当前位置:网站首页 >> 作文 >> 初二物理教学总结与反思 初二物理教师教学工作总结(6篇)

初二物理教学总结与反思 初二物理教师教学工作总结(6篇)

格式:DOC 上传日期:2023-05-04 11:52:26
初二物理教学总结与反思 初二物理教师教学工作总结(6篇)
时间:2023-05-04 11:52:26     小编:zdfb

总结是对过去一定时期的工作、学习或思想情况进行回顾、分析,并做出客观评价的书面材料,它有助于我们寻找工作和事物发展的规律,从而掌握并运用这些规律,是时候写一份总结了。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的总结呢?下面是我给大家整理的总结范文,欢迎大家阅读分享借鉴,希望对大家能够有所帮助。

初二物理教学总结与反思 初二物理教师教学工作总结篇一

教材从全面提高学生素质的要求出发,在知识选材上,适当加强联系实际,适当降低难度,既考虑现代生产发展与社会生活的需要,又考虑当前大多数初中学生的学习水平的实际可能。在处理方法上,适当加强观察实验,力求生动活泼,既有利于掌握知识,又有利于培养能力,情感和态度,使学生在学习物理的同时,获得素质上的提高。

教材把促进学生全面发展作为自己的目标。在内容选配上,注意从物理知识内部发掘政治思想教育和品德教育的潜能,积极推动智力因素和非智力因素的相互作用。在学习方法上,积极创造条件让学生主动学习参与实践,通过学生自己动手,动脑的实际活动,实现学生的全面发展。

教科书采用了符合学生认知规律的由易到难,由简到繁,以学习发展水平为线索,兼顾到物理知识结构的体系。这样编排既符合学生认知规律,又保持了知识的结构性。

教科书承认学生是学习的主体,把学生当作第一读者,按照学习心理的规律来组织材料。全书共14章以及新增添的物理实践活动和物理科普讲座,每章开头都有几个问题,提示这一章的主要内容并附有章节照片,照片的选取力求具有典型性,启发性和趣味性,使学生学习时心中有数。章下面分节,每节内都有些小标题,帮助学生抓住中心。在引入课题,讲述知识,归纳总结等环节,以及实验,插图,练习中,编排了许多启发性问题,点明思路,引导思考,活跃思维。许多节还编排了"想想议议",提出了一些值得思考讨论的问题,促使学生多动脑,多开口。

我所承担的是37班的物理教学。37班共有24人,其中休学转入一人,学生的基础差异比较大,其中共3人基础知识掌握较好,有50%的学生基础薄弱,有些学生讨厌理科学习,经过了解测试后个别学生小学数学知识都未掌握。学生学习兴趣不浓,作业马虎了事,抄袭作业严重且作业格式不正确,写字不认真。部分学生学习虽然刻苦,但十分吃力,效果不好,这主要是学生学习方式方法问题。培养学生物理学习兴趣,形成正确的学习习惯,抓好基础知识,是物理教学工作的重点。

1,引导学生学习物理学的初步知识及其实际应用,了解物理学在科学技术和社会发展中的重要作用;

2,培养学生初步的观察,实验能力,初步的分析,概括能力和应用物理知识解决简单问题的能力;

3,培养学生学习物理的兴趣,实事求是的科学态度,良好的学习习惯和创新精神,结合物理教学对学生进行辨证唯物主义教育,爱国主义教育和品德教育。

学生是学习的主人,只有处于积极状态,经过认真的观察,实践,思考,才能体会物理现象中蕴含的规律,产生探究物理世界的兴趣,理解所学的物理知识,获得相应的能力。教学中要注意培养学生的学习兴趣和愿望,鼓励他们发现问题和提出问题,指导他们学会适宜的学习方法,为学生终生学习打下良好的基础。

要注意研究学生的心理特征,了解他们的知识,能力基础,从实际出发进行教育,并且根据他们的反应及时调整自己的教学安排。由于学生的基础差异比较大,所以要注意因材施教,针对不同的学生提出不同的要求。对学习困难的学生,要针对他们的具体情况予以耐心帮助,鼓励多做物理实验和参加物理实践活动,使他们基本达到教学要求。对学有余力的学生,可采取研究性学习等多种方式,培养他们的创造和探索能力。

