范文为教学中作为模范的文章,也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考,也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗?下面我给大家整理了一些优秀范文,希望能够帮助到大家,我们一起来看一看吧。
四年级数学说课稿下册篇一
教师的教学方案必须建立在学生的基础之上,新课程标准指出:“数学课程不仅要考虑教学自身的特点,更应遵循学生学习数学的心理规律,强调从学生已有的生活经验出发……数学教学活动必须建立在学生的认知发展水平和已有知识经验基础之上。学生的数学学习应当是一个生动活泼、主动而富有个性的过程,更让学生经历数学知识的形成过程。”
人教版四年级下册《数学》教材第四单元中“小数的产生和意义”是在三年级“分数的初步认识”和“小数的初步认识”的基础上教学的,这一内容既是前面知识的延伸,也是系统学习小数的开始。通过这部分内容的教学,使学生进一步理解小数的意义和性质,为以后学习小数四则运算打好基础。
遵循以上教学理念,因此我在制定本课时教学目标时注意联系生活,尽量联系学生身边的事物,充分利用有效资源让学生经历数学知识的探究与发现的过程,使他们在动手、动脑、动口中理解知识、掌握方法,学会思考、获得积极的情感体验,促进自身全面和谐发展,因此制定以下目标:
1、通过教具演示和联系实际使学生在初步认识小数的基础上知道小数的产生,理解小数的意义。
2、使学生知道小数是在实际生活中产生的,并有着广泛的应用,认识小数与分数之间的内在联系、小数的计数单位,从而对小数的概念有更清楚的认识。
3、在学习过程中,让学生懂得生活中处处有数学,了解数学的价值,增强对数学的理解和应用数学的信心。
本课时的教学重点是使学生明确小数的产生和意义、小数与分数的联系、小数的计数单位,从而对小数的概念有更清楚的认识。
教学难点是小数的意义的探究过程。
突破重难点的方法:
使学生深刻理解把一个整体平均分成10份、100份、1000份……这样的一份或几份可以用分母10、100、1000……的分数来表示,这些分数的计数单位分别是十分之一、百分之一、千分之一……写作小说分别是0.1、0.01、0.001……通过让学生在小组内讨论、合作交流的学习中解决0.1里面有几个0.01;0.01里面有几个0.001,让学生深刻体会每相邻两个计数单位间的进率都是10。
这节内容选择的教学方法为尝试法、讲授法、练习法等,选择的依据是学生已有的知识的情况和学生的接受能力。
为了达到上述目标,我的教学设计包含有四个环节的内容:
第一个环节是创设情境,引入新课。
教师通过让学生先估测再测量2米长的红丝带和60厘米长的绿丝带、量数学课本的长的估一估、量一量的游戏活动激发学生的学习热情。当教师让学生用米作单位说出它们的长度时,学生心理产生了矛盾,因为有些测量结果不够1米,无法得到整数的结果。这时教师引出不够1米的部分如果用米作单位,需要用其它数来表示,由此引出“小数”。学生通过测量亲自体验了小数产生的必要性,从而喜欢上小数,对什么是小数产生了神秘感,激发了学生的学习兴趣和探究的欲望。
第二个环节探究小数的意义。
小数的意义是个十分抽象的概念,小学生理解起来比较难。新课程理念下的.概念教学应改变死记硬背、机械训练的方式,防止重结论,轻过程的做法,积极组织有效的数学活动,倡导学生主动参与、乐与研究实现师生互动、共同研究探讨的方法,让学生在数学活动中去体验、去思考,构建数学概念。因此,在教学中我力求引导学生在测量、观察等操作的基础上,从直观的1米平均分成10份、100份、1000份,让学生用米为单位分别用整数、分数、小数来表示,从而过渡到一位小数、两位小数、三位小数的意义的形成。学生始终参与到概念的探究过程中,通过比较、归纳、分析和综合最后抽象出小数的意义。
第三个环节是巩固练习、拓展提升。
当学生成功解决一个问题后趁热打铁,将它拓展变化来解决生活中的问题。比如:给生活中的小数分类。老师没有直接告诉学生小数的计数单位是什么;每相邻两个计数单位间的进率是10,而是通过闯智慧关的游戏方式让学生从解决问题中发现、归纳出来。我认为这样能促使学生进行多角度、多方面、多层次的探索,以练习的形式探索出小数的计数单位、以每相邻两个计数单位之间的进率是10。符合学生的认知规律,培养学生应用所学知识解决问题的能力,发散了学生的思维,培养学生的合作交流意识和创新意识。
第四个环节是师生进行全课小结。
