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PET注塑工艺篇一
molding technique procedure and parameter introduction 第一節 成型工艺
section 1 molding technique.1.成型工艺参数类型
sorts of molding parameter.(1).注塑参数
injection parameter.a.注射量 injection rate.b.计量行程
screw back position c.余料量 cushion d.防诞量
sucking back rate e.螺杆转速 screw speed f.塑化量 lastic rate g.预塑背压
screw back pressure h.注射压力和保压压力
injection pressure and holding pressure i.注射速度 injection speed(2)合模参数
clamping parameter a.合模力 clamping force b.合模速度 clamping speed ng stroke d.开模力 opening force e.开模速度 opening speed f.开模行程 opening position g.顶出压力
ejector advance pressure h.顶出速度
ejector advance speed i.顶出行程
ejector advance position 2.温控参数
temperature parameter a.烘料温度
dry resin material temperature b.料向与喷嘴温度
cylinder temperature and nozzle temperature c.模具温度 mold temperature d.油温
oil temperature 3.成型周期 molding cycle a.循环周期 cycle time b.冷却时间 cool time c.注射时间 injection time d.保压时间
holding pressure time e.塑化时间
lant time
f.顶出及停留时间
knocking out and delay time g.低压保护时间 mold protect time g technique parameter setting differs depending on type of product 第二节成型条件设定
section 2 molding parameter setting 按成型步骤:可分为开锁模,加热,射出,g steps: mold opening/closing, heating injection and knocking out.开锁模条件: mold opening parameter: 快速段中速度
低压高压速度 high-speedmid-speed low pressure high pressure speed 锁模条件设定: mold closing parameter setting 1锁模一般分:快速→中速→低压→高压
mold closing: high-speed →low-speed →low pressure→high pressure
2.快锁模一般按模具情况分,如果是平面二板模具,快速锁模段可用较快速度,甚至于用到特快,当用到一般快速时,速度设到55-75%,完全平面模可设定到80-90%,如果用到特快就只能设定在45-55%,压力则可设定于50-75%,位置段视产品的深浅(或长短)不同,一般是开模宽度的1/ high-speed section, mold closing speed depends on type of two –plate mold it can set quick and even especially quick usually, it set speed within 55-75%.for full-plate mold it set speed within80-90% while using especially high speed it set speed within 45-55% and pressure within 50-75% position distance setting differs depending on the volume of product and usually it can be set 1/3 of mold opening position.3.中速段,在快速段结束后即转换成中速,中速的位置一般是到模板(包括三板模,二板模)合在一块为止,具体长度应视模板板间隔,速度一般设置在30%-50%间,压力则是20%-45% mid-speed section: mold closing speed changes into mid-speed after high-speed section -speed start position is where two plates meet(include three-plate mold and two-plate mold)distance of mid-speed is up to distance of two plates plate it speed within 30-50% and pressure 20-45%.4.低压设定,低速设定一般是在模板接触的一瞬间,具体位置就设在机台显示屏显示的一瞬间的数字为准,这个数字一般是以这点为标准，即于此点则起不了高压,高于此点则大,轻易起高压.设定 的速度一般是15%-25%,视乎不同机种而定,压力一般设定于1-2%,有些机则可设于5-15%,-pressure section: mold closing sets low-pressure when plates position is set to the data of machine screen on this point is the gage of the lower the point there is no higher the point there is high-pressure set speed within 15-25% and pressure within 1-2% depending on type within 1-2% depending on type of injection molding machine.5.高压设定,按一般机台而言,高压位置机台在出厂时都已作了设定,相对来讲,是不可以随便更改的,比如震雄机在50p.