初二物理教学总结与反思 初二物理教师教学工作总结篇二

����

�����ì²ä´ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ïµêµï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¶è£ï¿½ï¿½è¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ë®æ½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê¿ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½û²ï¿½êµï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºï¿½ì¬ï¿½è£ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½

�����ì²ä°ñ´ù½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½æ·¢õ¹ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ú²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½â½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øºí·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½à»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½êµï¿½ê»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½æ·¢õ¹ï¿½ï¿½

�����ì¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×µï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½é¼òµ½·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ë®æ½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ä½á¹¹ï¿½ô¡ï¿½

�����ì¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½è«ï¿½é¹²14���ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½â¿ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½è¤î¶ï¿½ô£ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ú£ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½êµï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��������"�������ò»ð©öµï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à¶¯ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½à¿ªï¿½ú¡ï¿½

����

���������ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½37���������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½37�๲��24�ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§×ªï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ë£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½3�ë»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ½ïºã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½50%��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½î´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½å¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï®ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ì¿à£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ö³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï°ï¿½ß£ï¿½×¥ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£

����

����1������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á·¢õ¹ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½

����2������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹û²ì£¬êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����3������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä¿ï¿½ñ§ì¬ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ñ§ï°ï°ï¿½ßºí´ï¿½ï¿½â¾ï¿½ï¿½ñ£¬½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½ö¤î¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½â½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����

����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ö»ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹û²ì£¬êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìºï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½òª×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ô¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����òª×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä·ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òª×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê©ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ó¡£¶ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½í²î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµ½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§òªï¿½ó¡£¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é²ï¿½è¡ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½è¶ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

初二物理教学总结与反思 初二物理教师教学工作总结篇三

时光飞逝,我在闰华中学已有一个学期了。就在我暑假走进闰华中学的那一刻,我便下定了决心,我要在这里迅速成长,干一番事业。在这不短,也不长的一个学期里,我运用读书时学习的理论知识,联系自己工作的实际情况,多听取其他老教师们的经验,边学边干。结束了两年的漂泊时光,现在我真真正正的成成为了一名人民教师,所以我更加努力,尽我的能力干好每一件事情。

在教学中的第一个环节是备课,包括备教材,备学生,备方法。由于离我初二的时间已有10年之遥,且在这几年间教材不断有修改,因此,对于初二物理的教材,不是十分熟悉,所以我坚持,在我讲课前几天必须把课备出来,在备课的过程中,多看参考书,各取精华所在。备好课后,根据学生情况不断修改。若课程允许,我尽量抽时间去听有师傅黄惠明老师的课,并向他请教该课要注意的地方,向他学习教法。从中获益匪浅,这使我在往后的日子里更注重听课了。由于对学生情况知之甚少,因此在正式开学以前,我尽可能多些了解我所教的三个班的情况,包括熟悉学生的姓名,座位情况。向班主任了解整体和个体的基本情况,在教学过程中,对于学生掌握知识的情况更要清楚。对于物理来说,与数学的联系最大。记得在开学后不久,由于缺乏经验,当讲到一题需要运用到数学知识的计算题时,才发现学生对幂函数的运算不大熟悉,这样子就打乱了我的教学计划。

经过这次教训后,总结经验,凡是牵涉到一定的数学知识,我都会先问及数学老师和一些中等层次的学生的掌握情况。例如:学习“速度”那节内容时,需要用到单位的换算,而单位换算是一个较为重点的内容,但经了解,学生对这一内容的记忆不深,只有少许印象。根据这个情况,我就在展开新内容之前,把速度单位的换算,用同学们熟悉的长度和时间的单位换算推导出来。一是加深学生的印象,二是为接着下来的新课扫清障碍。正所谓教无定法,我利用空堂的时间,除了听物理课外,还听其它学科的课,包括数学,化学等,从中学习不同的教学方法及在课堂上如何管理学生的办法。

接下来就是上课,对于学生,上课是最重要的。这是教师传授知识的过程,怎样利用好课堂的45分钟呢?我是在教师的“填鸭式”下成长的,与现在的新课程理念是相违背的'。为了能尽快适应和成长,除了多听课外,还坚持在每节课后写教学后记,小结每节课的教学情况,有哪些地方做得教好,有哪些地方是欠缺的,需要以后注意,在教学的过程中不断总结经验。在讲课时不断调整自己的讲课技巧,尽力活跃课堂气氛,让学生在轻松,欢愉的气氛中学习。为了减轻学生的负担,我尽能减少作业量,把大多的练习放在课堂上,一来可以在课堂上及时巩固知识,二来可以从学生的练习中及时得到反馈并补救。这也可避免有少部分学生抄作业的习惯。对于交上来的作业我都会争取在该班上下一节物理课前批改完毕,发下去。在批改过程,不止单单写上一个等第,还会把学生错的地方圈起来,对于问题较多的地方会及时评讲。对于个别基础较差的学生,利用课余时间进行个别辅导。