教师问:“这节课的学习内容是什么?你有什么收获?”来对本节课所学的知识加以梳理总结,最后教师出示大发明家爱迪生的一句格言:天才=1/100的灵感+99/100的勤奋,让学生用小数把等式中的分数表示出来,达到巩固新知的目的。
教师:“这是大发明家爱迪生用加法描述的一句格言,你明白其中的道理吗?”从而让学生明白:人必须勤奋才能有所成就!祝同学们都能成为天才!人才!成为一个对国家有用的人。
四年级数学说课稿下册篇二
本节课的教学内容是北师大四年级下册第七单元《认识方程》的第三课时,本单元教学方程的知识,是在四年级(下册)“用字母表示数”的基础上编排的。为了使学生体会方程是拥有平衡的内在相等关系的等式,刻画现实世界的一个有效的数学模型,产生学习方程的欲望,教材设置了多方面的问题情境,让学生从这些具体的情境中获取信息,发现等量关系并用自己的语言加以表述,然后尝试用含有字母的等式——方程表示各个相等关系。教材非常重视对相等关系的挖掘和描述,为后面列方程解决实际问题打下了良好的基础。
教学目标:
1、理解方程的含义。
2、能用方程表示简单的等量关系。而情感态度价值观靠教师情感和教师的一举一动进行渗透,一般不作为教学目标向学生展示。但由于自己教师语言少,所以渗透的不是很好。
教学重难点:
理解方程的含义。能用方程表示简单的等量关系。
先学、后教、检测,检测中发现错误,要及时更正,但在这一环节中,不是教师更正,而是学生自我进行更正,也就是“兵教兵”,所以,在检测的时候,我先叫的是不好的学生,不好的学生在做题的时候出现了错误,让好学生去帮助,这样,好学生又更进一步的掌握了知识,
本节课,我主要是让学生看课本中的内容,“看图看文——结合图找相等关系——列方程——总结等式的特点”每一步都让学生自主去完成,。
第一步:板书课题,出示教学目标。
第二步:出示自学指导,认真看课本p88的内容,看图、看文字
(根据下列提示:1、天平保持平衡,说明了什么?2、x+5=10,x+5、10、”=”各表示什么意思?3、结合图1,从图2、图3中找出相等关系)
思考:等式有什么特点?
第三步:先学
1、看一看。
(认真看课本p88的内容,看图、看文字。)
2、做一做。
(请名一板演,其余练习本完成。)
第四步:后教。
1、更正。
2、讨论(议一议)。
⑴评议对错。
⑵评议板书。
⑶小结等式的特点?
3、加强训练。
第五步:全课小结。
第六步:当堂完成作业。
由于自己的教学经验和能力水平有限,而且有是第一次用这种模式上课,所以在课堂组织上出现很多不足,敬请各位同行能批评指正,你们认真的点评将会促进一个年轻教师长足的进步。谢谢大家。
四年级数学说课稿下册篇三
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四年级数学说课稿下册篇四
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四年级数学说课稿下册篇六
课程改革,让我们每一位数学老师强烈意识到,数学与生活紧密相联。统计与概率既是生活内容,也是数学内容。今天我说课的内容就是西师版课标教材小学数学四年级下册的统计知识dd条形统计图。
本单元,是继学习了单式条形统计图和相应统计表后出现的复式条形统计图的知识。这后还会认识更多形式和种类的统计图,如复式折线统计图、扇形统计图等。不难看出,本单元内容既是旧知的迁移与发展,也是以后学习的认知桥梁。
单元内有4个例题,前两例在于帮助学生认识特征,后两例引导学生学会画图。而本课学习例1、例2。例1以回顾旧知为起点,引入复式条形统计图并初步认识。例2则重在会看条形统计图,会简单的分析统计数据并填写相应的统计表。在教学设计中,我将创造性地使用教材,充分利用例1的素材与例2有机整合,完成整课的教学dd认识复式条形统计图。
学生是学习的主体。
四年级下学期的学生,已经具备了初步的观察、分析能力。但形象思维仍占主要地位。
在第一学段中,已掌握部分统计知识,具有一定的收集、整理、描述、分析数据的能力。
而通过长期地学习策略和思维的训练,我班的孩子,不但基础扎实而且思维活跃。具备一定的自主探究、合作学习的经验与能力。
根据内容的分析和学生的把握。确定以下教学目标:
通过实例,认识复式条形统计图及相应的统计表。
能根据统计结果作出分析,判断、预测,解决简单的实际问题。进一步培养学生的统计意识和能力。
经历观察分析数据的过程,让学生体验统计在日常生活中的价值。
鉴于预设的目标,学生的认知水平,认为本课的重点为:认识复式条形统计图的特征,会正确分析相关的数据。难点为:知道条形统计图中单式与复式的区别。
