/notice）
告示类
标题居中—notice/announcement 日期---标题下一行右侧（jan.7, 2012）
正文：
第一段 通知目的
第二段 具体信息
第三段 联系方式、表示欢迎 范文分析
announcement
jan.7, 2012 in order to improve students’ ability, the postgraduate association is recruiting volunteers for a conference about globalization which will be held in the coming begin with, the volunteers are requested to speak english fluently and are expected to be active and rmore, the volunteers will be trained for 5 days and therefore the senior students with more free time are who is interested with it please contact us, and send your resume to the email address: 123456@
postgraduate association memo基本结构： to: from: subject: date:（month day,year）
正文
签名 模拟题及范文： directions: you are an active member of the student newspaper is currently looking for journalists for the summer a memo that will appear in the newspaper next week describing the position : august 10,2005 to: all students from: li ming
3.3 摘要写作（abstract）
this article focuses on the „.this thesis discuss/analyzes„.this paper provides an overview of „
this paper presents up-to-date information on „
