作为一位无私奉献的人民教师,总归要编写教案,借助教案可以有效提升自己的教学能力。那么问题来了,教案应该怎么写?下面是小编整理的优秀教案范文,欢迎阅读分享,希望对大家有所帮助。
《看云识天气》教案篇一
(一)知识目标
l、理解恰当的比喻对说明事物特征的作用。
2、复习分类说明的方法。
3、进一步学习和巩固有关说明顺序的知识。
(二)能力目标 培养观察能力和积累语言的能力。
(三)情感目标
1、培养良好的观察习惯和科学精神。
2、体会谚语这种语言的形式美。
重点:打比喻、分类别的说明方法。
难点:1、比喻、拟人、排比、对比、引用等大量修辞方法的运用及作用。
2、课文的主体部分,即怎样看云识天气这部分,由于云层、光彩的种类繁多,变化复杂,学生一时难于分辨,所以这一部分也是本次教学的一个难点。
1、进行说的比赛,其中还可以培养观察能力。
2、听音乐,描述可能出现的画面。
3、分小组讨论,进行制表。
4、搜集有关识别天气的谚语,班上交流,并建立一个小天气预报站。
导入新课
先放一段音乐,请同学们描述一下画面:阴云密布,狂风大作,大雨点砸在盆上叮当响,人们四下奔跑的声音,鸡鸭乱叫声。 从这段描述中,我们看到的是暴雨来临时的场面,由什么的变化引起了雨的到来?对,是云、风的到来引起的,所以说,云的变化就能暗示天气变化。(训练学生听、说的能力和想像力)今天,我们就来学习讲述云和天气关系的课文——《看云识天气》。
(一)明确目标
1、理清作者的写作思路。
2、理清如何看云识天气。
3、打比喻、分类别的说明方法。
(二)整体感知
本文是一篇事理说明文,具体、生动地介绍了云的形态、变化及云上的光彩现象同天气的关系,说明了怎样看云识天气。
(三)教学过程
1、复习提问
(1)从题目上看,这是说明什么的文章? 说明云和天气关系的文章。
(2)从题目上看,你还能读出什么来? 体裁说明文,说明顺序:逻辑顺序
2、读课文,第1段老师范读,第2段全班女生齐读,第3、4两段分别由两名女同学朗读,第5段、第6段分别由两名男生朗读,第7段全班男生齐读。
3、划分段落,概括段意。
第一部分(第1段):指出云就像是天上的“招牌”,从而说明为什么可以看云识天气。
第二部分(第2-6段):具体介绍云的形态变化,云上的光彩现象同天气的关系,从而说明怎样看云识天气。
第三部分(第7段):说明看云识天气的意义和局限性。
4、这样分段,体现了什么说明顺序? 逻辑顺序(由现象到本质)。
5、阅读第1段,回答下面各题。
(l)这段的结构是怎样的?(总分总)
(2)如何分层? 第一句是第一层,最后一句是第三层,中间是第二层。
(3)第一段中哪些内容照应“姿态万千”,哪些内容照应“变化无常”?
“有的像羽毛,轻轻地飘在空中;有的像鱼鳞,一片片整整齐齐地排列着;有的像羊群,来来去去;有的像一张大棉絮,满满地盖住了天空;还有的像峰峦,像河川,像雄狮,像奔马……”这些内容与“姿态万千”相照应。 “它们有时把天空点缀得很美丽,有时又把天空笼罩得很阴森。刚才还是白云朵朵,阳光灿烂;一霎间却又是乌云密布,大雨倾盆”这些内容与“变化无常”相照应。
6、分组讨论制表,把同学们分成三个组,第一组阅读第3段,讨论并制出晴天云彩简表;第二组阅读第4、5段,讨论并制出雨雪冰雹云层变化简表;第三组阅读第6段,讨论并制出云彩识天气简表
7、同学交流如何看云识天气。
8、由多媒体演示云和天气的变化,并伴随音乐,同学们看着画面进行复述。
9、再速读课文,回答下列问题。
(1)“卷云、卷积云、积云、高积云是天气晴朗的象征;卷层云、高层云、雨层云,积雨云,这些云低而厚密,是阴雨风雪的预兆,”这是什么说明方法? 说明方法是分类别。
(2)“有的像羽毛,轻轻地飘在空中;有的像鱼鳞,一片片整整齐齐地排列着……”这是什么说明方法? 说明方法是打比方。
10、本文的说明方法是分类别、打比方,在文中找出例子来。
运用打比方的说明方法的句子有:
(l)有的像羊群,来来去去;有的像一张大棉絮,满满地盖住了天空;还有的像峰峦,像河川,像雄狮,像奔马……
(2)云就像是天气的“招牌”。
(3)卷云丝丝缕缕地飘浮着,有时像一片白色的羽毛,有时像一块洁白的绫纱。如果卷云成群成行地排列在空中,好像微风吹过水面引起的粼波。
(4)还有一种像棉花团似的白云,叫积云。
(5)远远望去,就像草原上雪白的羊群。
(6)隔着云着太阳和月亮,就像隔了一层毛玻璃,朦胧不清。
分类别:光彩有晕、华、虹、霞。
(四)总结、扩展 这篇课文紧扣题目进行说明,层次十分清晰:首先说明春云可以识天气。因为云和天气变化的关系十分密切,云是天气变化的“招牌”。再说怎样看云识天气。这是全文的重点,写得详细、缜密,从高层云依次说到低层云,从象征晴朗天气的云,依次说到带来暴风雨的云,又从云的形态特点和天气变化的关系,再说到云的光彩和天气变化的关系。在说明中,从现象入手,进而触及事物的本质。云的形态和光彩是现象;云和天气变化的关系,就是本质。云的种类很多,但说明层次不乱,先说什么,再说什么,后说什么,有助于把“春云识天气”的事理说清楚。最后画龙点睛,说明看云识天气的目的、方法和注意事项。
拟题训练,培养学生自主学习的习惯。
阅读课文的最后一部分,即最后一段分组拟题,互作答案。
结尾总结全文、点题,同时说明了看云识天气的局限性。
(五)布置作业 在课外,练习看云识天气。试着根据天空中的云彩形状,判断一下当天或第二天的天气情况,把结果写在教室后墙的黑板上。
《看云识天气》教案篇二
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《看云识天气》教案篇三
①快速阅读课文,概括课文内容要点,17 看云识天气。
②理清文章的思路。
③领会运用比喻的妙处。
④培养学生观察自然的兴趣和留心自然现象的习惯。
①把握课文主要内容,理清写作思路,体会运用比喻的妙处。
学生搜集有关云和天气的谚语,有关云的成语、诗词、文章片断等,解决课文中的生字。
《看云识天气》是一篇科普文,作者用生动形象的语言从两个方面介绍了云和天气的关系:不同形态的云和天气的关系;不同光彩的云和天气的关系。作者在说明的过程中,选取了恰当的说明角度和说明顺序,因此显得层次清晰,条理分明。这是值得我们学习和借鉴的。
①导入新课
唐代诗人刘禹锡在《竹枝词》中写道,“东边日出西边雨,道是无晴却有晴”,生动地描绘了一种有趣的天气现象,说明作者对这种自然现象观察得非常细致。因为天气与人类的生活息息相关,所以,千百年来,人们也在一直留心观察自然界,以图掌握规律,为人类服务。事实上,天气的变化也自有它的规律,自有它的征兆。现在,我们来看一组图片,你能说出它们与天气有怎样的关系吗?今天我们来学习一篇科学小品文——《看云识天气》
②检查预习生字情况
①出示学习目标。
②听读课文,思考:
a.云和天气到底有怎样的关系?
b.本文主要介绍了哪些云及其光彩?它们各有怎样的特征?分别预示怎样的天气情况?
请你设计一种表格来完成,看谁设计的好,初中一年级语文教案《17 看云识天气》。
四人小组合作学习,共同完成上述题目。
[明确]
①天空的薄云,往往是天气晴朗的象征;那些低而厚密的云层,常常是阴雨风雪的预兆。
②对于设计得好的同学要提出表扬。
①本文介绍了这么多的云和云的光彩,但我们读来条理清晰,作者是怎样做到这一点的?
你能从课文中找出有关语句吗?
