在日常的学习、工作、生活中,肯定对各类范文都很熟悉吧。相信许多人会觉得范文很难写?以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文,仅供参考,一起来看看吧
高中地理说课稿全套篇一
本节课源于人教版必修二第二章问题研究,该节课主要是要求同学们能够对于前面知识的运用,能够结合所学分析住房应考虑的因素,城市化过程中发生的负效应,对于城市化我们应该如何冷静的分析面对,运用到现实生活中。
知识目标:购房影响因素;
理解郊区化和逆城市化的含义及特点,能够分析材料现象。
能力目标:能够分析自身因素,及社会环境等因素,合理地选择住房
情感目标:树立对于城市化应有的情感态度,结合自身不要随意的判断一件事物的好坏。
如何综合各方面因素合理地选择住房
郊区化和逆城市化的理解
郊区化和逆城市化的理解
小组探讨、调查研究、对比归纳
课本资料、多媒体
1、利用课前小组探究形式对所学问题进行相关调查,培养学生深入生活交际表达能力以及合作探究能力;
2、通过对比总结得出结论,提高学生分析概括能力,抓住事物本质特征解决问题;
1.导入学习
课前我让同学们调查分析了住房选择问题,今天我们就来看一下同学们的成果,总结出购房的原则性问题,合理地指导我们购房。
◆设计意图:直接导入,开门见山,因为事前已经让同学们预习调查过了,知道了要学习的内容,同学们都期待展现成果,故直接表现同学们的内心节约时间。
2. 活动设计
课前活动:分成四组,对南京三个住房地段进行调查,新街口夫子庙、板仓、仙林,对住房居民进行问卷调查,自行设计调查问卷,分析该地段的房价要求,居民的要求,居民为何要在该地段购买住房,基础设施设置等等其它与居民购房有关的因素。
◆设计意图:利用课前小组探究形式对所学问题进行相关调查,不仅让学生掌握知识了解知识来源于社会还能培养学生深入生活交际表达能力以及合作探究能力;
3.问题设计
同学们,不知道你们在调查过程中是否发现一个问题,郊区的房子,特别是别墅,都是些高档居所,许多有钱人的居住场所,那为什么会这样呢?伴随着城市化进程中居民都往城里挤,为什么还会有许多有钱人往郊区搬呢?这就是我们今天要研究的第二个问题:逆城市化。
◆设计意图:承转过渡知识,从购房选择因素的学习过渡到郊区化的学习,同时培养学生发现问题的能力,给学生以启迪。
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高中地理说课稿全套篇二
内容选自人教版地理教材必修2第四章第二节《工业地域的形成》。主要讲述了工业集聚与工业地域和工业分散与工业的地域联系两部分内容。是工业区位论部分内容的延伸,又是新旧工业区部分内容的基础。本节内容较为简单,没有过于繁琐的理论和记忆性内容,只需学生掌握工业集聚或工业分散的原因和优势所在即可。在此需要强调的是工业集聚与工业分散没有好坏之分,都是为了获取更大的效益而采取的经营策略。
知识目标:掌握工业集聚的原因和两种模式的特点。掌握工业分散的原因和优势所在。
能力目标:能够应用所学内容解释相关产业现象。
德育目标:看待事物要全面,分析问题要顾及利弊两方面内容,做到具体问题具体分析。
教学重点:即知识目标,掌握工业集聚的原因和两种模式的特点,掌握工业分散的原因和优势所在。
教学难点:即能力目标,能够应用所学内容解释相关产业现象。
讲述法
多媒体电脑
本节内容的学习重点在于对例子的引述和理解,学习难度不是很大,一般掌握工业集聚或工业分散的原因和优势所在即可,并且能够应用相关理论解释一般的工业现象。因工业集聚而形成的工业地域是一个有机的整体,而非简单的机械拼凑,无论是在工序上存在工业联系还是仅仅在空间上存在工业联系,它们都一同构成了具有协作关系的工业地域。所有工业集聚的原因都是为了降低生产成本而获取更大的效益。与之相对应的是工业分散的现象,它往往发生在体积小、重量轻、价格昂贵的电子产品生产领域,是现代交通、通信技术发达以后产生的工业现象,目的是为了利用不同区域的优势区位条件,以节约开支。在学习中需要注意,工业集聚不一定就要优于工业分散,而工业分散也不见得就比工业集聚来得高级,它们是没有好坏之分的,目的都是一致的。