速度相对低压略高,大约在30-35%左右,而压力则视乎模具而定,可在55-85%中取,比如完全平面之新模,模具排气良好,甚至于设在55%即可,如果是滑块较多,原来生产时毛边也较多,甚至于可设在90%-pressure section: to normal injection molding machine, high-pressure position had been set before they were sent to can not be example high-pressure position of chenhsong machine is speed of high-pressure section is about 30-35% and higher than that of pressure is up to mold, it can set within 55-85% for full-plate mold, it’s eject air well, it can set pressure 55%.if mold has a lot of slides and flash rate high in production, pressure can set 90%.加热工艺条件设定
heating technique parameter setting 1.加热段温度设定必须按照产品所使用的原料的不同而不同,但却必须遵循一个这样的规则, proper temperature setting differs depending on type of resin material, but it must be abide by a rule that temperature setting should diminish in step 10.c from nozzle to feeding resin material position.2特殊情况下.如料头抽丝,则射口筒温度应降低, temperature setting should low if product resin material such as ps, pa, cool very soon , nozzle temperature should higher more 10.c than the second cylinder temperature.3.机台马达启动温度视乎机台不同而不同,一般出于对机台油路中的油封保护需要,油温最好能控制在40度-60度,以免油封长期高压而变化,缩短使用寿命, turning on temperature is different depending on type of injection molding protect oil seal of machine it set oil temperature within 40.c-60.c, if oil seal work on condition that high pressure and damaged it’s work time will be shorter, it
can cause molding stable.第三节注射及熔胶(加料)工艺条件设定
injection and plastic technique parameter setting 一.注射 injection 第四节常见塑料原料的有关温度值.原料 resin名称 name熔点℃
melt’s成型温度℃
molding temperature(’c)分解温度℃
decomposing temperature(‘c)模具温度℃
mold temperature(‘c)干燥温度℃
resin dry temperature(‘c)
注射是把塑料原料经加热后射进模腔的过程,它一般可分为第一级,第二级,第三级,第四级及保压几段: injection is a step which inject melt resin material into consists of stepl,step2 ,step3,step4 and holding pressure step: 1.第一级注射一般是注射料头段.具注射量一般可根据料头的轻重来估计其行程,当然也可以依据公式来计算,如公式: step l injects usually tunnel material, injection volume can be estimated according to the weight of course it can be calculated by formula: l=si=vi/0.785ds2 l:注射行程;si:注射行程;l: injection stroke si: injection stroke vi:理论注射容积;ds:螺杆直径;vi: injection volume of theoretical ds: diameter of screw 0.785:是ω/4的值.0.785: value ofω/4.当然,如果我们在成型时每设定一个参数都要计算一次, it cost a lot of time to produce one product if every time molding parameter is setting by calculation.2.第二级是注塑产品约2/3的阶段,当然,根据产品特殊需要,也允许成型不到2/3阶段,比如避免结合线问题,这一阶段的成型速度及压力一般是整个成型段的最大值段,如果排的产品与机台基本
是相吻合的.模具结构合理,排气良好,这一段的压力一般也不会超过80%.速度侧视产品需变,可能大到95%也可,自然一般都是在55%-80% 2 inject 2/3 of can lower 2/3 of product according to requirement of example to prevent weld g speed and pressure on this step is the maximum of whole molding mold suit the injection molding machine and mold structure reasonable and eject air well, pressure of this step should lower 80%.molding speed setting within 55-80% but it may setting 95% for especial product.3.第三段是注射余下的1/3段,其速度和压力根据产品的需要,一般是小于第二段,速度和压力存在于一个往下降的过程.主要是为了防止产品毛边的产生,3 inject remain 1/3 of ing to product molding speed and pressure lower than that of step2 to prevent flash speed and pressure should decrease but it can’t shot short.4.