学生速读课文,先独立思考,然后小组交流,最后师生共同明确:
文章先说不同形态的云和天气的关系。第1段概述,先用“天上的云,真是姿态万千,变化无常”一句总说,然后描绘了万千姿态的云。第2段是3、4、5段的“纲”:“薄云往往是天气晴朗的象征;那些低而厚密的云层,常常是阴雨风雪的预兆”,后面三段就是遵循这个“纲”展开的。第3段照应“薄云往往是天气晴朗的象征”,第4、5段照应“低而厚密的云层,常常是阴雨风雪的预兆”。第6自然段开始写“云的光彩同天气的关系”,最后一段总结全文。在文章内部,作者也是按照一定的思路来介绍的。例第3段,把“薄云”又分为“卷云”、“卷积云”、“积云”和“高积云”,并分别介绍了它们的特点及和天气的关系。
②本文是一篇介绍科学知识的说明文,但语言生动,对云的描摹也细致形象。作者主要采用了哪些修辞方法?运用这些方法有何好处?试从课文中找出几例加以体会。你能否
仿照课文中的例子造几个句子?
a.学生在课文中画出运用比喻、排比等修辞方法的句子。(侧重于比喻的修辞方法)
对于修辞方法,学生了解即可,关键体会运用比喻等修辞方法的好处(学生朗读找到的运用修辞方法的语句,重点谈谈体会)。
b.齐读课文第1自然段,体会说明语言的生动特点,并仿照课文造句。
示例:天上的云……像峰峦,像河流,像雄狮,像奔马……
[造句]
◆ 远处的霓红灯亮了,……
◆ 每月光照在地上,像……
本文介绍了种类繁多的云及云的光彩,但文章层次清晰,很有条理,关键在于作者选取了合理的说明顺序。先说什么,后说什么,作者做到了心中有数。
《看云识天气》教案篇四
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《看云识天气》教案篇五
1、学习并启发学生运用条分缕析的方法去观察研究事物。
2、理解生动的比喻对说明事物特征的作用,体会说明语言准确性。
3、掌握总分结构顺序及分类说明方法。
听写词语。完成《导》p61二1-3题。
了解说明文的有关知识。
唐代诗人刘禹锡在《竹枝词》中写到“东边日出西边雨,道是无晴却有晴”为我们生动地描绘了一种有趣的天气现象,从中也可看出作者对这一现象细致入微的观察。因为天气与人类的生活息息相关,所以千百年来人们一直在留心观察自然界,以便掌握日月星辰等自然物来了解天气的变化,并总结出许多相关的谚语、诗词等,而在各种观物识天气中,最重要的方法莫过于看云识天气。俗话说:“进门看脸色,出门看天色”,云就是天的“脸色”,通过“云”的变化,可以“识”阴晴风雨,预知天气变化。
那么,为什么看云可识天气?怎样看云识天气?《看云识天气》这篇科学小品将教你几招。
讲解说明文的有关考点和答题技巧。
速读课文、整体感知
研读第一自然段,品味比喻的妙处:语感训练(投影出第一段有关练习)
天上的云,姿态万千,变化无常。有的像羽毛,a;有的像鱼鳞,b;有的像羊群,有的像一张大棉絮,还有的像峰峦,像河川,像奔马……它们有时把天空点缀得很美丽,有时又把天空笼罩得很阴森。刚才还是白云朵朵,阳光灿烂,一霎时却又是乌云密布,大雨倾盆。云就像是天气的“招牌”,天上挂什么云,就将出现什么样的天气。
(1)下面四个短语是对文中的四个比喻的具体描述,它们各自在横线上的适当位置是:①来来去去②轻轻地飘在空中③满满地盖住了天空④一片片整整齐齐排列着a——b——c——d——
(2)这一段的中心句是_____________________________
(3)概括第一段的内容及在全文中的重要性。
明确:文章开头即介绍了云“千姿百态”“变化无常”的形态和特征,接着连用了八个比喻,紧扣“姿态万千”进行生动细致的描述,说明云的姿态之多,接着又用“刚才”“霎间”来突出云“变化无常”的特点,最后一句既是本部分的总结,也揭示了全文的中心“为什么看云可识天气”。
1、研读课文第二部分,2、找出云的特征及其预兆。
3、完成《导学导练》p61 二 4——6
话题一、体会第二段在文中提纲挈领的作用。
明确:第二段是3、4、5段的“纲”:段中分号前的文字引出第三段的内容,分号后的文字引出4、5段的内容。
话题二、①依次找出云的四种形态并归纳出共同特征:卷云→_____云→_____云→_____云。它们的共同特征都是轻、高、薄,一般不会带来雨雪。
②云有许多种类。将第一段文字与课文第三段进行比较阅读,可以知道:第一段中“像羽毛”的云指_____云,“像羊群”的云指_____云,并且推知,“像鱼鳞”的云是云,“像一张大棉絮”的云指_____云。
③依次找出云的四种变化并归结出共同特征:卷层云→_____云→_____云→_____云,它们的共同特征是低、厚、密,常常是雨雪天气的预兆。
话题三、云的光彩现象及预示的天气情况:晕、华、虹、霞,预示着晴、雨天气。
探讨:看云识天气有什么意义?又有什么局限性?随着科学技术的不断发展、气象卫星的科学预报,还有没有必要依据老经验看云识天气?
本文介绍了种类繁多的云及云的光彩现象同天气的关系,涉及的内容多、术语多,但文章层次清楚、条理分明,关键在于作者选取了合理的说明顺序,先说什么,后说什么,做到了心中有数。另外,作为一篇科普说明文,文章的语言生动形象,能够吸引读者,这得益于运用了恰当的比喻、排比、引用等修辞方法,更重要的还要归功于作者对自然现象的细心观察。其实,只要我们在生活中做个有心人,留心观察、善于观察,一样可以写出精彩的文章来。
《看云识天气》教案篇六
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《看云识天气》教案篇七
《看云识天气》为九年制义务教育课程标准实验教科书第四单元第17课,为讲读课文。这是一篇生动的科普读物,介绍的知识与我们生活密切相关。全篇文章采用了生动说明的形式,很能激发学生的阅读兴趣。通过本案例试图探索以下几个问题:
1、探索“教师引导、学生自主、培养能力”课堂教学;
2、如何走出说明文阅读教学繁琐机械的旧有模式,寻求说明阅读教学的新方法;
3.探讨阅读教学中,如何进行学生语言能力的训练;
《看云识天气》一文,主要是介绍了云和天气的关系,让学生了解农民生产生活中一些经验总结。本文是介绍说明性文章,为了让读者有兴趣,写法生动,运用了比喻、排比、拟人等修辞手法,使文章很富有文采。因此,我们在教学过程中,没必要段段落实,只须抓住重点、突破难点、训练学生筛选信息的能力,和语言表达能力,没有必要按照说明文的知识点(说明对象、说明方法、说明顺序、说明语言等)进行教学。
据此,这篇课文安排一个教学课时,知识目标、重点、难点教学课时确定为:
1、了解云与天气的关系(筛选信息);
2、积累一些与天气相关的谚语、诗词;
能力目标:品味文章生动优美的语言;
情感目标:激发学生观察生活、了解自然的兴趣。
1、了解云与天气的关系;
2、品味文章生动的语言;
品味文章生动优美的语言。
本案例设计以培养发展学生的自主学习能力为出发点,由浅入深,由易而难组织教学内容。以学生为主体,教师引导学生的学习和技能训练的过程,让学生自主探究,了解内容,最终实现提高品味语言能力和语言表达能力,并获得整体发展的目的。
在教学中,以猜谜活动、拆字游戏引出课题,把学生朗读、默读、品味、模仿、游戏合为一体,在了解文章内容的基础上,充分感受文本的优美语句,并教学学生品味生动语言的方法,以期培养学生的听说读写能力。
一:导入新课
师:我们先来做个谜语游戏——运动会上都有它,请猜一个字。
生:[举手]动。
师:同学们认为呢?
生:不好。
师:再请一个同学说说。
生:云
师:能不能说说你的根据,好吗?
生:因为,“运”“动”“会”三个字中都有“云”字。
师:很好。不知同学们有没有学习过“云”的英语单词?
生:有,cloud!
师:不知同学知不知道“云”字的繁体?请一个同学来写好吗?
生:把“云”字的繁体“雲”。
师:很好!我们能不能从这个字看出点什么呢?
生:有“雨”字。
生:和天气有关。
生:我觉得天上有云时,可能快要下雨了吧?
师:同学们说得都不错,我们从这个字也可以看出古代劳动人民在生产生活中对云和天气的关系有了一定的认识,并掌握了一些规律,今天我们来学习的《看云识天气》,我们来看看云与天气有什么样关系……
二:品味语言
学生齐读第1段后。
师:同学们,你们喜欢这段文字吗?
生:喜欢。
师:为什么?