课文引入前有必要对上一节的内容进行回顾,作为本章基础的工业区位论的内容虽然没有直接在本节中提到,但是却无时无刻不影响着教学的进程。接着针对本节课所讲述的两个重点内容分别提出现实生活中所对应的例子,引起学生对此类问题的关注。例如,电子产品的原件标示了许多生产国的名字;工厂总是集聚在工业中心而非平均分配在每个地块上。两个例子分别是对工业分散和工业聚居两种现象提出来的,很具有代表性。我们往往很忌讳在正式的课堂上掺杂有考试的内容,这就如同学习只是为了考试一样,其实不妨把二者有机的结合在一起,使问题的转述更加契合教材的内容,让常见的考试内容化作案例融汇在课堂中,将使教学效果更加显著。
接下来需要讲授的是工业集聚的内容。首先要对工业集聚的两种模式进行讲解。对于工序上的工业联系学生是比较容易接受的,只需一语道破它的关键所在:一家工厂的产品是另一家工厂的生产原料即可。而对于空间上的工业联系,学生在理解方面很容易出现纰漏,将这种联系看作是布袋里的沙子,彼此间并没有什么关联,都是人为撮合在一起的。其实地域上的工业联系也是一个有机的整体,同样需要彼此间的合作。而一定的工业区域内也并非任何企业都是可以进驻的,这往往需要政府的政策指导,制定一定的准入制度,所以我们看到的往往都是一些类似的企业集聚在同一工业区内,它们共同打造着一个文化品牌。因此对于本段内容的教学我将尝试着将工业园区的先进理念介绍给学生,让学生从本质上去理解这一工业集聚的现象。
下面要针对工业地域内部的工业联系进行讲解,这里主要涉及到的是工序上的工业联系。在这段文字的处理上,我会将钢铁、石化、机械加工等工业部门分散成一步一步的工序,便于学生理解这种工业上的联系方式与构造,进而对于工业的发育程度这一概念的理解也就相对简单了。
紧接着需要讲述的是工业分散的内容。工业分散是建立在现代的交通运输方式和通信技术与手段上的。它主要针对的是体积小、重量轻、价格昂贵的电子产品生产领域,目的是根据原件的不同性质选择不同的生产地域,利用其各异的优势条件以节省开支。由于案例都是针对高科技产品的生产而提出的,因此在这段教材的教学中我会注意避免将工业分散这一现象描述得更为高级。要让学生明白,无论是工业集聚还是工业分散,它们之间是没有好坏之分的。
最后将进行课堂小结,由于本节内容较少且相对简单,可以在最后适当添加部分练习题,重点考察一二两节的相关知识点。
高中地理说课稿全套篇三
教材简析:内容选自人教版高中地理必修二第三章农业地域的形成与发展第一节农业的区位选择。
课标要求:
1、分析农业区位因素,举例说明主要农业地域类型特点及其形成条件
2、结合所学知识同,判断本地农业地域类型,并分析其形成条件
内容地位与作用:
本节教材以两种不同的农业景观图引入,提高了学生想了解为什么会这样,进而要求获取相关知识的兴趣。教材以文字的形式讲述了区位概念的两层含义,便于学生科学地理解概念。进而以图片的形式向学生展示影响农业区位选择的主要因素,清晰明了,这是本节课的重点内容,这一部分,教师应该给学生进一步讲解这些因素分别是如何影响农业生产的。通过p43的活动1和2,可以培养学生学会分析具体某一农业生产的主要影响因素有哪些,它们是如何影响的。通过活动3则很自然地引入到了农业区位因素的变化知识的讲解,案例1的设置,使学生了解环地中海地区农业因素的变化而带来的农业变迁,使学生掌握农业区位因素并不是一成不变的这一知识点。接着通过文字讲述让学生知道什么是农业地域的概念,知道世界上有多种农业地域类型,通过案例2让学生学会分析澳大利亚混合农业的区位因素及其生产特点,培养学生分析问题解决问题的能力。
1.知识与技能:
(1)、农业区位的含义;
(2)、农业区位选择的主要因素;
(3)、农业地域的概念、类型。
2.过程与方法:
(1)、根据景观图分析区域差异,得出农业区位的影响因素;
(2)、尝试从本地农业生产实际出发,发现问题、分析情况。
3.情感态度与价值观:
激发学生探究地理问题的兴趣和动机,养成良好的学习习惯。
重点:
1、分析农业区位因素,举例说明主要农业地域类型特点及其形成条件。
2、结合所学知识,判断本地农业地域类型,并分析其形成条件。
难点:结合所学知识,判断一地农业地域类型,并分析其形成条件。
讲授法、讨论法、案例分析法
多媒体电脑
一课时
1.利用图文信息,提出知识性和能力性强的思考问题(新课导入)。
2.通过师生共同探究,掌握地理知识、原理与规律(导学探索、新课讲授)。
3.运用综合归纳的方法,提高解决实际问题的能力(总结反馈)。
1.新课导入
用视频以及图片展示导入新课, 设计提问,为什么会出现不同的地区有不同的农业生产方式?