第四段:一般有机台还有第五,第六段,这段的成型速度和压力相同前,4 section: some injection machines have step5,step6 which are same as former molding speed and pressure this step should diminish and inject once more.5.保压段:不论成型什么产品,都存在一个保压过程.任何产品都不同程度的存在一个厚薄不一的问题,正常情况下,较厚的部分都可能存在一个收缩凹陷的现象,为了解决这种现象,就应应用到保压,保压一般来讲都应用较慢的射速,而压力的设置则应看缩水的情况如何,小到25%,大到80%g pressure step: no matter what product there is a holding pressure product can’t molding a same y the deeper section may sink prevent this defect it should set holding pressure, the injection speed of holding pressure step is slow but holding pressure setting within 25-80% depending on sink mark.二.熔胶段工艺 lastic technique 1.再复杂的熔胶旋转过程最多不会超过三段,因为熔胶本身就是存在于把胶熔进料筒的过程,如果原料粘度大,熔胶压力则大,但速度则应取决于原料的分解温度,熔胶速度越快,原料中的剪切力则会越大,料管温度则越高,局部原料产生分解的可能性则会越大,故一般熔胶会采用中速为宜,如45%-75%,熔胶同时会碰到一个比较重要的环节,那就是背压的使用,产品精度要求越大,背压的使用则更大,背压可使原料分子间结构更紧密,成型出的产品则尺寸更稳定,外观越好.当然,背压太大,则会产生流涎, should lower 3 steps, because plastic is a step to add melt resin material to cyclinder , higher stick of resin material ,higher screw back speed differs depending on decomposing temperature of resin material ,higher screw speed ,higher
trim force of resin, higher cyclinder resin material may decomposes so it set screw speed in mid-speed such as 45-75%, in plastic step setting screw back pressure is very important, higher screw back pressure ,higher quality of product screw back pressure make resin structure order, molding product is beautiful and volume ,it maybe flow if screw back pressure too all factors should be considered when using screw back pressure.2.熔胶过程还有一个比较重要的环节,那就是松退,松退分前松退和后松退,其作用一般是为了防止流涎和抽丝,设定值速度和压力都在20%-50%间,设定的行程一般在2-5cm间,太长的行程可能会使料筒里面贮存空气, plastic step sucking back is very important g back include front sucking back and back sucking back it setting sucking back to prevent flow and sets sucking back speed and pressure within 20-50% and distance within long distance make cyclinder reserve air and cause bubble at next molding.顶出的工艺设定
knocking out technique setting 产品经冷却定型后则有一个开模的过程,开模基本上是合模的反过程.开模的未段则有一个慢速设置,开模完成后, is a mold opening step after product cooling taking opening is a reverse step of mold last step of mold opening speed set t should be knocked out after mold opened.一.顶前: knocking out 顶前最好分两个阶级,第一阶可分为中压慢速,即是把产品轻轻顶出一部分,然后是中压中速顶,中压中速一般指的是35%-55%,而低速则有可能低到5%,这需视产品不同而言,ng out includes two steps, step1 section setting mid-speed, knocks product out partly step2 section setting mid-pressure and ing on different product, mid-pressure and mid-speed sets within 35-55% but low-speed can set 5%.distance of knocking out longer 1-2cm than the vertical thickness of product.二.退针 back 顶退包括两个过程与顶落的过程基本一致,顶退的终点应预留1-3cm的空间, same as knocking out, ejector back includes 2 protect the ejector oil jar, it should make a 1-3mm distance in the ending point of ejector back.三.顶针方式还包括一个多次顶,单次顶及顶针停留的选择,机械手取产品,脱模顺利的情况都采