生:因为它很好。
师:好在哪?
生1:用了比喻、拟人的修辞方法。
师:还有吗?
生1:没有了。
师:还有补充吗?
生2:还有一些词语用得很好。
师:你能不能说说哪个词语用得好?
生2:“招牌”这个词用得好。因为形象的写出了云与天气的关系。
师:说得真好。这段文字有的是使用了某种修辞,有的是使用某种句式,有的是运用了优美的词语,有的是使用了某种表达方式。小到一个词语、大到一个句子,可以说这样的句子很多。请同学们用这样的形式来说:“我喜欢这……个句子,因为……”来表示你对本段语言的评价。如:我喜欢“它们有时把天空点缀得很美丽,有时又把天空笼罩得很阴森。刚才还是白云朵朵,阳光灿烂;一霎间却又是乌云密布,大雨倾盆。”因为它运用了对比的修辞手法,突出地显示了天气的天化无常。
学生动手写句子,教师巡视。学生举手发言。
生1:我选择“云就像是天气的‘招牌’,天上挂什么云,就将出现什么样的天气。”我喜欢这个句子运用了比喻的修辞方法,“招牌”生动地写出了云和天气的关系。
师:说得不错,谁再来说说。
生2:我选择“它们有的像羽毛,轻轻地飘在空中;有的像鱼鳞,一片片整整齐齐地排列着;有的像羊群,来来去去。”我喜欢它用了排比、比喻的修辞方法,形象地写出了天上的云恣万千,优美可爱。
三:课堂游戏
在找出各种云和云上的光彩这后,教师让学生以一种云或光彩的身分作自我介绍。介绍要求:①充分利用文中描写云彩的句子;②让别人明白你将会带来怎样的天气。③对照课文,学生各人自说自讲,或在书上作记号,或写在本子上。④先各自预演,后课堂交流。
师:[示例]“嘿!大家好,我常丝丝缕缕地飘浮着,有时像一片白色的羽毛,有时像一块洁白的绫纱。别看我身子很单薄,可我最轻盈,站得也最高,阳光可以透过我照到地面。我很受欢迎,因为我会给大家带来晴朗的天气。大家知道我是谁吗?”
生1:hello,大家好。我常常是扁球状,排列很匀称,我中间露出碧蓝的天幕,如果你远远地看我,我就像草原上雪白的羊群,大家猜一猜我是谁?
生:[齐声]高积云。
生2:我常在太阳和月亮的周围出现,有时我成一种美丽的光圈,里层是红色,外层是紫色,我常常是大风雨的征兆。人们也常常议论我说什么:“日晕三更雨,月晕午时风。”你们可知道我是谁——
生:[齐声]晕
首先,本案例力图体现“教师引导、学生自主、培养能力”的教学理念。学生的学习活动贯穿课堂始终,无论是对文章信息的筛选,还是对语言的品味,都不是由教师直接“灌输”,而是由学习主体的自主体验而发现的。教师的作用变为真正的组织者和引导者。教师在课堂教学中是学习活动的促成者,既不将知识和盘托出,也不是简单地设置学习目标或用命令性的任务去驱使学生的学习活动,而是努力将一定的教学内容游戏化,用兴趣引导学生进行学习实践。
教师以教材调动学生,使学生乐学,并将一定的学习目标转化为学生的学习兴趣,并通过创设合理的情境,让学生的学习活动始终处于兴奋状态。教师在动态的教学过程中重视对学生的学习行为的引导、点拨、调控,让学生的学习活动围绕即定的目标展开,通过朗读、默读、品味、模仿、游戏,进行快乐的学习,激发学习兴趣,产生自行学习的内在动机。
其次,本案例中对于说明性文章进行一些探索。说明文的阅读教学不能等同于地理生物或其他学科,其他学科侧重的是让学生掌握科学的规律,而语文课中说明文教学,虽是以科普短文为文本,但教学的侧重点应体现语文学科的特点,即通过文本学习语言、培养细致观察的科学精神,而不是掌握科学知识——这是其他学科的任务,语文课堂不必包办。毫无疑问,在这短暂一节课中,学生对云与天气的关系了解肯定是粗浅的,但这已无关紧要,学生可以在日后结合生活实际去认真观察实践。
旧有的说明文教学常是学习说明对象、说明方法、说明顺序、说明语言,面面俱到,按部就班,机械繁杂,教者吃力,学者厌烦。本案例紧扣教学目标,突出教学重点,力求删繁就简,避熟就新。首先,不求知识点的全面,抓住语言训练这一重难点,去除细枝末节。对说明性文章的阅读教学作了一些探索。
再次,进行语言能力的训练,避开以往教学中过多的强调修辞和语法知识,不作繁琐分析,不是用定论的方式传授,而是引导学生通过感情,自己去发现知识。这样学生获得的不仅是知识的结论,而是进行了知识的生成过程,符合“要让学生感受、理解知识产生的发展的过程”的新要求。同时,教师以课文为蓝本,让学生在朗读的基础上,品味优美生动的语言,让学生评析、模仿、加工、游戏、创造,虽然稚嫩和粗糙,但却是学生对文本真实的体验和对话,并在对话中经历类似于科学发现的某些思考、分析、概括的过程。实践证明,这样的语言训练,是有效的,也是学生乐于接受的。
最后,但不足这处也是明显的:(1)教师在时间的控制上,不尽合理,显得前松后紧,结课甚至有些仓促。(2)由于农村中学教学条件的限制,教师制作的课件无法应用到教学中来,使得课堂不够流畅。(3)对于学生的发言,缺少适当的激励性评价。
《看云识天气》教案篇八
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������󣬵������⴦ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ç°ï¿½éºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ö´ù¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2������å©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿î¼ï¿½ï¿½þ·ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ã²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½è±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½
《看云识天气》教案篇九
1、注重观察事物的条理性(条分缕析)
2、体会说明语言的准确性(生动形象)
3、强调留心观察的重要性(时时处处)
在快速阅读中概括课文内容要点
理解掌握云的名称
这是一篇介绍云彩知识的科普文。学生经常看得多,但仔细观察研究少。设想应用多媒体手段,通过学生的阅读、研讨和教师的释疑解惑,来实现教学目标。
一课时
㈠、 导入新课
1、请一同学判断当天的天气,根据什么?
2、从天气引伸到云彩,那么,如何根据云彩来判断天气呢?
3、出示有关云彩的.课件,看云识天气
㈡、 课题探究
——云和天气、云的变化和天气变化、看云和识天气
㈢、 感知课文
1、天上的云是怎样的呢?
姿态万千(形态) 变化无穷(特征)
2、描绘云彩的目的又是什么呢?
天上挂什么样的云,就将出现什么样的天气——“招牌”、“标志”
3、讨论:此段的结构形式怎样?中心句是哪一句?
总——分——总 最后一句
4、本段说明的语言非常生动形象,表现在哪些地方?
不仅形象具体,而且有动态特点
用词非常准确
5、学生仿说
天上的月亮像……像……像……
《看云识天气》教案篇十
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《看云识天气》教案篇十一
1、知识和能力:能根据云的变化,较为准确的判断天气状况,掌握一些地理知识;能准确分析比喻句,了解本体和喻体之间的相似点,体会其形象生动的特点。2、过程与方法:运用多媒体教学手段,让学生观看云的图片,加强感性认识,更好地理解课文。
3、情感、态度与价值观:关注天气变化,关注大自然,培养学生细心观察身边事物、环境、社会的习惯。
快速浏览课文,能准确搜集到云的变化与天气变化之间的关系。如何在引导学生“看云识天气”的过程中,既了解了一些地理知识,又能上出语文味。一、师生谈话入题师:闲暇的时候,你们会做哪些事来自娱自乐呢?
(生可能会出现的回答:体育运动;玩电脑游戏;逛街;看电视,等等。)
师:我的童年是在乡村度过的,那时候没有电视,也没有电脑,也少有玩具,很多时候,是坐在屋前的石凳上,抬头看天上的云,天上的云,真是姿态万千,千变万化啊!有时像人,有时像动物,有时候还像是一棵棵的树。就这么坐着看云的变化,能看上好半天,真是一种美的享受。你们有和我一样的经历和感受吗?