这些成绩较差的学生大多基础不好,所以必须有耐心,细心地进行指导,在这个过程中,不断让他树立信心。由于物理是这个学期才开设的,且不需要太多的基础,只要上好课,做好作业,是可以有较大的进步的。就像有一个女同学,接受能力较差,但她比较勤奋,我不断的鼓励,帮助她,终于,在后来的一次测验中,打破了以往不合格的局面,她也在此中不断增强了学习物理的信心。

有人说,教育事业是一份良心的工作。经过一个学期的工作,我深深地领会到这一点。只有我们把心思放在学生身上,处处为学生着想,才能做好本职工作,太多的计较只会成为阻碍。本学期物理教学,虽积极认真落实学校教学常规,努力完成教学工作任务,仍有很多不足和困惑:如何减小两极分化;怎样更好的提高学生学习兴趣;怎样提高课堂教学效率等都值得深思。

初二物理教学总结与反思 初二物理教师教学工作总结篇四

科学探究是学生参与式的自主性学习活动,是初中物理教学学生获取知识的重要途径,现就自己实验探究教学谈几点体会。

1、创设情境,注重让用学生已学的知识导入学习新知识。

合理的安排、纪律的制定、教室的布置到纯正的普通话、优美的语言和各种教学情境的准备等,这一切无不影响着探究教学的气氛和效果。例如:可以突破传统教室的课桌布局,学生自由组合成小组,形成开放性结构,便于学生们交流合作;整堂课不受约束,学生可自主学习、自由讨论、举手发言,无须起立等等。教学《科学探究:声音的产生与传播》时,先播放各种各样学生熟悉的声音,再引导学生通过各种途径发出声音,研究声音产生的原因。在这样真实的活动情境中,学生们满怀兴趣地通过仔细的观察、身体的触摸,去感知发声体的振动,亲身经历科学探究的过程,深刻领会物体发声的原理。再者多采用对比教学,归类教学,使学生即能够更好地掌握新知识又能够复习旧知识,更好地掌握物理知识之间的联系和区别。培养学生在学习过程中,辨别事物间更加细微的差异的能力。增进学生对概念的理解和掌握。实践表明,新课程的实施中,创设情境,精彩导入是课堂教学中不可忽视的重要环节,它能如磁石一般吸引住学生,并快速地将师生的情感融合在一起,从而放飞学生的思维,让学生主动地、全身心地参与进科学探究中来。所以在新课的教学中,采用以旧导新,新旧对比,即可以帮助学生更系统,更全面地掌握基础知识,又能够节省时间,达到事半功倍的效果,同时对学生的学习方法,学习能力也是一个很好的提高和培养。

2、教师应循序渐进,开展探究教学。教会学生学习和总结物理学科解决问题的方法。

在实验教学之初,我们往往会遇到两难的局面:一方面,教师若指导过度,则学生无法实现真正意义上的自主学习和自主探究;另一方面,若教师若指导不到位,学生的探究和学习活动又会杂乱无章,盲目无序,从而无法完成学习任务,两者仿佛形成了一个“解不开”的“结”。如何处理教师指导和开放式教学之间的关系呢?如何在教学过程开放的同时尽量减少探究活动的盲目和无序呢?针对这些问题,我们展开“课题”研究,在一线不断的教学尝试中,集体攻关,初步摸索出以下一些行之有效的做法:首先教学方法上“循环探究,逐步深入”。先将新课内容划分为几个大问题,再将每一个大问题分为若干个环环相扣的小问题。从而让学生的思维和探究教学形成一个先散后聚,不断聚散交替的循环探究过程。同时将探究教学的相关内容延伸至课外。比如:对学生而言,可以提前布置学生先预习新课,“简阅课文”“查询资料”“自制自带实验器具”等,将课堂上没有探究完的内容带至课外,课后布置学生写“探究报告”和“学习心得”等;对教师而言,课前认真备课,课中用心教学,积极应对随机出现的课堂情况,课后撰写教学实录和教学反思,这一切不仅有利于学生探究学习任务的扎实完成,也有利于教师在新课程的实践中不断地完善教学,发展自我。其次教学过程中让学生了解自己在探究活动中应该要干什么事,明确自己的目的,教师也在学生探究过程中给学生一些方向性的提示,但这些提示应区别于我们传统实验课中的“实验步骤”。要有效地防止和避免学生随意玩耍实验器材、手足无措等现象的发生。教学在“形散而神聚”中有条不紊地进行。再次,在教学理念上“淡化概念的严整性”。物理学科概念的严整性有时反而是学生探究学习的“障碍”,大多数学生会觉得非常困难,因此而产生为难情绪。对于这些问题我们提出在教学中“淡化概念的严整性”,降低探究学习的难度。最后教学结束后“开展问卷调查”,及时地沟通师生间的需求,使进一步的教学更有针对性和指向性。