取多项,为了顶针油缸 寿命的延长,多次顶就以不超过三次为宜,顶针停留一般用在顶针带着产品退回有可能对增品产生损伤的模具,同时为配合机械手使用, way of knocking out includes knocking out once, knocking out repeat and ejector product by manipulator or take product easy, it should select knocking out longer the work time of ejector oiljar, times of knocking out lower 3 r delay used when product will be damaged if ejector back or suit manipulator.成型时间的设定 molding time setting 在保证产品质量的前提下,周期时间是越短越好,周期时间又包括如下几项:射胶时间,保压时间,熔胶时间,冷却时间,顶出时间,锁模低压时间,甚至乎关系到时间因素的还有还开模与锁模, time should shorter on condition that product quality time includes: injection time , holding pressure time, plastic time, cure time, knocking out time and mold protect mold opening closing sopeed and knocking out speed affect cycle.1.射胶时间包含保压时间,一般看起来,射胶时间越长,产品越饱和,但我们在讲求质量时,同时也须考虑产能,更何况,射胶时间过长,有可能会造成产品过于饱满而寻致粘模顶的变形呎寸偏大等一系列问题,故我们在设置射胶时间时应综合考虑,ion time consists holding pressure injection time, fuller product, we should consider production quantity when we suit for injection time too long, it may cause a series of defects suck as flash all sorts of factors should be considered, injection time should be shout if quality suit for requirement.2.熔胶时间的长短取决于熔胶速度设定的快慢,背压设定的大小,但有一点, time depends on plastic speed and screw back pressure, but plastic time must shorter than cure time.3.冷却时间:冷却时间的长短直接影响到成型的周期,冷却时间越长,成型时间就越长,造成产能就越低,故我们在设定高压冷却时间时,只要能保证到产品成型顺利,不会直接影响到变形等问题, time: cure time affects molding cure time, longer molding cycle, lower production it sets cure time short on condition that product molding succed and can’t deformation..4.在大量使用机械手的塑胶公司,我们的顶出时间一般是与机械手配合为宜,全自动使用机械手时顶出停留时间一般保持1.5-2秒,半自动生产,如因顶针退回会导致产品掉落或卡紧,而取不下产品, pce company, for using manipulator in abundence , knocking out time suits
manipulator, knocking out delay keeps 1.5-2 second when using manipulator full-manipulator, knocking out delay keeps about 5 second when using manipulator semi-manipulator and product will fall or can’t be taken off if ejector back.5.低压保护时间对保护我们人身安全,模具安全起很大作用,配合好模具低压位置和低压压力的调整,低压保护的时间应取1-3秒,保护时间越短,-pressure protect is very important for safety and protect mold, mold protect time should adjust within 1-3 second suit low pressure and position of mold protect, shorter protect time, make e appearance 外观 glossiness/gloss finish 光洁度 matt finish/matt surface 毛面
glass fiber rich surface/glass emergence on the surface 玻纤外露 blooming/surface blooming 表面析出 white patches on surface 表面白斑 silver marks/silver streak 银纹 splay mark 水纹 flow mark 流纹 weld line 溶结纹 brittle/brittleness 脆 bubbles/trapped gas 气泡 void 孔
burn marks 烧伤
fr failed 阻燃不合格 flame rating v-2 阻燃v-2 poor dispersion 分散不好
fr/ptfe …agglomerates etc 阻燃剂/ptfe…结块 pellet porous 粒子不密/蜜蜂窝 low impact/tensile etc 物理性能低
high flow/filler content etc 流动性/填充…过高 longs/fines/doubles 长粒/碎屑/连粒 poor cut 粒形不好
bristle/voids 表面有小气泡/孔 glass bundles 玻纤结团
product was rejected due to 产品不能接受因为… high moisture level 高水分 warpage/warped 翘曲 shrinkage/shrink 收缩 sink marks 缩影
short shot/short molding 打不满 distortion 变形
over dimension 尺寸过大 under dimension 尺寸过小