(生可能答有,也可能答没有,后者的可能性可能更大。)
引:小时候,并不知道这变化多端的云与自然界的阴晴、风雨、电闪雷鸣休戚相关。(面向回答有时也看云的同学,你们也可能跟我一样,只是纯粹的欣赏吧?)那么,今天,让我们抬起头来,去观察天上的云,做一个气象预报者,如何?(此处,可先打出几幅云的图片资料,给学生一个直观的认识。)
二、快速浏览课文,这
篇课文介绍了几种云?请按先后顺序在文中划出来
参考答案:卷云,卷积云,积云,高积云,卷层云,高层云,雨层云,积雨云;(根据云的光彩)晕、华、虹、霞。
三、锁定细读范围(3~6段)设计一张表格,列出云及其光彩的种类、特征和他们分别预示的天气情况。
参考答案:
晴天云简表云名云的形态变化高度厚度天气征兆卷云像羽毛响绫纱,丝丝绿绿的漂浮着最高最薄象征晴朗卷积云像水面上的鳞波,是成群成行的卷云很高很薄无雨雪积云像棉花团,上午出现,傍晚消散2000米左右较薄阳光温和高积云像草原上的雪白的羊群,扁球状,排列整齐2000米左右较薄天晴
雨雪冰雹云层变化简表
云名变化过程形状位置天气征兆卷层云卷云聚集,向前推进像白绸幕蒙住天空高晴转阴高层云卷云越变越厚像毛玻璃遮着太阳低将下雨雪雨层云高层云变得更厚暗灰色云块密布天空更低雨雪连绵积雨云积云迅速形成高大云山乌云密布天空更低雷雨冰雹
云的光彩简表
光名产生和分布情况色彩天气征兆晕产生在卷层云上,分布在日月周围里红外紫日晕三更雨,月晕午时风华产生在高积云边缘部分里紫外红华环由小变大,转晴;由大变小,转阴晴虹雨过天晴,在太阳对面的云幕上彩色圆弧东虹轰隆西虹雨霞早、晚,太阳照者对面的云彩云层变红朝霞不出门,晚霞行千里
四、出示图片,根据所学的知识判断天气状况(分析课本前的插图)
例:第一幅图片表明是积云,标志是:云的形状像团团棉花,预示天气晴好。
第二幅图片表明是高积云,标志是:扁球状的,云块间露出碧蓝的天幕,像羊群,预示天气晴好。
第三幅图片表明是卷云,标志是:像羽毛响绫纱,丝丝绿绿的漂浮着,预示天气晴好。
第四幅图片表明是晚霞,标志是:从黑黑的云幕上可知(判断晚霞的一个最直接的办法是根据观察的时间便知道是朝霞还是晚霞。)预示最近几天天气晴朗(晚霞行千里。)
五、探究交流
课文开头,就点出了天上的云的特点:姿态万千,变化无常。为了突出云的这一特点,作者用了很多与我们的现实生活联系密切的事物加以比喻,请你把这些比喻句找出来,读一读,并用你喜欢的形式展示各种云的形态特点。(自读建议:可以背一背,把你读到的感兴趣的句子储存在你的记忆库中;可以画一画,把你读到的感兴趣的句子用笔画出来,可以说一说,说说你喜欢这个句子的理由;等等。)
(设计这道题目的目的:“新课标”第二部分的阶段性目标中讲到第四学段的阅读目标的时候,第5点明确指出:对课文的和表达有自己的
心得,能提
出自己的看法和疑问,能运用合作的方式,共同探讨疑难问题。第8点又指出,欣赏文学作品,能说
出自己的体验,能品味作品中富于表现力的语言。《看云识天气》虽然不是文学作品,而是一
篇科普读物,但这
篇文章中却运用了大量的比喻句,而这一修辞手法也是文学作品常常运用的。所以这一问题的设计,既是通过这样个性化的阅读,加深对说明对象的印象,又尊重学生的阅读个性,达到品味语言的目的。这一问题的设计意图是让这
篇极像是普及地理知识的课文回归到语文课堂上来。)
(对这道题目,因为学生有多种形式的解读,所以教师的应变应随学生的反应而相机行事。有一点必须明确,教师热情洋溢的表扬,由衷的赞美,都能激发学生的学习热情,都能使更多的学生积极思考,他们的回答将会绽现出智慧的光芒和鲜明的个性。)六、从
网上下载有关“云”的精美图片,让学生选择其中的一幅图片,展开想象的翅膀,用比喻句的形式,描述云的形状及色彩
七、作业课外搜集关于天气的谚语,分类积累。(比一比,看谁积累得多。)
《看云识天气》教案篇十二
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《看云识天气》教案篇十三
教学目标
1.体会本文准确生动的语言特点。
2.提升学生用准确语言做生动说明的能力。
3.激发学生观察大自然的兴趣和留心自然现象的习惯。
教学重难点
提升学生用准确语言做生动说明的能力。
教学工具
多媒体
教学过程
一、激趣导入
“云”的繁体字是“雲”,从“雲”的结构字形看出古人在生产生活中已经对云与天气的关系有所认识了。唐代诗人刘禹锡在《竹枝词》中写道:“东边日出西边雨,道是无晴却有晴。”生动的描绘了一种有趣的天气现象,说明作者对这种自然现象观察的非常细致。因为天气与人类的生活息息相关,所以,千百年来,人们也在一直留心观察自然界,以图掌握自然规律,为人类服务。《看云识天气》是一篇事理性说明文,这是从说明对象的角度说的,如果从语言方面看,本文又是一篇生动的说明文,这节课我们来学习本文生动的语言。
二、温故。(从听说读写四方面考查旧知识)
(1)注音 棉絮( ) 峰峦( ) 霎时( ) 丝缕( ) 绫纱( ) 鳞波( ) 匀称( )朦胧( ) 崩塌( ) 弥漫( ) 月晕( ) 谚语( )
通过导学案自主作答,互换检查纠正,再请发音字正腔圆的同学带领大家朗读。
(2)通过四个问题针对个别与集体提问。
a.本文采用了怎样的说明顺序? b.说说本文的行文结构?
c.列举该文使用过的说明方法? d.按顺序排叫出八种云的名字。
三、知新。(板块活动)
多媒体出示学习目标,之后播放《踏浪》歌曲片段,发现歌词特点,放松心情,回忆文中云的形态。
(1)探究表述之美。
多媒体出示:(第一个学习板块:演读,熟悉云。)
1. 明确任务:请大家任选一种云,以第一人称的方式作自我介绍。
2.介绍要求:充分利用描写云彩的语言材料,让别人明白你将会带带来怎样的天气。
示例:大家好,我是卷云,我常丝丝缕缕地漂浮着,有时像一片白色的羽毛,有时像一块洁白的绫纱。别看我身子很单薄。可我最轻盈,站的也最高,阳光可以透过我照到地面,我很受欢迎,因为我会给大家带来晴朗的天气。
(2)探究语言之美。
多媒体展示:(第二个学习板块:说读,品味语言。)
请大家用“我认为______写得好,美在_______”的句式,把你认为最美的句子和你对它的评价,推荐给大家。
提示:语言之美来自于某种修辞、句式、词语、段落、表达方式等等。
幻灯片展示本文语言特色:生动形象------形象性(文学性)准确严密-------知识性(科学性)
仿照第一段写几句话:夜幕四合,周围的群山______
示例:(抓住说明对象的特征)夜幕四合,周围的群山,形态各异,宁静无比。它们有的像瘦弱的骆驼,背上的重物压得挪不开脚步;有的像卧佛,神态安详的打着盹;有的像巨蟒,在流云的映衬下慢慢潜行;还有的像一堵闸门,像天上倒挂的垂幔;像高高的谷堆.......
(3)探究写法之美。
多媒体展示:(第三个学习板块:评读,讨论总结文章写法上的独特之处。)
小组讨论发现写法上的独特之处,最后多媒体展示:a美在层次清晰,逻辑性强;b美在抓住了云的主要特征来说明;c美在运用了多种说明方法来说明事物;d 语言严密准确,作者准确的使用了表示时间、范围的副词。
过渡:1805年深秋拿破轮同荷兰作战,荷兰人决堤放水阻住拿破轮军队前进的步伐。正当拿破轮下令撤退时,一位士兵报告:天将变寒,可以踏冰而过,因为河岸到处是蜘蛛忙于织蛛网的情景。后来拿破轮依此攻破荷兰首都。这位士兵就是根据自然现象??蜘蛛织蛛网来预测天气的状况。除此以外,我们还知道哪些自然现象能预测天气情况?。
(4)交流积累之美。
多媒体展示:(第四个学习板块:寻读,课外拓展。)
点示:课文讲的是“看云识天气”,其实在现实生活中,我们不仅仅是通过“看云”才能识别“天气”,我们可以看“动物”、“植物”、“某种现象”或“一些感觉”都可以帮我们识别天气,有的方法特别灵,有的已经形成谚语,广为流传。你能说出一两条吗?
