范文为教学中作为模范的文章，也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考，也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢？以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文，仅供参考，一起来看看吧
明确写作思路篇一
1、与出口商建立业务关系的思路及信的结构安排
在与出口商建立业务关系时，应明确出口商的产品与本公司所需要的产品是否相吻合，然后提出自己针对产品的要求和贸易条件，同时也可以做简单的自我介绍，让出口商更了解本公司的情况及信誉。要特别明示交易内容、条件，信用保证，并希望对方也告知这些条件，同时表示强烈交易愿望。
dear sirs,we owe your name to the first commercial bank at your end, through whom we understand that you are well experienced in the export of engineering equipment with take this opportunity to introduce ourselves as one of the importers buying various kinds of machines......upon receipt of......, we shall see what items are of interest to us and pass our enquiries to anticipate the pleasure of hearing from you in the near future.2、资信调查信函的写作步骤及常见表达方式：
（1）直截了当地说明写信的意图
they state that they have done business with you for the past two years and have given us the name of your company as a reference.（他们向我们表示，他们在过去的两年中与您有过生意来往，并且指定贵公司作为他们的证明人。）
（2）说明想要调查的细节和原因
we should be very grateful to you for any information you can give us about their reputation and credit-worthiness.（我们非常感激您能给予我们有关他们的声誉和资信情况的情报。）we should be obliged if you would let us know if …（如果您能告知我们……，我们将不胜感谢。）
（3）保证保守秘密
any information we receive from you will, of course, be held in strict confidence.（我们从您处收到的任何信息定会严加保密。）
3、询盘的业务思路及信的结构安排
去函给对方索取某项商品的目录、样本、样品，或者了解有关交易条件。信要求简短、清楚、切题。如果如果初次向对方发出询盘，要做简单的自我介绍，让对方了解自己公司的信誉情况。
开头句直切主题------告知对方信息来源，表明做某种商品交易的意愿.e read your advertisement in the latest china foreign trade and are interested in chinese silk piece goods.结尾句强调主题-----请对方尽快回信反馈所需要的信息。e hope to hear about your quotations soon.4、报盘的业务思路及信的安排
接到对方的询盘后要及时、有礼貌、有针对性地答复对方询问的所有信息及提供对方要求的资料。报盘信要使对方感觉到该产品在交易中有吸引力，信中通常包含的内容：主
要的交易条件、发盘的有效期及其他约束条件。
开头句表达谢意-------对对方某月某日的来函谈到对本公司商品赶兴趣表示感谢；或告知对方本公司现有某种数量、质量以及价格具有吸引力的商品。e are pleased to receive your fax of april 9 asking for the toy samples and the pricelist.结尾句用促销语句激励对方订货。eg.i hope you wil find our prices favourable for the good quality shoes.5、主动报盘业务思路及信的安排
主动报盘就是直接向经过选择的、潜在的、久失联系的，或者现成的买主出售某种商品信息，实际上，完全是一种促销的做法。这类报盘信要注重吸引对方的注意力和兴趣的方法。例如，免费提供样品和试销品、优惠的交易条件、该商品具有的优势等等。还可以随函寄去目录本、价格表等介绍资料。
开头句告知对方可提供具有一定优势、可以得到优惠的某种商品。e have recently bought from the producers various ranges of high quality table cloth at low prices.结尾句：促进销售----以优惠条件鼓励对方继续联系或订货。 you are interested,please contact our office in would be plesased to servi you.6、要求降价的还盘业务思路及信的结构安排
买卖双方对某些交易条件讨价还价,去信表明自己的要求或意见就是还盘．为了促进早日成交，还盘还盘信给出适当的理由,选择适当的角度,提出适当的条件.要求降价就是对价格条件的还盘,这样的还盘信还要注意表明降价的理由,例如,报价膏腴当地市价,可以用较低的价格获得类似质量的商品,可以以别的供应商处以较低的价格购进该商品该商品的市场疲软等，提出降假的幅度。
开头句----还盘信都是回信，要求降价的还盘信要感谢对方的报盘，接着表达不能接受报价的歉意。 you for your offer of may 15 but regret that your prices are too high.结尾句----强调希望继续磋商的愿望。e hope to receive your early reply.7、拒绝降价的还盘业务思路及信的结构安排
拒绝降价就是对买方提出的价格条件的否定还盘。这样的还盘信要注意强调坚持原价，无法降价的理由。例如，正处在销售旺季，已收到对方所在地区进货尚的大量订单、销售利润已低至极限，着眼点应在该商品的质量上等等。或者推荐对方购买与所要求价格相近的，价格较低的替代商品。