flashing 飞边 discoloration 变色 off color 颜色差异 flow rate 流动率 viscous 粘
high flow 高流动 low flow 低流动 sticky 粘
mold release 脱模 antioxidant 抗氧剂
flame retardant agent 阻燃剂 heat stabilizer 热稳定剂
chopped glass fiber 短切玻纤
roving glass fiber 粗纱/长玻纤 glass beads 玻璃微珠 milled fiber 碾磨纤
molybdenum disulfide/moly/mos2 二硫化钼 colorant 着色剂 pigment 颜料
dye 染料
accepted product specification 接受产品规格 approved our product 认可我们的产品 re-set spec 重新定标准
add in extra … 添加多一点…
reduced … content 减少…含量
dropped/reduced … by x％ 减少…含量…％ confirmed color standard 确认颜色标准 approved color standard 认可颜色标准 re-confirmed color standard 重新确认颜色标准 qualified our product 认可我们的产品
undergoing heat aging test 在做热老化实验 product is under testing 产品在测试当中 received first order 接了第一个定单
expected to finish by … 预计在…完成 expected order is xmt 预计定单量…吨
estimated annual/monthly consumption 预计年/月用量
PET注塑工艺篇二
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petg/pctg塑料的简介
本公司专业总代理韩国petg/pctg聚酯塑料, 聚酯塑料制品高度透明，抗冲击性能优异，特别适宜成型厚壁透明制品,对比pc(聚碳酸酯)塑料,petg/pctg聚酯塑料有如下突出特点:
1)petg/pctg
经过燃烧或降解之后只剩下co2和水，对人体及环境不会产生任何影响！尤其现在国际主流大力提倡环境保护的前提下，这种环保型材料更是受到各地政府与消费者的亲睐！petg/pctg以其环保性(fda/rohs/sgs认证)材料将被大力提倡使用,在欧美日等许多发达国家更始非常重视这一点.2)它具有优异的光学性能
petg/pctg是一种高透明的、高光泽表面、低浑浊度的非结晶聚酯塑料，透光率≥91％,与亚克力(pmma)相同,比聚碳酸酯(pc)的透光率要好，就算是做成厚壁的化妆品膏霜瓶或透明鞋跟也能象玻璃一样清透.3)它具有极高的韧性和优异的抗拉伸性能
petg/pctg堪称“"捶不烂” ,它具有超强韧性,而且petg/pctg拉伸比率更可达到180%多,我们曾经做过这样两个试验:落球冲击3毫米厚的petg/pctg板材可反弹5.4公斤重的球体;1公斤重球体10米跌落到3毫米厚的petg/pctg板材无开裂。
4）petg/pctg具有很好的耐抗冲击性能
其抗冲击强度是亚克力的3~10倍,远高于abs.据客户测试反映,当petg/pctg做成薄片时,抗冲击性比pc稍逊,但当他被加工成厚壁的制品时,其抗冲性能与pc别无两样，但是petg/pctg突出的优势在于,/pctg在零下40℃时可正常使用,因为其具有出色延展性和超强韧性, 不太容易因为在低温环境中受内应力影响而使产品发生形变或者破裂现象等.6)petg/pctg具有
（如咖啡、巧克力、油脂、酸等）,它对以下化学物质具有优异的耐化学性：汽车用油、肥皂液、去垢剂、清洁剂、地毯洗洁剂、牙膏和薄荷油、香水、烹调油、2-丙醇、烃类溶剂等。
7)petg/pctg具有乐趣无穷的出色的延展性决定了petg/pctg的多种二次加工方式成为可能。您可以对petg/pctg产品进行激光切割、铣边、模切、钻孔、焊接、冲孔、热弯、冷弯（限2.5毫米以下）、螺丝/铆钉/螺栓连接或固定.8)它具有优异的印刷性能和涂覆性能
也就是说petg/pctg塑料制品表面无须经过任何特别表面处理就可以进行各种印刷(丝印、移印、热压印等)和喷涂。
9)petg/pctg具有可以有多样的随意粘合方法:如一般溶剂、一般粘合剂、摩擦粘合、高周波粘合、超音波粘合、机械方式粘合（螺丝、铆钉等）..10)petg/pctg具有出色的注塑加工性能
petg/pctg一旦正常生产, 注塑工艺非常稳定,而且还不需要特别设计的注塑机台,其注塑温度仅为220℃~235℃左右。
小结：以上可以得知，目前这种材料的特性，使其更广泛的用在于食品、医疗、化妆品等高端产品上面，且其优异的环保性能以及各种认证（fda/rohs/sgs认证）将是您更好的选择。
预祝
商祺!
PET注塑工艺篇三
注塑吹塑成型介绍
注塑吹塑成型是生产塑料瓶的两步法工艺。第一步将塑料用注塑成型法制成有底空心型坯。当塑料注人预成型模内芯杆周围的时候瓶颈和型坯便形成。在这一步，型坯进行温度状态调节。然后型坯经芯杆转移到吹塑模内，空气经芯杆导入，将型坯吹塑成模型的形状。瓶子成型完毕以后，转移到排出段。
注塑吹塑成型的优点很多：
无下脚料，尺寸精确，瓶子制成后无需二次加工。
成品瓶子的重量精确度可控制在土0．l克。
瓶颈的形状和瓶子内外成型精度可达 ± 0．004英寸。
瓶子重量与尺寸的可重复性适于匹配，并易于与灌装线连接。
由于有一定的双轴取向作用，可使多种不同材料的透明度与强度获得改善。在排出段瓶子受控于一定的方向，从而可进行自动化在线装饰和灌装。操作人员的工作量很小。
设备
用现有的注塑吹塑成型机进行有盈利的塑料瓶生产时，瓶的大小和形状受到一定限制。市场上可以买到的注塑吹塑成型机有数种，它们从一段向另一段转移芯杆的方法不同，包括穿棱式的，两位（段）旋转式的，轴向移动式的和三段及三段以上旋转式的。当今三段或四段旋转机颇受欢迎。这类设备可分为两大类：即吹塑总成组件，这种组件可以安装在某些工业注塑成型机上；和成套注塑吹塑成型设备，配有塑炼机、液压装置、控制装置和其他配套部件。这些设备还可进一步区分为：带垂直作往复式螺杆塑炼机的，和带水平往复式螺杆塑炼机的。
垂直式的比往复式的简单得多，在相等的充模速度和较低注射压力下（如有必要）注射量相同时，它的部件少、能耗小、占地少、维修简便。
往复式螺杆塑炼机主要是为注射成型研制的；虽然它的结构比垂直式的复杂，但操作的可靠性较好。
当前的成型机械，包括大型的标准生产装置，可在较高的生产速度下生产出较大的瓶子来；注射装置的完善使聚氯乙烯和含丙烯睛的树脂更易于加工；增加工段（位）的开发工作正在继续进行。