总结:通过赏读发现,本文句句犹如朵朵迎春花,散发着亲切喜人的芳香,使得我们在这些生动说明的吸引下,愉快的阅读下去,沉浸在这丰富的知识性和鲜活的趣味性之中。
多媒体出示课尾感悟:对于我们的眼睛,不是缺少美,而是缺少发现;对于我们的心,不是缺少有心,而是缺少感知!
课后习题
开展活动:从现在开始的几十天里,每天抽出点时间,练习看云识天气,判断当天或第二天的天气情况,轮流发布天气预报,看谁是班里的首席山寨版预报员。
《看云识天气》教案篇十四
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《看云识天气》教案篇十五
教学目标
知识与技能:
1、理解文章主要内容。
2、理解说明的思路及说明方法。
过程与方法:
1、学习运用比喻的妙处。
2、掌握并学习抓住事物特征进行说明的写法。
情感态度与价值观:
1、培养学生观察自然的兴趣。
2、培养学生留心自然现象的习惯。
教学重难点
【教学重点】1、理解文章主要内容。2、理解说明的思路及说明方法。3、掌握并学习抓住事物特征进行说明的写法。
【教学难点】1、培养学生观察自然的兴趣。2、培养学生留心自然现象的习惯。
教学过程
一、导入新课
1、猜字谜--云
春夏秋冬,阴晴雨雪,风云变幻,气象万千。天气与人类生活息息相关。而天气的变化自有它的征兆。在生活中有许多谚语正说明了云与天气的关系。同学们知道有哪些呢?如“云往东,车马通;云往南,水涨潭;云往西,披蓑衣;云往北,好晒麦。”“天上钩钩云,地下雨淋淋”“朝霞不出门,晚霞行千里”等等。看来云是天气的“招牌”的确不错,为什么会有这样的情况呢?让我们一起来听听作者的解读吧。
2、文体介绍
3、生字词认识
二、整体感知
1、自由阅读课文,划出本文的过渡句或中段落中心句并给文章划分层次。
第一部分(1)总写云是天气的“招牌”,人们可以看云识天气。
第二部分(2-6)具体介绍云的形态、变化,天上的云彩现象和天气的关系,从而说明怎样看云识天气。
第三部分(7)说明看云识天气的意义和局限性。
2、云有哪些形态和光彩呢?它们分别有什么特征以及分别预示着怎样的天气状况呢?请同学们以四人小组讨论完成下表:
类别特征天气情况
云的形态
晴: 卷云像羽毛,像绫纱阳光可以透过它照到地面
卷积云像鳞波它不会带来雨雪
积云像棉花团在天空映着温和的阳光
高积云像羊群云块间露出碧蓝的天空
阴: 卷层云仿佛白色绸幕它向前推进,天气将转阴
高层云像毛玻璃它预示着将要下雨或下雪
雨: 雨层云布满天空雨雪就开始下降
积雨云形成高大的云山马上就会下暴雨
云的光彩
晕里红外紫日晕三更雨,月晕午时风
华里紫外红华环由小变大,转晴;由大变小,转阴雨
虹彩色圆弧东虹轰隆西虹雨
霞云层变红朝霞不出门,晚霞行千里
3、自然拓展
过渡:云真是变化多端,很奇妙。它离天最近,是最佳的天气预测者。但善于观察的人一定会发现,除了云之外,自然界中还有许多东西都可以预示天气。你发现或听说过吗?它们预示着怎样的天气呢?
明确:燕子低飞,要下雨。鸡迟迟不愿入笼,是下雨的预兆。蜻蜓低飞要下雨。蚂蚁搬家预示将要下大雨。蜘蛛张网补网兆天晴……
4、质疑设悬
通过刚才的学习,以及同学们对谚语和自然现象的收集,我们发现只要仔细观察身边的任何一样细小的事物,都会发现它蕴藏着的独特的魅力。但当我们需要将它们描述出来,又怎样才能做到精彩、生动、有趣呢?那我们下节课再来品读。
三、品味语言
1、用一个词来评价语言上的特点。
优美
2、生动优美的语言主要是运用了哪些手法来体现的呢?试在文中找出来并举例说明。
(1)运用贴切的比喻:
“有时像一片白色的羽毛,有时像一块洁白的绫纱”说明卷云的轻盈和洁白;
“好像微风吹过水面引起的粼波”比喻卷积云的形态特征;
“像棉花团似的白云”比喻积云的形态特征;
写卷云聚集成卷层云时用“仿佛蒙上了白色的绸幕”作比喻。
(2)运用拟人的手法:
写卷层云变成高层云时,用“这时的卷层云得改名换姓,该叫它高层云了”;
写高层云变成雨层云时,用“太阳和月亮都躲藏了起来”.
(3)用描写的语句:
“阳光透过云层……依然很清晰”,写出了“卷云”的“薄”;
用“向上凸起”、“高大的云山”、“群峰争奇”、“耸入天顶”等词语写由积云到积雨云;“云底变黑”、“云峰模糊”、“云山崩溃”、“乌云弥漫”描绘“积雨云”的发展变化。
(4)用词准确:
问:写“积云”变化为“积雨云”的一段用了哪些表示时间的词,找出来,说说它们的作用。迅速、不一会、顷刻、马上……说明变化速度之快,用词又不雷同。
(5)引用了谚语,简短、通俗、鲜明、生动。
四、解析方法
1、手法的运用是为了将语言变得生动优美,那为了将事物说明得更加清楚,还得讲究运用一定的说明方法。例如:打比方、分类别等等。文章主要运用了哪些说明方法,试举例说明,并说说其作用。
(1)打比方。
例:①“云就像是天气的‘招牌':天上挂什么云,就将出现什么样的天气。”
(“招牌”时商店的标志,云是天气变化的标志,比喻准确。)
②卷云丝丝缕缕地漂浮着,有时像一片白色的羽毛,有时像一块洁白的绫纱。如果卷云成群成行地排列在空中,好像微风吹过水面引起的鳞波,这就成了卷积云。
(将卷云比喻成“白色的羽毛”和“洁白的纱”,说明其轻盈、洁白。把成群排列的卷积云比喻成“微风吹过水面引起的鳞波”,这就形象地说明了卷积云的特点。)
打比方使文章生动,更重要的是让云的特征更加鲜明。
(2)分类别
根据云的不同特点,把云分成不同种类,这样使说明条理更清晰,更明确。
(3)作比较
按照不同的光彩,作者把云分为四种--晕、华、虹、霞,把它们之间的差别,进行了比较说明。这种作比较的方法更好地突出了云和天气关系的特征。
五、小结
本文介绍了种类繁多的云及云的光彩,但文章层次清晰,很有条理,关键在于作者选取了合理的说明顺序。同时,作者善于运用多种修辞手法和说明方法使原本枯燥的说明变得非常生动形象。
更重要的是对于自然现象的细心观察,耐心思考。其实,只要我们做生活的有心人,善于观察,细心思考,一样可以从小事情中发现大道理来。
《看云识天气》教案篇十六
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《看云识天气》教案篇十七
1. 知识与能力。
(1)能说出本文说明的内容和特点;
(2)能阐述本文说明的方法及效果。
2.过程与方法。
(1)能在学习本文内容的过程中运用探究和概括的方法;
(2)能在理解本文情感的过程当中运用想象和体验的方法。
3.情感态度与价值观。
(1)能感受云的姿态美和光彩美;
(2)能体会文中蕴含的科学精神。
能说出本文内容的特点及效果
一、初次“看云”,激趣导入。
在我们的生活中,有许多大自然现象,人们经常会通过观察它们,了解天气情况。云就是其中一种,万里无云,我们会知道天气晴朗;阴云密布,我们会知道即将下雨。如果再仔细一点,我们会收获更多有趣的发现。今天,让我们一起学习《看云识天气》,看一看关于云的现象吧!