开头句----拒绝降价的还盘信要感谢对方的还盘，表达不同意降价的歉意。 we very much thank you for your fax of july 22, we feel regretful there is no possibility of offering you lower prices.结尾句----希望对方考虑、尽早收到订单、尽管没成交争取以后机会的合作等愿望。e are still looking your orders.8、作出降价让步的还盘业务思路及信的结构安排
作出降价让步就是对买放提出的价格条件有条件地进行减让的反还盘。这样的还盘信要注意坚持原报价的合理性、突出给予降价让步的动机和意愿。例如，原报价符合市价；考虑到以前获得的帮助、双边的贸易关系；为发展与对方的业务等。还要明确降价的幅度和实现降价的附带条件：数量折扣、规定日期内订货的折扣等。
开头句----作出降价让步的还盘信首先感谢对方的还盘，复述对方有关价格的意见.e, are pleased to receive your cable of october is informed that your price for the goods is too high to work on.结尾句敦促对方早日下订单。we are waiting for your early reply.9、要求提价的还盘业务思路及信的结构安排
对原定价格的提价也是对价格条件的反还盘：由于某些不利因素的影响，卖方对双方曾经同意的某种商品的价格上调。这样的还盘新要注意说明提价的客观性：商品市价在上扬、材料价格上涨、运输费用的提高等。
开头句----回信应告知对方要上调价格，表达涨价的歉意。 regret to inform that increase in our prices for the products are unavoidable as the materials have kept rising in the past few months.结尾句----提醒价格上涨是趋势而且库存较紧张，说服对方继续订货。 the heavy demand has brought low stock level of our goods, we advise you to accept our prices soon.10、接受邀请函的思路及信的结构安排
接受并答复对方邀请信函时，必须有礼貌地及时给对方完整的答复，以便树立信誉和给读者留下良好的印象，这是接受邀请函最重要的作用之一。
信的开头应向对方表示谢意，并表示愿意与对方建立业务关系，同时表示愿意按对方的要求寄上相应的产品目录或价目表。信末要说明自己的保证与承诺，以确保对方对本公司的信任，为了树立良好的信誉，在答复信函时应注意：及时、礼貌和完整。dear sirs,we thank you for your letter of 5th this month,and shall be glad to enter into busineaa relations with ing with your request,we are sending you......payment should be made by an irrevocable and conformed letter of you find business possible,please contact us for dffers.
明确写作思路篇二
层次1
从个人角度理解了课程学习的必要性。
集团/公司层面，营造了什么的文化氛围，个人需要从哪几个方面充分融入这种工作的团队，与集团共同发展。
从从业理念方面，需要——原则，遵守——基本准则，才能在这条路上稳步发展。
从从业的基本技巧方面，通过什么方法可以收获更多知识和技能，才能快速成长，公司给的成长空间是多么的大……云云。
层次2
从个人角度理解了工作的基本思路。
工作从几个方面展开。
其中课程分别针对——层面。
通过课程1——的学习，我了解了（课程内容），这将指导我在（方面）怎样工作，保证效率和质量。
——课程2
——课程3
层次3
从工作方法和技巧层面。
多课程之间总归有些融会贯通的地方，通过——的学习，获得了基本的操作技巧上的指导，有助于我——
并且教会我今后怎样自主学习，以怎样的学习方法融入这份工作。
最好提到什么团队、客户之类
层次4
备选
通过培训，认识到个人的一些优势和不足（慎写不足，最好是过于认真某个细节，服务态度上尚不够有经验等等）。通过培训，我知道怎样扬长避短，举几个例子，也认识了众多优秀的老师、同事，感谢——的帮助，我会怎样——。
感谢有机会参加这样有逻辑有水平的培训，受益匪浅，再次感谢老师和战友。今后保持沟通和交流。
明确写作思路篇三
谈谈2012国家公务员申论技巧:公文写作思路公文写作在公务员考试申论中的出现不是近来的现象，早在2003年国家公务员考试中就有：
例如：下面提供了两种讲话情境，请任选一种，为设定的发言人拟出一篇现场讲话稿或电视讲话稿。要求：根据选定情境，自拟标题。讲话稿不少于1000字。（2003年国家公务员考试申论试卷第二题）
当年，许多考生无所适从。于是，2004年国家公务员考试中接着再出一道公文写作题，其中第二题是这样的：
假设给定资料中有关我国城市交通拥堵的问题在你市都存在，你作为市交通主管部门的负责人，请根据给定资料，写一份“关于我市交通拥堵情况报告”。
同样，2004年的许多考生看到这样的题目也感觉无从下手。因为，毕竟不是每个参加公务员考试的考生都是文秘专业出生。然而，公务员申论考试是没有明显的专业倾向性的，所以非文秘专业的考生也不用害怕此类题。这是为什么？
其实，关于这类文章怎么写，2004年国家公务员考试申论试题第二题的第一个要求是再清楚不过了：“简要介绍情况，恰当分析原因，提出全面、明确、可行的对策。”简单说，这篇报告分三步写：现状--原因--对策；往深处说，也就是说这篇报告的主体同样要遵循申论写作的基本要求：提出问题--分析问题--解决问题；套用公文写作的一套术语就是：背景--事由--事项。
由此，考生可能觉得公文写作和传统写作一个样。其实并不尽然。
下面，结合申论考试的要求，谈几个方面的区别：第一，公文写作的标题是规范化的。除考试已经给出标题外，如果让考生自拟标题，一般情况下，标题的拟制要符合公文写作的一般要求，即按照“发文机关+事由+文种”方法拟制。第二，公文写作正文的前面，有的要加主送机关（俗称 “抬头”），有的要加称谓，如公开信。第三，公文写作的结尾模式化，通常称为结语，如“报告”中的“特此报告”，批复中的“此复”等。而这种结语在申论考试中一般是不作要求的。只是倡议书、公开信和宣传纲要这种宣传类的文书才会对结语有要求，这些文书通常需要有一个号召性的结尾。
所以，如果考生熟悉国家公务员考试2003年和2004年这两年试题中的公文写作思路，那么2010年国家公务员考试综合管理试卷第三题要求考生“假设你是沿海某省省政府工作人员，请结合给定资料，草拟一份《关于将半岛蓝色经济区纳入国家发展战略的报告》的内容要点”，行政执法类试卷第三题，“a市市政府准备大力宣传推进对近海水域的污染整治工作，请你结合给定资料，以市政府工作人员的身份，草拟一份宣传纲要”，就不会感觉为