我校进行了3年的《小学数学学习策略和思维策略》的课题研究,引发教师教学方式和学生学习方式的变革。本课就主要采用了其中的“问题探究策略”。问题探究策略,以问题为核心,以研究问题为重点,以培养学生思维策略为目标,设计迁移性、过渡性、反馈性、强化性、延伸性等问题。通过有效问题的有效解决,以促进学生的认知发展。肖伯纳说过:“倘若你有一个苹果,我也有一个苹果,而我们彼此交换这些苹果,那么你和我仍然各有一个苹果,但是,倘若你有一种思想,我有一种思想,而我们彼此交流这些思想,那么,我们每个人各有两种思想。”说明合作交流是一种学习,更是一种创新。在教学策略的引领下,学生的学习方式采用“自主探究、合作学习”为主。
因此教学过程设计为:创设情景,提出问题,探索问题,解决问题,深化认识,运用提高六个环节。围绕“问题”展开教学。
1、创设情景。
为使教学与生活紧密相联。创设了我任教的“四年级三班和四班的学生”准备去郊游的情景。并提问:“这次郊游当中准备开展五个活动,每人可选一项,事先要知道我们班参加各项活动的人数,怎么办?”学生自然的想到要事先进行统计才行,从而产生统计需要。并立即让学生自主开展统计活动。于是,由真实的情景转入学习的初期活动。经历收集、整理数据的过程,并在事先准备的表格纸上制出一张统计图。
与此同时,我将另一个班参加各项活动人数的统计图展示给学生。看到两张反映不同班级学生人数情况的统计图,自然地会进行比较分析。于是提出活动中的一个关键问题。
2、提出问题。
利用两张统计图中人数接近的一项活动。设问:“三班和四班参加××的人数,谁多谁少?”凭借肉眼观察,肯定会有不同答案,进而发生争执。此时此刻,引导学生想办法。可能会说到用直尺量高度,用直尺比刻度等方法(课件展示)。给予肯定的同时,追问:“有没有简单的方法,能一目了然地看清谁多谁少?”自然会产生把两张统计图合二为一的需要。顺水推舟抛出核心问题:怎样将两张统计图,合二为一?学生在认知需要和问题驱使下,就开始问题的探索。
3、探索问题。
我预设,学生可能会生成这些方法(课件展示)。面对众多的方法,“你认为哪种方法好?说说理由。”引导学生运用“选择探究策略”进行合理选择。让学生体会方法多样性的同时,又懂得寻求方法的合理性。
当两张统计图合并后,继续引导学生探索。问:把这张统计图给班主任,能看明白吗?”“怎样才能使班主任知道哪种直条表示
哪个班的人数呢?”从而在争论、交流中认识复式统计图图例的作用,体验统计图表示的严密性。
4、解决问题。
建构主义认为:新知,纳入认知系统中,形成新的知识结构,才完成了认知的建构,新知的内化。把复式条形统计图,纳入已有的统计知识中,并明确它的特点,完成知识建构。于是组织学生开展讨论。弄清:“这种新的条形统计图与以前学习的统计图有什么区别?”在相互交流中充分明白复式条形统计图的特点。一有两种颜色的条形;二有图例。三还能反映两组数据情况。充分了解复式条形统计图的内涵后,自然地揭示它的概念名称dd复式条形统计图。
5、深化认知。
问题得以解决,认识如何深化呢?继续利用好例1的素材,让学生发表意见,提出问题和活动建议。如:两个班参加什么项目人数最多?三班参加野炊的人数比四班多几人?等。在提出问题和解决问题中,培养学生对统计结果进行分析的习惯和能力。
树立“学习论”为中心的现代教学观念是课改的追求。为此,让学生自主填写统计表。在任务驱使下,主动学会看懂统计表,并思考填写的方法。学生可能会一行一行地填,也会一栏一栏地填等,从中体会到解决同一问题的不同方法。沟通统计图与统计表之间内在的联系,明确各自的优越性。从而深化学生对复式条形统计图的认识。
6、运用提高。
学以致用。组织学生以小组合作学习的形式完成基本练习dd课堂活动第1和第2题。统计学认为,收集、分析数据,是为预测、干预未来数据和解决问题服务的。为培养学生的预测意识和能力,设计一个拓展问题:“根据你们的分析,预测一下如果再投一次,小刚和小强分别会投进几个呢?”,从而培养学生思维能力。
为让学生充分地体验复式条形统计图产生的过程,将改变以往在黑板上板书的做法,充分利用多媒体随机生成的功能,将生成的复式条形统计图保留在大屏幕上。直观具体、简洁明了。符合视觉习惯和认知规律。从而提高课堂教学效率。
本课的教学力求体现以生为本的思想,充分联系学生的生活实际和已有经验,紧扣教学重点,有机整合教材,创造性使用教材。问题探究策略的运用,使学生在核心问题的启发下,积极主动的探究学习,促进学生思维的进一步发展。