◆设计意图:直观地引入农业生产的区位差异,提高学生想了解为什么会这样,进而要求获取相关知识的兴趣。
2.新课讲授
a.引导学生阅读教材内容,了解农业区位的含义
区位的含义不作为重点内容讲授,只要让学生知道区位的两层含义就可以了。
◆ 设计意图:教师引导阅读,培养学生自主阅读教材获得知识的能力。
b.读图分析,了解并巩固应用农业区位因素
要求学生分析教材图3.3,从而初步了解影响农业生产的因素都有哪些。在学生初步认识影响农业区位选择的因素之后,展示图片:思考分别是什么因素起了主要作用:
◆ 设计意图:培养学生读图思考的能力;培养学生利用所学知识,学以致用,分析各个地区发展农业的影响因素;通过图片分析,帮助学生巩固对农业区位因素的理解。
c.通过活动,引出农业区位因素的变化,并通过读图以及案例《环地中海地区农业的变迁》分析巩固
通过课堂活动:p43活动3题,启示:除了自然因素对农业生产的影响之外,还有哪些因素的影响。(社会经济因素)
并分析图片分别体现哪些社会经济因素对农业生产的影响,最后通过案例分析巩固。
◆设计意图:培养学生独立思考、合作学习的能力。分别说明市场、交通、劳动力、机械和政策对农业生产的影响,让学生切实地考虑,拓展学生思路。教师激发和维持学生学习动机、引导学生、帮助学生自主发现、探索知识,达到巩固所学知识,检验学生的实践应用能力。
d.分析教材,识别图片,理解农业地域
阅读、分析教材,看图识别,研究案例《澳大利亚地混合农业生产》、思考问题、解决问题
◆设计意图:图片展示能清楚直观地说明问题,通过案例分析,了解澳大利亚的混合农业生产,培养学生独立思考问题、解决问题的能力,开拓学生思路。
3.课堂小结:
◆设计意图:帮助学生回顾课堂、巩固所学知识。
4. 反馈练习:
◆设计意图:知识与能力强化训练,巩固本课所学知识,提高应用能力。
高中地理说课稿全套篇四
(一)教材的地位与作用
本节课以河流地貌为案例,剖析外力对地表形态的塑造过程,以及河流地貌对人类活动的影响。本节课的目地是通过对河流地貌形成过程的分析,让学生学会分析外力对地表形态的影响,并将这种案例分析方法迁移到其他外力地貌的学习中。
在分析河流地貌的发育时,分别选取河谷和冲积平原作为河流侵蚀地貌和河流堆积地貌的案例进行剖析,教材还设计了“活动”“案例”,让学生学会分析地貌形成过程的方法及其对人类活动的影响,
(二)教学目标
(1)知识与技能目标:
1.认识河流侵蚀地貌和堆积地貌的形成与发展过程,及其地表形态。
2.运用图文资料分析河流地貌对聚落分布的影响
(2)过程与方法目标:
1.加强学生对已有知识的运用、搜集、整理的能力。
2.让学生学会运用地理信息,说明地理事物的特点或原因,进一步提高学生的分析、归纳能力。
3.插入本土地理知识,学会从身边地理事物人手学习地理。
(3)情感、态度与价值观目标:
1. 进一步丰富学生学习地理的知识,激发学生对地理事物进行分析、探究的兴趣 2. 树立物质是运动的,事物是在不断发生变化的辩证唯物主义观点
(三)教学重点、难点
教学重点:
1.河流的演变过程及对侵蚀地貌与堆积地貌形成的理解;
2.河流地貌对聚落分布的影响。
教学难点:
1.河流演变过程中凹岸侵蚀和凸岸堆积的分析;
2.河流堆积地貌形成过程能力的分析。
通过前面的学习,学生已掌握流水的外力作用方式,特别是高一年的学生,已具备基本的读图能力及从地图上提取、分析、归纳地理信息的能力,但是由于阅历浅,知识面还不够宽等原因,分析较深层次问题的能力有待进一步提高。