难了。因为前一篇报告的内容要点，其实就是一篇具体而微之的报告，只是每部分的内容要点不必展开罢了；后一篇宣传纲要，除了背景、事由和事项外，应当加上一个号召性的结尾才符合宣传类公文写作的要求。而可惜的是，2010年这类题的均分是8分多一点，原因是许多考生误将这类题当成是单纯的写作题。
同理，2011年国家公务员考试行政执法类试卷中的“公开信”写作，2011年江苏等省公务员联合考试试卷中有“意见”写作，也是要遵循这样的一个基本写作思路。而对于未来申论中的公文写作，广大考生也应当以此为鉴。
明确写作思路篇四
写作思路
people think that it is beneficial for students to go to private secondary schools, but other people think that it can have a negative s the two points and give your own opinion?
私立学校优点：
academic and extracurricular programs
r classroom size
dual attention from teachers
teaching to suit students, it may have one-to-one tutorial
sional teaching staff, have expertise in teaching and disciplining students
dropout rates and less on-campus violence
私立学校的缺点：
n fees are astronomical, they are unaffordable for much of the population
ts show off material wealth, it may lead to polarization among students
ts feel superior to others, it may result in disrespect to other members of society or even seems that with the increase in use of mobile phones and computers, fewer people prefer to write the skill of writing disappear completely? 写作技能消失的理由：
, time is phones and computers increase the proportion of oral communications, and they improve the efficiency and no longer focus on the writing skills or techniques, but the convenience and high speed.写作技能不会消失的理由：
, text message and letter are different forms of communication, so it requires the senders use language properly, and convey messages clearly and though people choose email or cell phone to send message, they still need to pay attention to the technique of as providing adequate explanation, arranging and expressing thoughts logically, giving correct and complete details, using neutral or warm tone, maintaining interest by varying vocabulary and sentence of these are the writing skills and techniques.3.a country becomes more interesting and develops more quickly when its population includes a mixture of nationalities and what extent do you agree or disagree?
多元文化的好处：
ence has shown that a society with different cultures encourage racial and ethnic harmony and cross-cultural understanding, and discourage hatred, discrimination and ulturalism ensures that all citizens can keep their identities, can take pride in their ancestry and have a sense of encourages people to integrate into the society and take an active part in its social, cultural, economic and political kind of multi-cultural country gives people a feeling of security and self-confidence, making them more open to and accepting spanerse cultures.多元文化的不利之处：
existence of widely differing views, values and mindsets make balancing spanersity and unity even more , religious and ethnic intolerance and disharmony may lead to violence and have different expectation for people prefer to do the same job for the same company, and some people rather than change the job the advantages outweigh the disadvantage?