(设计意图:激发学生对自然现象的关注从而引入新课。)
二、再次“看云”,初读对象。
安排学生自由地诵读课文,读完之后自主概括文章的说明对象,概括要经历从粗略到精细的过程,先用一句话概括,再用两句话概括,最后用多句话概括。要求尽量借助文章的原话或关键字词,要求:简洁、准确、全面(三个要求逐级提升)。时间:10分钟左右。
每人先独立完成后,再展开小组交流,相互评判,得出小组的最佳答案,教师再随机抽取小组的同学回答,边介绍边自评和互评,形成全班的基本共识。
最后,教师也说说自己的基本看法:用一句话概括就是:看云识天气;用两句话概括是:看云的姿态识天气,看云的光彩识天气;用多句话概括时,教师出示表格,让学生把课文中“云的名称”和“天气的特征”找出,并完成填写。
(设计意图:提高学生概括文章内容的能力。)
三、三次“看云”,再读顺序。
要求学生梳理文章的说明顺序,并判定其所属的类别,在开始之前,教师先介绍说明顺序的三大类:时间顺序、空间顺序和逻辑顺序。要求简洁、准确、全面三个要求逐级提升。时间8分钟左右。
每人先独立完成后,再展开小组交流,相互评判,得出小组的最佳答案,教师再随机抽取小组的同学回答,边介绍边自评和互评,形成全班的基本共识。
最后,教师也说说自己的基本看法:本文是逻辑顺序。课文一至五段写云的姿态,第六段写云的光彩,第七段有一个总结。
(设计意图:让学生了解说明文的几种说明顺序,提高对文章结构和写作思路的整体把握。)
四、四次“看云”,精读方法。
教师先介绍说明方法主要有下定义、举例子、列数字、作比较、分类别、列图表、打比方、援引用等。再让学生进行自主概括说明的方法有哪些,分别举一些句子具体说明,并说说这些说明方法各有什么表达效果。要求:简洁、准确、全面(三个要求逐级提升)。时间:10分钟左右。
然后小组交流,相互评判和完善,之后教师随机抽点几位学生说说,边说边自评和互评,细化深化每人的学习。
最后,教师也说说自己的基本理解:本文主要的说明方法有三种:打比方、分类别、援引用。“打比方”集中在第1段,把云的不同姿态比喻成不同的物象;表达效果是生动形象,活泼有趣。“分类别”集中在主体部分,把云的姿态和光彩分成多种类别,分别说明;表达效果一是条理清楚,二是能全方位、多角度地说明事物。“援引用”集中在第6段,引用了许多民间谚语;表达效果是丰富了文章的内容且增长了读者的知识。
完成以上学习任务后,深入一步,让学生创新运用:本文给我们留下印象最深的说明方法是比喻,我们也仿造着造一个。题目是:“河对岸的霓虹灯亮了,远远望去,……”时间:3分钟左右。
然后小组交流,相互评判和完善,之后教师随机抽点几位学生说说,边说边自评和互评。
最后教师也说说自己的基本解答
像彩带,像珠帘,像游龙,像飞梭。/像闪耀的群星,像柔和的焰火,像仙女的裙带,像天宫的彩桥
(设计意图:运用归纳法掌握本文的说明方法。)
五、五次看云,细读语言。
要求学生再次细读课文,品味赏析课文语言,每人找出文本中修饰性的词语和补充性的句子,并用词语准确概括说明文语言的特点。要求简洁、准确、全面(三个要求逐级提升)。时间3分钟左右。
每人先独立完成后,再展开小组交流,相互评判,得出小组的最佳答案,教师再随机抽取小组的同学回答,边介绍边自评和互评,形成全班的基本共识。
最后教师也说说自己的基本理解:在句中加入一些词语的例子,比如第2段中有“往往”“常常”,第3段中有“一般”“常”“都”等。这些词如果删去,意思就有差异了。在段中加入一些句子的例子,比如第7段最后两句:“但是,天气变化异常复杂,看云识天气毕竟有一定的限度。要准确掌握天气变化的情况,还得依靠天气预报。”如果删去这两句,就片面夸大了看云识天气的作用。由此可见,说明文语言的特点是准确和严密。
(设计意图:对文本语言进行提炼和解读,提高学生的文本感受力。)
六、六次“看云”,回顾总结。
下课前,每人想一句结束语,总结自己的学习收获或学习启示。要求总结收获准确、全面,总结启示深刻、独到。先在纸上写下来。时间2分钟左右。
每人独立完成后,在小组内相互交流,并互相评判,然后教师随机抽点几个小组的代表发言,边介绍边自评和互评,之后,随机自主发言。
最后,教师也说说自己的总结,继续激励学生的学习。
今天的学习内容是看云识天气,具体来说是看云的姿态和光彩识天气。说明文的基本学习方法是自主阅读和自主概括;边阅读边概括,先概括它说明了什么,即说明对象;再概括它怎样说明,即说明的顺序、说明的方法以及说明的语言等。在大自然中,还有许多有趣的现象,希望大家多多观察,尝试用说明文的方式,书写喜欢的一种现象。
(设计意图:提高学生自我总结的能力,体现归纳法学习。)
七、推荐阅读。
语文学习“得法于课内”,同时“得益于课外”,需要课外阅读。我向学生介绍一篇介绍天气的科普文章和意大利科学家、画家、音乐家达芬奇的《水》,读完之后写下自己的一两句感想或评论,与同学间相互交流,相互促进。
《看云识天气》教案篇十八
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流程及学习内容学习要求和方法
1、在理清思路的基础上,寻点探究,并体味文中优美的语言。
2、学习打比方、分类别等说明方法
在理清思路的基础上,寻点探究,学习打比方、分类别等说明方法
学习打比方、分类别等说明方法
精读第一段
1、要给第一段划分层次的话,应该怎样划分?用一句简单的话概括每个层次的内容。
2、第一段中“姿态万千”和“变化无常”在文中是通过哪些词语体现的?
3、品味一个词
这一段中有一个词语特别有意思,你知道是哪一个吗?
1、“卷云、卷积云、积云、高积云是天气晴朗的象征;卷层云、高层云、雨层云、积雨云,这些云低而厚密,是阴雨风雪的预兆”,这是什么说明方法?
比比谁找得最多!
在文中找出最少两处运用了上述说明方法的句子。
2、“有的像羽毛,轻轻地飘在空中;有的像鱼鳞,一片片整整齐齐地排列着……”这又运用了什么说明方法,你知道吗?
这种说明方法跟我们以前在散文、记叙文中学过的有异曲同工之妙。
比比谁找得最快!
在文章当中找一找运用了上述说明方法的句子吧!
3、比比谁找得准!
《看云识天气》中还运用了哪些说明方法?举例说明!
《课时优化》
说明文的常用结构模式:
1、总分式:包括总—分、分—总、总--分--总等,
2、事物说明文多用总分式,
3、其中“分”的部分又常按并列方式安排。
4、递进式:事理说明文多用递进式结构,
5、一层一层地剖析事理。
说明文知识小解:
说明事物的'方法很多,常见的有下定义、分类别、举例子、作比较、打比方、列数字、画图表、引资料(常见的八中)等等。
说明文语言特点:
科 学、 、周 密、等特点
《看云识天气》教案篇二十
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《看云识天气》教案篇二十一
人民教育出版社出版的义务教育课程标准实验教科书《语文》七年级上册第四单元第17课。
1、《看云识天气》是一篇科普文,也是一篇旧课文,过去常常把它当作说明文来处理。但这套新教材第一、二册并不强调文体的学习,因此,教学时不必指出它是什么文体,而应以练习学生的阅读概括能力为主。
2、学生地处乡村,这对培养学生观察自然的兴趣和留心自然现象的习惯尤有实际意义。
3、运用自主、合作、探究的学习方式。
1、知识与能力目标:了解课文中关于云和天气的科学知识,提高学生阅读现代科技文的能力和搜集、筛选信息的能力。
2、过程与方法目标:练习用较快速度默读课文,抓住主要信息,概括内容大意;在探究活动过程中获得一些搜集资料和研究问题的方法。
3、情感态度与价值观目标:培养学生观察自然的兴趣和留心自然现象的习惯。
1、整体感知课文内容,理清文章的思路。
2、巩固复习比喻这一修辞手法,积累课文中的比喻句,并领会运用这种修辞方法的好处。
学会搜集一些资料,加深对天气知识的了解。
提前两周布置任务,要求学生试着根据天空中的云彩形状,判断一下当天或第二天的天气情况,看谁判断得准确;上网查找或者到图书馆查阅,或者向有经验的长辈请教,搜集一些关于天气的谚语,分类积累,并留心作一些观察对照。
1、导入新课
天气状况对户外活动者来说非常重要,因为遭遇恶劣天气多半起因于天气骤然变化。因此,外出前在收听天气预报的同时,需要掌握一定的气候知识,学会看云识天气,使自己能够从容应对天气的异常变化。那么,怎样看云识天气呢?
2、检查预习
请学生从课前准备中简要谈谈自己的观察和感受。
3、整体感知
⑴学生用较快速度默读课文后,简要概括全文主要说了什么内容?用课文中的原话说说看云识天气最基本的经验是什么?