课件辅助教学法(教师在课前结合学生收集到的材料制作课件,充分利用国际互联网)、引导启发教学法(在学生讨论交流中教师因势利导,使学生达到改善方法、掌握知识、运用知识发现和解决问题、情感提升的目的)、板图分析法(利用板图边讲边画,图文并茂,更利于学生对知识的掌握,同时还能培养学生绘图能力)。
1.收集资料法:初步学会通过多种途径、运用多种手段收集地理信息,尝试运用所学的地理知识和技能对其进行整理、分析,并把地理信息运用于学习过程。
2.讨论探究法:尝试从学习和生活中发现地理问题,提出探究方案,与他人合作,开展调查研究,提出解决问题的对策。
3.观察对比法:运用适当的方法和手段,表达、交流、反思自己地理学习和探究的体会、见解和成果
高中地理说课稿全套篇五
本节是高一必修上册第二单元《大气环境》第六节内容,主要讲述太阳辐射、大气环流、地面状况和人类活动等气候因子在气候形成中的作用,在这些因子长期相互作用下,导致世界各地区气候特点各不相同。由于本部分内容抽象,使得学生对气候类型的特征理解较难,进而影响了对气候类型的判断。因此,应充分利用好教材所给的气候材料,深入分析气候图。首先利用气候分布图了解气候的分布;根据前面所学太阳辐射分布规律、气压带风带分布规律及影响气候形成因子等相关地理知识原理分析各地气候成因及特征,并通过气候统计图对气温、降水要素的进一步分析加深对气候特征的理解,再通过比较法,找出易混淆的气候类型的异同点,最终达到对各种气候类型进行判断的目的。本节内容的安排遵循了学生的认知规律,循序渐进,前后呼应,步步深入,有很强的逻辑性,是自然地理部分的重点,也是高考考查的重点,因此,具有十分重要的地位。同时该部分是自然地理与区域地理有机的结合,体现了学科知识的综合性,能培养学生运用地理规律解决实际问题的能力,培养学生的读图能力,为今后学习打下很好的基础。
高一学生通过前面知识的学习,已初步掌握了学习地理的一般方法,能够初步根据地图和材料,运用分析、对比的方法,归纳所学的地理知识。但是,由于学生综合分析能力有限,对本部分知识应不断归纳总结,找出规律。再加上学生的知识面有限,生活阅历较浅、对某些气候不熟悉,可选取有关地理素材展示图片可以增加学生对气候特点的感性认识。
1.掌握世界气候类型的`分布规律、成因及特点。
2.掌握气候类型判断的一般步骤和方法。
1.能根据气温曲线图和降水柱状图分析主要气候类型的特点。
2.在活动中锻炼学生搜集、整理、分析和应用地理信息的技能,
3.培养组织协调能力、合作、交流能力和表达能力等。
1.通过让学生了解世界各地不同的气候,培养学生学习地理的兴趣。
2.通过学生对自然科学的探究,养成科学的世界观。
3.能把所学知识应用到区域地理中并解决相关问题。
1.重点:气候类型的分布规律、成因及特点。
2.难点:气候类型的判断
根据教学内容目标和地理科教学特点以及有关的教学规律,即学生由感性认识到理性认识的认知规律,由宏观掌握到微观掌握的规律,教师主导作用与学生主体作相统一规律,主要采取了读图法,直观教学法和讨论式教学法。
1、读图法;2、直观教学法;3、讨论式教学法。
地理新课标倡导自主、探究、体验合作的学习方式,充分尊重学生的主体地位,激发学生的主动性和创造性。因此,教师必须是课堂师生互动的引导者,帮助学生制定适当的学习目标,选择必要的学习策略,创造丰富的教学情景,激发学生的情趣动机,引导学生质疑问难,求索反思,为学生的终身学习和终身发展打下基础。所以,学生在学习时采取如下的学习法:
(1)合作学习法;(2)讨论式学习法;(3)师生互动学习法。
高中地理说课稿全套篇六
自然资源分布和区域社会经济发展的不平衡,使不同地域之间产生了人和物交流的需要。交通运输是实现人和物位移的主要手段,而交通运输线路的布局,会直接影响到社会生活的方方面面。交通运输布局的变化会产生哪些影响呢?课文主要从两部分讲述:
(1)对聚落空间形态的影响。
(2)对商业网点分布的影响。教材的着眼点是交通运输布局变化的影响,强调一个“变”字,体现两个“影响”。
教材文字虽少,但内容与我们生活的环境密切相关。本节配置了许多的“活动”和“案例”,是教材的重要组成部分,学习中应予以足够的重视。通过围绕相关的“活动”设计活动内容教学,既可调动学生积极思维,使学生主动参与学习和活动过程,又培养学生的学习能力和自主探究能力。
1、知识与技能:
(1)结合案例,分析交通运输方式布局变化对聚落空间形态和对商业网点布局的影响。
(2)理论联系实际,培养学生用所学的地理知识发现和解决生活中实际问题的能力。
2、过程与方法:通过案例分析法、合作与探究、对比法,分析交通运输方式布局变化对聚落空间形态和对商业网点布局的影响。
3、情感态度和价值观:
(1)通过学习本节的内容,让学生通过联系生活中的例子,将地理知识生活化,从而理解交通运输布局的变化对城市及其商业网点布局和发展的影响,学会用发展的观点来认识问题、分析问题。
(2)学会用所学地理知识分析城市交通存在的问题并提出合理建议,培养学生参与城市交通布局和建设的责任感,培养学生热爱祖国的感情。
交通运输方式和布局的变化对聚落空间形态和商业网点布局的影响。
培养学生通过案例分析掌握知识的技能。
通过读图分析法、案例分析法、合作探究法、对比法的综合运用,让学生通过读图、分析文字材料和案例材料,提取信息,掌握知识要点交通运输方式和布局的变化对聚落空间形态和商业网点布局的影响,充分发挥教师的主导作用,学生的主体作用,提高学生的综合能力。
在网络环境下,可以充分的收集资料、信息,采用多媒体演示手段通过各种图片资料,强化对学生的感受,更好地进行分析对比。比如,根据图5.8“山区商业网点示意”、图5.9“平原商业网点示意”,对比山区和平原的交通运输方式对商业网点分布的影响,得出山区和平原商业网点分布的特点及其原因。
学生通过多媒体的演示的各种图表,案例资料,通过各种形式的资料讨论,对比,分析并说明交通运输方式和布局变化对聚落空间形态、商业网点布局的影响,能较好地达成课标中知识与技能的要求。
1.导入新课:通过问卷调查“如果你是一名普通的工薪阶层人士,要置业(买房),以下因素中,哪三个你认为是最重要的?”引出交通运输的重要性,引入课题交通运输方式和布局的变化对聚落空间形态和商业网点布局的影响。
2.新课讲授:要了解通运输方式和布局的变化对聚落空间形态的影响,就先跟学生们一起复习有关聚落的基本知识和聚落的形式和空间形态的知识。再通过读图分析比较交通条件对聚落空间形态影响,通过补充知识《大运河沿岸城市的兴衰》来分析说明交通线的发展会带动聚落空间形态的变化。对第二部分“对商业网点分布的影响”也是通过上面的顺序即先对商业网点相关知识作一下简要的提问,再通过具体案例分析交通条件对对商业网点密度,对商业网点位置,对集镇发展的影响。总的来说,这节课的教学,主要依靠具体的案例加深学生对知识的理解与掌握。
最后,小结本节课内容,布置适当作业,巩固本课所学知识,提高应用能力。
第二节交通运输布局变化的影响
一、对聚落空间形态的影响
1.交通条件对聚落空间形态的影响