换工作的好处：
the present job cannot make the best use of one’s ability, improve skills and gain new ing job can make a person acquire a wide array of technical skills, and enhance his/her terms of career survival, there is no room for complacency, everyone should take on challenges and seize g the current employer will bring a person a sense of anticipation, and generate an enthusiasm to learn.换工作的坏处：
if a person changes his/her job, he/she have to adjust to the new /she may not get along well with new colleagues and nt job hopping reflects the job candidate’s lower resilience and loyalty, he/she may lack self inspaniduals who change their jobs so often cannot have enough time to gain experiences and on-the-job skill, so the employers may not willing to hire gap of living in cities and the countryside is larger and are the reasons in your country and how to reduce the differences?
城乡差距的原因：
the income gap between urban residents and rural resident has resulted in the disproportion of wealth yside has lower access to education, and it causes higher l resources concentrated in cities, the eruption of disease leads to productivity yside lacks all kind of basic facilities and services, such as electricity and fuel supply, access to telephone and internet,解决方法：
the government should make preferential policies to boost rural invest more funds and human resource in the infrastructure, to improve roads, streets, enhance scientific and cultural quality of rural offer more job opportunities, and raise people think schools should select pupils according to their academic ability, and others believe pupils with different abilities should be educated s both views and give your opinion.分班教育：
ent children need varying degrees of will understand the material by themselves with minimum guidance, others need the lesson broken down into small will be the best if they are grouped by types and levels of their abilities and given different instructions are many difficulties in the realization: having troublemakers, learning disabled, and the gifted in the same classroom, too chaotic, time-consuming.*if we go too far with this kind of education, the educational system will finally end up in a chaos resulting from too much spanersity of inspanidual needs and interests.共同学习：
1.a classroom reflects the rich spanersity of the heterogeneous classroom, the perspective, experiences, and backgrounds of all students are valued for enriching students collaborate, each inspanidual has the opportunity to make a ne learns from everyone else.ts are exposed to a variety of types people which adds to their social can grow up to be more socially competent ing students with academic performance is in itself a kind of students identified academically “inferior” and spanided into a lower-class might live their entire lives in this only will they get laughed at by their academically “superior” peers, but their parents or even the kids themselves will think of themselves order to learn a language well, we should also learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak what extent do you agree or disagree?
学习文化的重要性
understanding one culture can facilitate the learning of a can apply language on various social occasions
it can motivate the enthusiasm of the learners
develop cross-cultural communication skills and sensitivity
deeper understanding of the local culture and lifestyle of the ge is more than rules, syntax, and too little has been done to prevent animals and plants from dying out, although people have noticed this problem for a long have people failed to improve this situation? what are your suggestions?
物种灭绝的原因
lack environmental awareness, and they have no knowledge about the correlation of living species and are no enough technology and fund to establish perfect s and plants are treated as resources of human purpose.(such as food, clothes and other kinds of garnish)
population explosion results in shrinking space for habitats.解决方法：
ment should establish such organizations to raise fund, and provide financial aid for conservation can launch campaigns for animal welfare, and raise the consciousness of species sful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important people think this is fully justified while others think it is s both these views and give your own opinion.体育明星拿高薪是正当的：
to the efforts and devotion, the medals and honors can be gained in national or even international benefit the society in their own way: popularize sports, present the notion of power, courage and have to retire when they are young, so high salary ensures that they can have good lives.认为不正当：
who take other significant jobs such as doctors, lawyers, teachers and scientists contribute considerably to the society, but they may not get high sports encourage people to experience violence, and set a bad example for the general sports stars become the mouthpiece of companies or product due to their attractive appearances or their reputation, they easily earn a great deal of money, it seems people said the government shouldn't put money on building theaters and sports stadiums;they should spend more money on medical care and or not disagree?
政府投资教育和医疗的好处：
education can assist people to break the cycle of the government does not give financial aid to poor children, they may remain poor throughout their lifespan and even across education will improve productivities of inspaniduals, so it will enhance the productivity of a has far-reaching effects on prosperity of a high quality and availability of health care will win the loyalty of local community.政府投资体育设施或歌剧院的好处：
art is essential to modern life, and it is central to a civilized and art provide a positive outlet for human and art meet human’s spiritual needs, and enhance our cultural life.