通常，医药工业和化妆品工业是16央司和更小的注塑吹塑成型塑料瓶的市场。专门为这种工艺开发的新原料已经使注塑吹塑成型工厂进入其他市场。聚丙
烯共聚物加工容易，透明度好，而且成型快，故实际上已经取代了装咳嗽感冒药和漱口剂的玻璃瓶。
其他新型树脂有注塑吹塑级聚氯乙烯均聚物和聚碳酸酯。这些结晶透明的材料已经比较容易地在垂直螺杆机上进行了加工，也在装有连续柱塞螺杆的水平螺杆机上进行了加工。
新型的流线型歧管加上改进的含丙烯腈树脂和聚氯乙烯树脂已经使多腔室操作成为现实，尽管这些树脂是热敏性的。一个8一腔室模具已成功地用于聚氯乙烯加工，数个12一腔室的模具目前已应用于含丙烯睛树脂瓶的生产。
现有数个公司正要用8一腔室模具生产聚氯乙烯瓶子，它01的材料是经过改性的，以降低其热敏性。现已明显，采用较大的机器，较高的合模压力和较大的压板面积将能经济地生产出4升以下的塑料瓶。精确的瓶颈和无下脚料这样的优点将能逐步补偿工模具的较高成本。
由于机器的发展（增加段数）和模具设计的革新，未来的开发工作将致力于树脂定向性的改善。模具设计技术的进步已能制造偏颈塑料瓶、方颈塑料瓶，可使瓶底上带精密的槽，和减少整个瓶壁的厚度，缩短制作时间。
模具设计的发展将使注塑吹塑成型逐步进入家用化学品、玩具，特别是食品容器市场。
PET注塑工艺篇四
泵用材料介绍
一、铸铁
1、灰口铸铁
最常用的一种铸铁，国标代号为ht。一般清水泵的泵体、叶轮、泵盖、悬架等均采用该材料，通常用到三种牌号：ht150、ht200、ht250。对于底座、垫板等非主要零件多采用ht150，泵体、泵盖、悬架等多采用ht200，而叶轮、口环、轴套等多采用ht250。
各国对灰铁的表示方法有所不同，如日本的代号为fc，德国的代号为gg，美国为class。
2、球墨铸铁
是一种综合性能较好的铸铁，国标代号为qt。由于其力学性能接近钢，同时其铸造性能、加工性能优于钢，因此通常把它作为铸钢的替代品。最常用到的牌号有：qt450-
10、qt500-
7、qt600-3。由于受铸造等原因的限制，公司目前暂不做该材料。
din标准对球墨铸铁的表示方法为ggg，美国的表示方法为ductile iron。
另外还有耐腐铸铁——高硅铸铁，耐磨铸铁——白口铸铁，高韧性铸铁——可锻铸铁等，公司现有产品尚未用到。
二、铸钢
由于铸钢的强度转高，通常当压力＞1.6mpa时，承压零件多采用铸钢，其国标代号为zg，最常用的牌号为zg230-450。
日本和美国通常用cs表示铸钢。
三、不锈钢
应用最多的不锈钢为奥氏体不锈钢，如0cr18ni9、1cr18ni9ti、0cr18ni12mo2ti等。除盐酸、稀硫酸等少数介质外，奥氏体不锈钢是优良的耐腐蚀材料，是化工泵最常采用的耐腐材料。日本和美国通常用ss304、ss316、ss316l来表示奥氏体不锈钢。
马氏体不锈钢如2cr13、3cr13，其力学性能优于奥氏体不锈钢，通常被用作泵轴和轴套的材料，日本和美国的对应代号为ss420。
另外，高合金不锈钢（20号合金）和双项不锈钢也是较理想的耐腐蚀材料。
四、碳素结构钢
通常分为普通碳素结构钢和优质碳素结构钢。
最具代表性的普通碳素结构钢为q235，各类钢板、型钢多采用该材料；最具代表性的优质碳素钢为45号钢，其广泛用于无腐蚀要求时的泵轴材料。
五、合金钢
最具代表性的合金钢为40cr，通常用于高强度泵轴的材料。
六、非金属材料
泵用非金属材料主要用于密封，如聚四氟乙烯、氟橡胶、丁腈橡胶等。其中聚四氟乙烯因具有优良的耐腐蚀、耐高温性能而用于化工泵的密封垫以及机械密封的静密封，适用于250℃内几乎所有的化工介质，其缺点是硬度较高、装配难度大。
氟橡胶也是一种较好的耐温、耐腐蚀材料，耐温上限以160℃为宜，当用户无特殊要求时，公司化工泵均采用该材料的密封圈；而丁腈橡胶主要用于耐油或清水介质时的静密封。
PET注塑工艺篇五
成型工艺流程及条件介绍
molding technique procedure and parameter introduction
第一節 成型工艺
section 1 molding technique.1.成型工艺参数类型
sorts of molding parameter.(1).注塑参数
injection parameter.a.注射量
injection rate.b.计量行程
screw back position
c.余料量
cushion
d.防诞量
sucking back rate
e.螺杆转速
screw speed
f.塑化量
plastic0 rate
g.预塑背压
screw back pressure
h.注射压力和保压压力
injection pressure and holding pressure
i.注射速度
injection speed
(2)合模参数
clamping parameter
a.合模力
clamping force
b.合模速度
clamping speed
ng stroke
d.开模力
opening force
e.开模速度
opening speed
f.开模行程
opening position
g.顶出压力
ejector advance pressure
h.顶出速度
ejector advance speed
i.顶出行程
ejector advance position
2.温控参数
temperature parameter
a.烘料温度
dry resin material temperature
b.料向与喷嘴温度
cylinder temperature and nozzle temperature
c.模具温度
mold temperature
d.油温
oil temperature
3.成型周期
molding cycle
a.循环周期
cycle time
b.冷却时间
cool time
c.注射时间
injection time
d.保压时间
holding pressure time
e.塑化时间
plant time
f.顶出及停留时间
knocking out and delay time
g.低压保护时间
mold protect time
g technique parameter setting differs depending on type of product 第二节成型条件设定
section 2 molding parameter setting
按成型步骤:可分为开锁模,加热,射出,g steps: mold opening/closing, heating injection and knocking out.开锁模条件:
mold opening parameter:
快速段中速度
低压高压速度
high-speedmid-speed
low pressure high pressure speed
锁模条件设定:
mold closing parameter setting
1锁模一般分:快速→中速→低压→高压
mold closing: high-speed →low-speed →low pressure→high pressure
2.快锁模一般按模具情况分,如果是平面二板模具,快速锁模段可用较快速度,甚至于用到特快,当用到一般快速时,速度设到55-75%,完全平面模可设定到80-90%,如果用到特快就只能设定在45-55%,压力则可设定于50-75%,位置段视产品的深浅(或长短)不同,一般是开模宽度的1/3.同而不同,但却必须遵循一个这样的规则,即由射口筒到
in high-speed section, mold closing speed depends on of two –plate mold it can set quick and even
especially quick usually, it set speed within 55-75%.for
the proper temperature setting differs depending on full-plate mold it set speed within80-90% while using type of resin material, but it must be abide by a rule that especially high speed it set speed within 45-55% and temperature setting should diminish in step 10.c from pressure within 50-75% position distance setting differs nozzle to feeding resin material ing on the volume of product and usually it can be set 1/3 of mold opening position.2特殊情况下.如料头抽丝,则射口筒温度应降低,如
果是比较特殊的原料冷凝比较快的.则射口筒温度则不
3.中速段,在快速段结束后即转换成中速,中速的位
止比第二节法兰温度高10度.比如pps.尼龙等.置一般是到模板(包括三板模,二板模)合在一块为止,具
体长度应视模板板间隔,速度一般设置在30%-50%间,压
nozzle temperature setting should low if product line.力则是20%-45% resin material such as
in mid-speed section: mold closing speed changes into
pps, pa, cool very soon , nozzle temperature should mid-speed after high-speed section -speed start higher more 10.c than the second cylinder on is where two plates meet(include three-plate mold and two-plate mold)distance of mid-speed is up to
3.机台马达启动温度视乎机台不同而不同,一般出于distance of two plates plate it speed within 30-50% and 对机台油路中的油封保护需要,油温最好能控制在40度-pressure 20-45%.60度,以免油封长期高压而变化,缩短使用寿命,造成成型
不稳定.4.低压设定,低速设定一般是在模板接触的一瞬间,具体位置就设在机台显示屏显示的一瞬间的数字为准,pump turning on temperature is different depending on 这个数字一般是以这点为标准，即于此点则起不了高压,type of injection molding protect oil seal of 高于此点则大,轻易起高压.设定的速度一般是15%-25%,machine it set oil temperature within 40.c-60.c, if oil seal 视乎不同机种而定,压力一般设定于1-2%,有些机则可设work on condition that high pressure and damaged it’s
work time will be shorter, it can cause molding stable.于5-15%,-pressure section: mold closing sets low-pressure 第三节注射及熔胶(加料)工艺条件设定 when plates position is set to the data of
machine screen on this point is the gage of the
injection and plastic technique parameter setting lower the point there is no
higher the point there is high-pressure set speed
一.注射 within 15-25% and pressure within 1-2% depending on
type within 1-2% depending on type of injection molding
injection machine.第四节常见塑料原料的有关温度值.5.高压设定,按一般机台而言,高压位置机台在出厂
时都已作了设定,相对来讲,是不可以随便更改的,比如震
原料 雄机在50p.速度相对低压略高,大约在30-35%左右,而压
力则视乎模具而定,可在55-85%中取,比如完全平面之新
resin名称 模,模具排气良好,甚至于设在55%即可,如果是滑块较多，原来生产时毛边也较多,甚至于可设在90%熔点℃
high-pressure section: to normal injection molding
melt’s成型温度℃machine, high-pressure position had been set before they
were sent to can not be example
molding temperature(’c)分解温度℃ high-pressure position of chenhsong machine is
speed of high-pressure section is about 30-35%
decomposing temperature(‘c)模具温度℃ and higher than that of pressure is up to mold, it can set within 55-85% for full-plate mold, it’s