(方法指导:默读时要做到口不动、手不动、头不动,眼球则要转动。)
⑵跳读课文,设计一种表格,列出云及其光彩的种类、特征和它们分别预示的天气情况。
(学生可自行设计表格,也可每个小组设计一种,设计后同学之间相互交流。然后教师总结:先把云分成两大类,按照云的形态可分为晴天的云和雨雪天气的云;再按照云的光彩分为晕、华、虹、霞四种。)
⑶教师运用多媒体手段,让学生观看云的图片,并结合课本前面的彩色插页,加深学生对云的名称的理解。
4、重点研讨
⑴本文介绍了这么多的云和云的光彩,但我们读来条理清晰,作者是怎样做到这一点的?你能从课文中找出有关语句吗?
(学生速读课文,先独立思考,然后小组交流。)
提示:文章先说不同形态的云和天气的关系。第1段是概述,先总说一句:“天上的云,真是姿态万千,变化无常。”然后描绘了万千姿态的云。第2段是第3、4、5段的“纲”:“天空的薄云,往往是天气晴朗的象征;那些低而厚密的云层,常常是阴雨风雪的预兆。”第3、4、5段就是遵循这个“纲”展开的:第3段对应第2段中的“薄云”“晴朗”;第4、5段对应第2段中的“厚密”“阴雨风雪”。第6段开始写“云的光彩与天气的关系”。具体到一段文字中,作者也是按照一定的思路来介绍的。例如第3段,把“薄云”分为“卷云”“卷积云”“积云”和“高积云”,并分别介绍了它们的特点及与天气的关系。
⑵本文是一篇科普文,作者能把深奥的科学知识解说得生动活泼,主要是因为他在文中运用了大量的比喻句。请找出文中的比喻句,体会运用这种修辞方法的好处,再仿照示例造句。
示例:天上的云……像峰峦,像河流,像雄狮,像奔马……
造句:
①夜幕四合,周围的群山,……
②远处的霓虹灯亮了,……
(学生先在课文中画出运用比喻这种修辞方法的句子,体会运用这种修辞方法的好处。再重点学习课文第1段的语言,并仿照示例造句。)
5、拓展延伸
课文第6段引用了一些谚语。谚语是人民群众通过长期的观察和实践总结经验的结晶,它简短通俗,鲜明生动,读起来琅琅上口。请在课文中找出这些谚语,并交流自己在课前搜集到的关于天气的谚语,要求说出搜集的方法。
6、课堂小结
本文介绍了种类繁多的云及云的光彩,但文章的思路清晰,很有条理。先说什么,后说什么,作者做到了心中有数。另外,作为一篇科普文,作者写得非常生动形象,这得益于恰当运用了比喻等修辞方法。除此之外,更重要的是作者对自然现象的细心观察。其实,只要我们做生活的有心人,善于观察,一样可以写出精彩的文章来。
7、布置作业
用课文中学到的知识去实地验证一下,并写一篇观察日记。
1、此设计突出了学生主体地位的教学理念,在指导学生反复阅读中去感悟文章,并通过教师的引导作用,引导学生自主、合作、探究,鲜明地体现了教学相长的思想。
2、此设计淡化文体,突出重点,以练习学生的阅读概括能力为主,把对天气知识的学习渗透在阅读的训练中,并且适当延伸,让课堂上有着浓厚的语文氛围,上出了“语文味”。
3、此设计较好地激发了学生的参与意识和观察自然的兴趣,学生在教师的引导下,从课前的观察、积累到课堂中对问题的研讨,始终处在积极的学习动态中,较好地达成了学习目标。
《看云识天气》教案篇二十二
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《看云识天气》教案篇二十三
1、阅读了解课文中关于云和天气的科学知识;
2、揣摩比喻句的好处,学会运用比喻、排比的修辞来描绘景物;
3、培养学生观察自然的兴趣和留心自然现象的习惯。
1、复习巩固比喻这种修辞,积累课文中的比喻句;
2、运用多媒体,让学生观看云的图片,加强感性认识;
3、强调练习学生的阅读概括能力,教学时不必强调文体;
一、导入新课
同学们了解天气情况靠什么?古代没有气象预报或现在没有设备时,人们是怎么知道天气变化的?(看云识天气)。有人说“云是天气的招牌”,那么如何根据天上的云彩来判断天气情况呢?
二、阅读第一段,教师展示关于云的形态的图片,结合课文彩图,让学生初步认识云的种类
三、自读课文,列出结构提纲,并用课文中的原话说说看云识天气的基本经验是什么
1、学生列好后,教师用投影展示一两位学生的提纲,师生共评,明确本文构思的特点。
2、结构提纲示例如下:
云的形态与天气的关系:
1先概述:天上挂什么云,就将会出现什么样的天气。
2总写薄云和厚云与天气的关系
2~5具体介绍 3薄云与天气的关系
4~5厚云与天气的关系
云的光彩与天气的关系
总结看云识天气的作用和限度
3、看云识天气的基本经验是:“天空的薄云,往往是天气晴朗的象征;那些低而厚的云层,常常是阴雨风雪的预兆。”
问:去掉句中的“往往”和“常常”可否?(让学生体会本文语言的准确性)。
四、小组合作,精读3~6段
用表格列出云及其光彩的种类、特征和它们分别预示的天气情况。
教师指导:将云分为两大类,按云的形态可分为晴天云和雨雪天的云;再按云的光彩分四种。只要顺序合理即可,设计的简洁些、详细些都可以,给学生一定的空间。
1、列好后教师投影学生设计的表格,其他学生补充或纠正。
2、学生分组扮演文中的云,向其他同学介绍自己的形态、特征以及预示的天气情况。
(云的种类繁多,通过设计表格,表演解说,可以帮助学生掌握云的种类,从而更加清楚地理解课文。)
3、对照课文中描述的云的特征,说说课文插图中的云各属于哪一类。
4、教师小结:通过表格的填写可以看出,作者抓住了说明事物的特征──云和天气的关系,同时有一定的合理说明顺序──总分。为了将事物事理说明得更加清楚,作者运用了不少说明方法。例如:分类别、打比方等等。
作者为什么能把深奥的科学知识解说得生动活泼,主要是因为他在文中运用了大量的比喻句。
1、找出文中的比喻句,把它们改成平时说明的句子,比较体会用比喻的妙处。
2、用另外的比喻描绘文中的云的形态。
3、完成课后练习二:仿照课文中的句子造句。
⑴ 夜幕四合,周围的群山,像……
⑵ 远处的霓虹灯亮了,像……
根据课文中所学的知识,课余时间试着看云识天气,并将观察的情况用文字记录下来。
《看云识天气》教案篇二十四
学习目标: 1.了解科普文(说明文)及特点;
2.学会抓住主要信息,概括内容大意;
3.通过学习懂得不同形态的云和天气的关系;
4. 运用了下定义、列数字、打比方、分类别等说明方法。
学习重点: 1.了解科普文(说明文)及特点;
2. 通过学习懂得不同形态的云和天气的关系;
3.学习运用下定义、列数字、打比方、分类别等说明方法。
学习过程:
一、预习·导学
1. 做p164 一、二、三 题 2、阅读课文
3、掌握p166—167 30个生词 4、作者简介:
朱泳燚 (yi)1959至今,已在中央和省级以外国外专业刊物发表教学经验总结、教学研究论.文和语言研究论文200多篇;出版高中语文选修教材《语言表达》、《科学小论文写作》两本,专著、合著多种。语文专著《叶圣陶的语言修改艺术》多次在本省和全国获奖。 5、 说明文(科普文)知识:
(1) 什么是说明文?
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式来解说事物、阐明事理而给人知识的文章体裁。它通过揭示概念来说明事物特征、本质及其规律性。说明文一般介绍事物的形状、构造、类别、关系、功能,解释事物的原理、含义、特点、演变等。说明文实用性很强,它包括广告、说明书、提要、提示、规则、章程、解说词、科学小品等。
(2) 说明文有哪些说明方法?