2.交通线的发展会带动聚落空间形态的变化
二、对商业网点分布的影响
1.对商业网点密度的影响
2.对商业网点位置的影响
3.对集镇发展的影响
高中地理说课稿全套篇七
(一)。本课内容在教材中的地位和作用
本课是高中地理(湘教版)必修1第二单元中的第二节“地球表面形态”第一课时,对认识地貌的形成和变化有十分重要的作用,能对地壳和地表形态有一个整体上的了解,是自然地理中关于地形要素的重要内容。对学习地理环境的整体性和差异性,以及选修的“旅游地理”的地质景观以及“自然灾害中的地质灾害”有着广泛的联系,起着很强的基础知识的作用。
(二)。说教材目标
1。知识和技能目标:
①。了解板块构造学说的基本观点、能用理论解释宏观地形的成因;
②。了解简单的地质构造的概念和类型,能分析背斜成谷,向斜成山的原理
③。 培养学生读图分析能力、归纳总结能力、观察力;图文转换能力;理论联系实际的能力。
2。过程与方法
①。通过列表比较,了解内外力作用的能量来源与表现形式
②。运用动画演示板块运动,更直观的去理解理论,解释地理事物和地理现象的成因
③。通过对地质构造示意图的阅读分析,学会简单的地质构造类型的判断和构造地貌的分析
3。情感态度与价值观
培养创新意识;培养欣赏美,鉴赏美的能力;树立事物是在不断发展变化的辩证唯物主义观点和人与自然协调发展的意识。
(三)、说教材重点难点
1。教学重点
①。板块运动与宏观地形,把板块的两种运动形式对宏观地形的形成作为本节重点之一;
②。重点之二即为两种基本的地质构造类型————褶皱和断层所形成的地表形态和地貌特征。
2。教学难点
教学难点:
①板块构造与宏观地形的关系;这部分内容是从很大的尺度来介绍地质作用与地表形态的关系,学生直接感知比较困难,须有较强的抽象思维能力,而高中一年级的同学的抽象思维能力有限,所以在理解板块运动机制及其所形成的地貌方面会有一些困难。
②地质构造中“背斜成谷,向斜成山”的原因;由于这种地貌不同于背斜、向斜的基本形态,学生不易理解,所以作为一个难点。
心理特点:进入高一年级的学生,大部分的学习行为任然已兴趣为引导,兴趣也是最好的老师,故教学中运用音象、动画演示等生动、形象的现代教学手段激发学生兴趣。
知识基础:通过初中的学习,学生对地形的知识有初步的了解,但仅从感性上认识到地形在变化,至于地壳变化原因、运动的形式及结果等抽象的理论知识一无所知,而高一学生理性认识、抽象思维能力还较差,给教学带来一定难度。
1。 实例教学法;直观教学法;图表分析法;对比分析法;目的是激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生解析和思辨能力,发挥教师的主导作用。
2。 视听观察法;逻辑思维法;讨论分析法;图文转换法;目的是培养学生独立和合作分析问题和解决问题的能力,突出学生的主体地位。
导入: 从观看各种地形图片,给学生以感官刺激,美的享受;通过图文资料,让学生感受自然之美的同时,增强学生兴趣,也使导入对本节课的学习更加具有针对性。
1。不断变化的地表形态
通过导入,提出问题“是什么力量能让地球表面如此的千姿百态?”引发学生思考。
通过学生自主的阅读教材,引导学生列表比较归纳,地质作用的能量来源及其表现形式,让学生认识到地表形态的变化时内外力共同作用的结果。
通过列表对比分析, 提高学生归纳总结的能力,使学生更能够记住内外力作用的区别和联系,加强了形象记忆,同时增强学生探究自然奥妙的热情。
2。“内力作用与地表形态”