3、帮助学生逐步提高思维能力。初中物理教材中并没有专门的章节介绍物理学科的学习方法。但又可以说整本教科书都在讲述物理学科解决问题的方法。因为教材在讲述物理概念、定律、公式时,就是按物理学科解决问题的步骤在进行。即一般是先提出问题再通过实验研究、观察、分析、概括总结等步骤进行的。在教学中通过对知识的学习,指导学生体会学习物理的方法,体会物理概念和规律的发展过程,体会前人的思维成果,在学习继承前人思维成果的同时,锻炼和提高自己解决问题的能力和创新能力。

4、加强信息反馈,及时调整教学计划。

在总复习中,要时刻注意“信息反馈”。正如控制论创始人维纳说:“有效行为必须由某种反馈过程来提供信息,看它是否达到预定目标,最简单的反馈是检验任务的成功或失败。”通过反馈信息来了解已设计的教学内容与预期目的是否符合,学生对知识理解和掌握。所以我在每个阶段复习教学中,除了注意来自学生方面各式各样的反馈信息外,还特别重视每次测验和考试的信息反馈。坚持做到按时、按量、按评分标准,科学分析试卷,评价试卷,并注意各层次的学生学习状况和掌握知识的程度。要求学生对测验情况进行知识点、面、掌握情况及学习上的主观因素和客观因素进行分析,寻找存在不足的原因。教师做好统计工作,找出教学上的弱点进一步改进教学方法,及时调整复习计划,对不足之处立即查漏补缺。这样才能使实际掌握情况与预订的教学目标更吻合,尤其要对后进生加强辅导、关心、鼓励,及时表扬他们,哪怕是一点滴的进步,充分肯定他们。这样才能充分调动他们学习的积极性和主动性,做到大面积地有质有量地提高学习成绩。

5、指导学生记忆的方法

初中物理虽然需要注意培养思维能力,但同时也要重视记忆,不要死记硬背绝对不是不要记,不要背,而是更加强调在理解的基础上进行记忆。根据艾宾浩斯的记忆曲线的规律,我对学生进行了如下的要求:每节课要认真听讲,加强对知识的理解,课后留出几分钟的时间进行记忆。上午的课,中午要重温一遍,下午的课傍晚要重温一遍,作业前要重温一遍。睡前再一遍,每周要对本周的知识进行一次回顾,再以后是一个月,三个月。这样学到的知识基本上在大脑里扎下了根,想忘记都很难。记忆时要注意找规律、找特点,要准确记住各种定义,定律的文字表达和各种物理量的单位,这有利于帮助学生形成物理文字,语言的表达能力。物理计算公式与数学计算公式的一个最大的区别就是,公式的每一项都有物理意义和单位,在记忆物理表达式时,一定要记住各项的物理意义和单位。

以上是我在本学期从事物理教学工作的一点体会,还有许多问题需要今后进一步的学习和总结。

初二物理教学总结与反思 初二物理教师教学工作总结篇五

������ñ§ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªí¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¾ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¡£