2、说明方法的作用
(1)举例子:通过具体的例子来说明事物的方法。
作用:有助于把比较抽象、复杂的事物、事理说得具体、明白。 (3) 列数字:用一些数字来进行说明的方法。
作用:便于从数量上说明特征,可以科学地、精确地说明事物。
(3)分类别:根据事物属性的异同,把事物按一定标准分为若干类,然后逐类加以说
明。作用:条理清楚,层次分明,使人容易领会,便于认识等。 (4)作比较:选择有外部或内在联系的事物进行比较的方法。
作用:可以更好地揭示说明对象的特征。 (5) 打比方:把此事物比做彼事物的方法。
作用:可以使陌生的变得熟悉,抽象的变得具体,深奥的变得浅显,也可增强说明的形象性和生动性。
(6) 列图表:用示意图、表格、插图等来帮助说明事物或事理的方法。
作用:加强直观性,使人一目了然,提高说明效果。
(7) 摹状貌:摹写事物的形状、体貌。 作用:使说明对象生动、形象。
(8)下定义:用简洁准确的语言指出事物的性质特点,使它与别的事物区别开来,使读者对事物有明确的概念。
(9) 作诠释:对事物进行解释的一种方法。
(10)引资料(文献资料;名人语录;诗词、谚语、历史故事、神话传说等)。
内容、目的不同,引用的作用也就不同。如:增强说明的准确性和可靠性;增强说明的权威性;增强说明的生动性和趣味性,使文章显得更富文采。
下定义与作诠释的区别:两者的模式大致是“……是……”,判断时看“是” 字前后的话能否调换,能调换,下定义;不能调换,是作诠释。
摹状貌,不是修辞,虽然也强调相似,但更多的是说明趋势,状态具有什么特征,无本体与喻体。摹状貌:就是通过具体的描写揭示事物的特征。
如:《中国石拱桥》中“这些石刻的狮子,有的母子相抱,有的交头接耳,有的像倾听水声,千态万状,惟妙惟肖”。
(3)说明文的顺序:
常见的说明顺序有:时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序。
逻辑顺序的具体分数:主——次、原因——结果、现象——本质、特征——用途、
一般——个别、概括——具体、整体——局部。
(4)说明的语言
说明语言的准确性、平实性、周密性和科学性
(5)说明文的语言特点:
内容上的科学性;结构上的条理性;语言的准确性;
(6)说明文的分类:
二、导入本课:
1、阅读课文听录音。
2、看视频。
3、熟悉讲解说明文的有关知识。
三、学生熟读课文
四、布置作业: 1、熟悉课文填下表:
表一:学习、完成晴天云简表。
表二:学习,完成雨雪冰雹云层变化简表。
表三:读第六段,学习完成云的光彩简表:
2、课文是按照什么顺序介绍这8种云的?
《看云识天气》教案篇二十五
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《看云识天气》教案篇二十六
】1、速读课文,能概述课文。
2、掌握并学习抓住事物特征进行说明的写法。
3、理解说明的思路及说明方法。
4、培养学生观察热爱自然的情趣。
理解说明事物要抓住特征,理解说明的思路及说明方法的应用。
教师准备好授课及多媒体课件,学生做好预习,搜集有关天气的谚语,注意观察天空中的云,同时要积累课文中的佳词妙句,为课堂交流做好充分准备。
这是一篇科普文。作者用生动形象的语言从两个方面介绍了云和天气的关系:不同形态的云和天气的关系;不同光彩的云和天气的关系。
本文思路清晰,紧扣题目进行说明,不但说明看云可以识天气,还进一步说明云和天气变化的关系十分密切,由说云是天气变化的“招牌”,再说怎样看云识天气。云的种类很多,但文章从现象人手,进而触及到事物的本质。如:云的形态和光彩是现象,云和天气变化的关系是本质。说明层次清晰,将“看云识天气”事理说清楚,最后说明看云识天气的目的。
1、可用大屏幕多媒体展示空中的云的各种景象,引出课题。
2、也可通过谚语或诗歌来引出课题。
3、还可以请学生从课前准备中谈谈自己的积累和观察。例如:
⑴你观察了天空中的云吗?有怎样的感受?用简短的话说明。
⑵你在预习中搜集积累了哪些有关云和天气的成语、俗语、谚语?请同学们相互交流一下,好吗?
以上各种导人,只要精心设计,认真准备,都可达到导人课题的目的。
出示目标并板书课题:看云识天气
1、检查预习中的字词。
2、请学生自读课文或齐读课文,教师正音正字。
3、请仔细看问题,再读课文并小组讨论。
问题组:
⑴全文主要说了什么?请简要概括。
⑵文章的基本思路是怎样的?可分为几部分?
学生讨论后可以明确:全文主要介绍云和天气的关系,不同形态的云和天气的关系;不同光彩的云和天气的关系。基本思路是先总说云的作用,再说明云和天气的关系(这其中有两小层:云的形态变化和天气的关系;云的光彩现象和天气的关系)。最后是总说,说明看云识天气的目的。
1、教师导学:科普说明文的学习,可以遵循规律,即:抓特征、理顺序、用方法、语言准。从以上四个方面去研读一篇文章,会更加清晰。
2、自主探究:出示表格图,让学生分小组讨论填表,准确列出云及其光彩的种类、特征和它们分别表示的天气情况。
可让学生自行设计表格,在阅读中思考:
⑴共有几种类型的云?
⑵表格如何设计得简洁明了?巳也可以每个小组设计一种。设计后同学之间相互交流,也可通过实物投影仪在班上讲述自己的设计和理解,教师进行总结,通过设计帮助学生清楚地理解课文。
教师总结指导:将云分为两大类,按云的形态可分为晴天云和雨雪天的云;再按云的光彩分四种。只要顺序合理即可,设计的简洁些、详细些都可以,给学生一定的空间。
学生讨论填表后,教师进一步指导:通过表格的填写可以看出,作者抓住了说明事物的特征──云和天气的关系,同时有一定的合理说明顺序──总分。为了将事物事理说明得更加清楚,作者运用了不少说明方法。例如:分类别、打比方等等(当然也有拟人、排比等修辞手法),总括看来可称为生动说明。特别值得一提的是语言的准确性,请同学们研读讨论。
3、合作探究:
⑴能举例说明文章运用了哪些说明方法吗?它们的作用分别是什么?
⑵能举例说明文章语言的准确性吗?它们的作用如何?
学生可以讨论并畅所欲言,也许所说的不一定完全准确,但只要敢于探索,大胆讲述,教师都应表示赞赏,并进一步引导学生明确:按照不同的光彩,作者把云分为四种──晕、华、虹、霞。把它们之间的差别,进行了比较说明,这种作比较的方法更好地突出了云和天气关系的特征。许多句子运用了打比方的说明方法,不仅使文章生动,更重要的是让云的特征更加鲜明。用词准确,“薄云往往是天气晴朗的象征”,“往往”去掉可以吗?为什么?──体现语言的准确性。
4、反馈交流:
学生再次速读课文,看大屏幕展示的题目,交流思考,看看本节课有哪些收获。
(出示投影)读课文,理解概括交流对以下问题的解答。比一比,哪一组思维更敏捷,问题组:
⑴用简洁的语言概括第1自然段的。
⑵“天空的薄云,往往是天气晴朗的象征,那些低而厚密的云层,常常是阴雨风雪的预兆”一句在全文中起什么作用?
⑶第3自然段中总结四种薄云特点的一句话是什么?
⑷根据课文举例说明云是天气变化的标志(单一例即可)。
⑸举例说明看云识天气对工农业生产的好处。
学生讨论后,教师引导小结:
⑴第1自然段指出了云和天气的密切关系,说明看云可以识天气;
⑵这句话的作用是承上启下的过渡作用;
⑶卷云、卷积云、积云、高积云都是很美丽的云;
⑷雨层云形成,连绵不断的雨雪也就开始下降;
⑸论述有理即可。
总结:通过对文章的学习,不仅了解了看云可以识天气的,还学习了怎样将事理说清楚,并把握住了一般说明文的说明方法,那就是:抓特征,理顺序,用方法,语言准。
用本课学过的说明方法,写一篇小小说明文,向同学们介绍一种自然现象。题目自拟。
此教案突出了课程标准中提出的培养学生自学能力、突出学生主体地位的教学理念,在指导学生反复阅读中去感悟文章,并通过教师的引导作用,引导学生自主合作探究,鲜明地体现了教学相长的思想。本教案设计颇有新意,很好地激发了学生的参与意识和热爱自然的情趣。本教案重点突出,难易适度,通过教师适时的引导,整个教学流程贴切自然。学生在老师的引导下,从课前的积累到课堂中对问题组的研讨以及反馈回顾,始终处在积极的学习动态中,使学生在动中学,在学中动,较好地达成了学习目标。可以说,本教案对提高学生的科学探索兴趣和应用说明文,是很好的课例。但是本课设计一课时比较多,如果设计两课时也是可行的。
《看云识天气》教案篇二十七
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