承转(长期以来,科学家一直在探索有关内力作用的表现形式,引出板块学说)
①。 引导分析照板块分布示意图2—10,介绍板块学说这一理论的主要观点,认识六大板块的名称,分布及板块的边界类型(生长边界和消亡边界);
【教师澄清讲解】①板块是地球岩石圈被构造带分割成的单元,而不是地壳的单元,也不是硅铝层的单元。②六大板块的范围与大洲、大洋的范围不一致。除了太平洋板块基本上是水域外,其他的板块都包括了海洋和陆地。板块不是大洲、大陆或大洋,只是借用了大洲、大陆和大洋的名称来命名。③消亡边界(图中实线)是板块相向运动形成的,表现为海沟或造山带;生长边界(图中虚线)是板块向相反方向运动形成的,表现为海岭或断层。
通过“喜马拉雅山的形成”音像视频,在演示的工程中提醒学生注意视听过程,看到板块的运动对地表形态的影响,在过程中形成的各种宏观地形(因为在整个过程中会依次形成海沟,岛弧,喜马拉雅山和青藏高原);然后再演示东非裂谷的动画,说明板块运动与地球上海陆的形成和分布,大规模山系、高原、裂谷、海沟、岛弧等地貌格局间的关系。(培养学生的观察,想象能力和解决实际问题的能力。通过视频动画,保持了学生的学习兴趣。)
然后学生根据动画及教材讨论归纳,老师点拨总结活动探究1。2。,再归纳总结板块运动和宏观地形的关系,来完成对这一重点内容的突破。这里我是采用先把问题(学生分组讨论,探究答案,培养学生分析问题,解决问题的能力)
②。 “地质构造与构造地貌”。让学生通过观察图片,引出地质构造的概念,先让学生阅读教材,再用动画演示直观认识褶皱和断层,讨论分析其形成原因、表现形式。
针对“背斜成谷、向斜成山”这一难点,首先让学生理解背斜与向斜的基本成因和区别,分析不同部位的受力情况,岩石的坚硬程度,抵抗外力侵蚀的能力;然后再从岩层新老关系上来判断,在此过程中,注重引导学生思考,思考沉积岩岩层新老的识别,给他们提供表达自己的观点的机会,帮助他们归纳、总结在教师指导下,培养学生的逻辑思维能力。
对于断层,在演示动画的时候,引导学生观察断层线两侧的运动方向,让学生讨论分析所形成的地貌,断层线上的岩石抗侵蚀强度,侵蚀后形成的地形?(培养学生分析问题,解决问题的能力)
【教师拓展】我们学习了地质构造对地形影响的规律,在实践中具有重大意义。例如,找石油天然气要在背斜部位;打隧道、开矿石也应在背斜部位,如果在向斜部位,将可能使隧道变为水道。在背斜部位采石,工程难度较小,开石方可降低成本。找地下水要在向斜部位。
高中地理说课稿全套篇八
在上课前,我们先来看一组图片,这些水果都是我们平时耳熟能详的,但是在大家很津津有味的品尝时候,有没有想过,它们为什么会种植在不同的地方?另外,我们也学习过一篇语文课文《晏子使楚》——晏子其中有言曰:“婴闻之,橘生淮南则为橘,生于淮北则为枳,叶徒相似,其实味不同。所以然者何?水土异也。”
以上所说的种种,都和今天所要学习的内容——农业区位的选择有关。学习完今天的知识,我们或许就有更深的了解了。
好,在上课前,大家都有读过了课文,那么现在想请位同学告诉我一下,什么是农业?
好,请坐下,那么,由于生物与自然环境的关系密切,因而农业是受自然环境影响最大的产业。
下面大家请看这两幅图——泰国湄南河平原的水稻种植和澳大利亚牧场,从图片上看,两地的农业生产有何不同之处?
——(学生答)泰国湄南河平原是一片水田,从事水稻种植;而澳大利亚则是一个牧场,从事牧羊业。
那现在我又有疑问了,为什么这两地会是两种完全不同的农业景观?是不是和这两个地方所处的自然环境和社会经济环境有关??