����1�������龳��ע������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½

���������ä°ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä²ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºí¸ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ²ï¿½ó°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õºï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½æ´ï¿½í³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï³ï¿½ð¡ï¿½é£¬ï¿½î³é¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;���ã¿î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½èµè¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë´«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è²ï¿½ï¿½å¸ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ä»î¶¯ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ð£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ä¹û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¶¯£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å·¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ô±è½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸î¢ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î³ìµï¿½êµê©ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð²ï¿½ï¿½éºï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ùµø½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ð£¬´ó¶ï¿½ï¿½å·ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¡ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµø²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾éµï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½â¾é¶ô±è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµí³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ïµ½ï¿½â°ë¹¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üºãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2����ê¦ó¦ñ­ï¿½ò½¥½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì»ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµä¾ï¿½ï¿½æ£ºò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ·ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½;��ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ã¤ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò£¬´ó¶ï¿½ï¿½þ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß·â·ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½á¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ö®ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½?����ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¿ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ã¤ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?�����ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡±ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ß²ï¿½ï¿½ïµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¹¥ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ñ­ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½â¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ù½ï¿½ã¿ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î³ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¢ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¾ï¿½é¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ­ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ºï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï°ï¿½â¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡±ï¿½í¡ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½äµã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;�ô½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ±¸ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½×«ð´ï¿½ï¿½ñ§êµâ¼ï¿½í½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ð²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î³ìµï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð²ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ò²ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½í³êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¡ï¿½êµï¿½é²½ï¿½è¡±ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ø·ï¿½ö¹ï¿½í±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµø½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ù´î£ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½æ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¶è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡°¿ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ø¹ï¿½í¨ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½

����3������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ð²ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½×¨ï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½â½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½æµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¿ï¿½ï¿½é¶¼ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½è²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¹ï¿½ï¿½éµä·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ëµï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ì³ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����4����ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������ü¸ï¿½ï°ï¿½ð£ï¿½òªê±ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½â¡°ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û´ï¿½ê¼ï¿½ï¿½î¬ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä³ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ïµ½ô¤ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½òµ¥µä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê§ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶î¸ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ä³ì¶è¡ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ã¡¢ï¿½æ¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øºí¿í¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø½ï¿½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ò´ï¿½ï¿½ú²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô­ï¿½ò¡£½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í³ï¿½æ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â©ï¿½ï¿½è±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çºï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½îµä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¿ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü³ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½é¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����5��ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

��������������è»ï¿½ï¿½òª×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ò²òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½òªï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¹ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµä¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ú¿ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿î°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½òµç°òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½é¡£ë¯ç°ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½é£¬ã¿ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î»ø¹ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±òª×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬òª×¼è·ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¶ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¹«ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¹«ê½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ò»ï¿½î¶¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½

�������������ú±ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ú´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½á¡£

初二物理教学总结与反思 初二物理教师教学工作总结篇六

����ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ò±ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ë¾ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¸ï¿½ù³é³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â²»ï¿½ì£ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½çµä¾ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ß¸é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¯ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä³é³ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éºï¿½ã¿ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£

�����ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ðµäµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½10��ö®ò£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¸ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¼ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¿î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½îµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½à¿´ï¿½î¿ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿îºó£¬¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¸ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ä¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ã¿ï¿½òª×¢ï¿½ï¿½äµø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¶ï¿½ð©ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ó¡£¼çµï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ó²»¾ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¾í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����������î½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½á¾­ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½æµ½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ðµè²ï¿½îµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ºñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶è¡ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½â£¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ä²»ï¿½î£¬ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ó¡£¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶èµï¿½î»ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½èºï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ó£¬¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿ï¿½é¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½æµä¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä°ì·¨ï¿½ï¿½

���������������ï¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºã¿ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½45�����ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¼ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â³é³ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½â¿î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½'��îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½í³é³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ú¿îºï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ú¿îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ìºã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·è±ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ôºï¿½×¢ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½á¾­ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ü¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ê±ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½é±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ò¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ú¸ã°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½èµú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµø·ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½äµø·ï¿½ï¿½á¼°ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ð¸¨µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ð©ï¿½é¼ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¸ï¿½äµø½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ú²å¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªì«ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»òªï¿½ïºã¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï´ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½å®í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ú·ü£ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ïµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ú´ï¿½ï¿½ð²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

��������ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½úµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ã¡£ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±ï¿½ö°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì«ï¿½ï¿½ä¼æ½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½è°­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµñ§ð£ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬å¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºü¶à²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¿ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ð§ï¿½êµè¶ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½

全文阅读已结束,如果需要下载本文请点击

下载此文档
a.付费复制
付费获得该文章复制权限
特价:5.99元 10元
微信扫码支付
已付款请点这里
b.包月复制
付费后30天内不限量复制
特价:9.99元 10元
微信扫码支付
已付款请点这里 联系客服