究竟有哪些因素影响了农业在这两个地方的不同选择?要知道以上的问题,我们首先要学习农业区位的概念。
下面请同学们找到课本里有关农业区位的两个含义并且一起读出来:一是指农业生产所选定的地理位置,二是指农业与地理环境(包括自然环境和社会环境)各因素的相互联系。
大家看起来是不是很抽象,那下面我们再以泰国湄南河平原的水稻种植为例来解说一下这两个含义:
一是水稻这一农业生产所选定的地理位置——湄南河平原;
二是湄南河平原种植水稻是与当地所处的地理环境密切相关的,是环境中各种因素共同作用的结果。
那影响农业区位选择的主要因素有哪些?我们再次以湄南河平原的例子来说,这个是世界气候类型分布图,首先,我们知道泰国是位于中南半岛上,而这个地方的气候类型是热带季风气候,我们看一下这个图片,图片上的红色曲线代表了气温的分布,而绿色的柱形图则代表了降水量。在这个图上,我们可以知道,这种气候类型是全年高温,而柱形图表示降水,我们也可以看到中间部分,也就是夏季时候,是降水较多的,而冬春季是很少的,有明显的干湿季,资料《高中地理说课稿《农业的区位选择》》。这是和水稻生长十分相符,而平原地区地形平坦。这些条件都有利于水稻种植。我们再来看刚才的那个湄南河平原水稻种植图,在这一个图上,我们有没有看到有机械的生产啊?(没有),嗯,是不是只有人力耕种,这也说明了这个地方的劳动力是——很丰富的。当然,它的机械化生产水平也就很低。而在这个图上,我们也可以瞥见右上角的那些矮小的房子,由此我们也可以知道,这个地方的经济水平也是比较低的。
好,以上信息告诉我们,气候包括:热量和水分、地形、劳动力和机械以及经济基础等这些方面都是可以影响一个地方的农业生产活动的。
现在我们来看课本上图3.3——影响农业区位选择的主要因素。就有以上这么多,那哪些是属于自然环境因素,哪些又属于社会环境因素呢??下面请位同学给我们总结一下。
(请同学回答,课件显示两个总结)——板书:农业区位因素:自然和社会,然后把学生说的写出来。
好,现在大家花一分钟的时间把这个 图3.3 上的各种因素背下来。因为在以后考试的试题中,无非就是要考这些因素的应用。
好,接下来到了我们的分组活动时间,在这里,我们就来当一次农场主,假如你今天中了头奖,拿到了一大笔的钱,兴高采烈地去白云山脚下买了下面这块漂亮的地皮,你准备如何去经营它?你要进行什么样的农业活动?还有,你是如何考虑的?可以结合图3.3来进行思考。
好,现在大家就开始规划。讨论3分钟后,每个小组派位代表来讲讲你们的意见是怎样。
(根据学生讲的,在板书上指出来)-可以在副板书的地方把学生的想法写下来。
嗯,看来各位同学都很有经济头脑。看来以后每个同学都可以成为大老板拉^_^
好,学习了这些知识后,我们来看看活动题部分。(直接在下面边说边分析)
首先,看第一题
第二题:先板图,然后分层来说明综合利用土地——地形的合理利用。
我国江西省的千烟洲,是个典型的中亚热带红壤丘陵地区,位于我国的南方,这里气候资源优越,光热充足,属湿润地区,降水量大,水资源丰富,
但是存在着地形地貌复杂,平原面积狭小,水土流失严重,生态环境脆弱等问题。
丘陵山区耕作易导致水土流失,宜发展林牧业;缓坡和谷地不易发生水土流失,可发展耕作业;洼地积水易涝,适合发展鱼塘养鱼业。
按照农林作物的生态适应性因地制宜安排相应品种,不仅有利于充分发挥丘陵山地的土地生产潜力,减轻对有限耕地的压力,把大量闲置劳动力转移到丘陵山地的综合开发中去,促进林业、畜牧业和多种经营的发展,增加农民的收入,还有利于改善环境,建立良性生态循环。
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