mold temperature(‘c)干燥温度℃ eject air well, it can set pressure 55%.if mold has a lot of slides and flash rate high in production, pressure can set
resin dry temperature(‘c)90%.注射是把塑料原料经加热后射进模腔的过程,它一
加热工艺条件设定
般可分为第一级,第二级,第三级,第四级及保压几段:
heating technique parameter setting
injection is a step which inject melt resin material into
consists of stepl,step2 ,step3,step4 and holding
1.加热段温度设定必须按照产品所使用的原料的不pressure step: 是起到一个再次充满的作用.1.第一级注射一般是注射料头段.具注射量一般可根
step4 section: some injection machines have 据料头的轻重来估计其行程,当然也可以依据公式来计step5,step6 which are same as former molding speed and
pressure this step should diminish and inject once more.算,如公式:
5.保压段:不论成型什么产品, l injects usually tunnel material, injection volume can be estimated according to the weight of course 任何产品都不同程度的存在一个厚薄不一的问题,正常it can be calculated by formula: 情况下,较厚的部分都可能存在一个收缩凹陷的现象,为 了解决这种现象,就应应用到保压,保压一般来讲都应用
l=si=vi/0.785ds2 较慢的射速,而压力的设置则应看缩水的情况如何,小到
25%,大到80%都有可能.l:注射行程;si:注射行程;
holding pressure step: no matter what product there is
l: injection stroke si: injection stroke a holding pressure product can’t molding a same y the deeper section may sink
vi:理论注射容积;ds:螺杆直径;prevent this defect it should set holding pressure, the injection speed of holding pressure step is slow but holding
vi: injection volume of theoretical ds: diameter of pressure setting within 25-80% depending on sink
二.熔胶段工艺
0.785:是ω/c technique
0.785: value ofω/4.1.再复杂的熔胶旋转过程最多不会超过三段,因为熔
当然,如果我们在成型时每设定一个参数都要计算胶本身就是存在于把胶熔进料筒的过程,如果原料粘度一次,要成型出一个产品就要几个小时才能完成了.大,熔胶压力则大,但速度则应取决于原料的分解温度,熔
胶速度越快,原料中的剪切力则会越大,料管温度则越高,but it cost a lot of time to produce one product if every
局部原料产生分解的可能性则会越大,故一般熔胶会采time molding parameter is setting by calculation.用中速为宜,如45%-75%,熔胶同时会碰到一个比较重要
2.第二级是注塑产品约2/3的阶段,当然,根据产品特的环节,那就是背压的使用,产品精度要求越大,背压的使殊需要,也允许成型不到2/3阶段,比如避免结合线问题,用则更大,背压可使原料分子间结构更紧密,成型出的产这一阶段的成型速度及压力一般是整个成型段的最大值品则尺寸更稳定,外观越好.当然,背压太大,则会产生流涎,段,如果排的产品与机台基本是相吻合的.模具结构合理,所以背压的使用又应考虙到其它原因.排气良好,这一段的压力一般也不会超过80%.速度侧视
plastic should lower 3 steps, because plastic is a step 产品需变,可能大到95%也可,自然一般都是在55%-80%
to add melt resin material to cyclinder , higher stick of material ,higher screw back speed differs depending on decomposing temperature of resin
step 2 inject 2/3 of can lower 2/3 of material ,higher screw speed ,higher trim force of resin, product according to requirement of example higher cyclinder resin material may to prevent weld g speed and pressure on this decomposes so it set screw speed in mid-speed such as 45-step is the maximum of whole molding mold suit 75%, in plastic step setting screw back pressure is very the injection molding machine and mold structure important, higher screw back pressure ,higher quality of reasonable and eject air well, pressure of this step should product screw back pressure make resin structure order, lower 80%.molding speed setting within 55-80% but it molding product is beautiful and volume ,it may setting 95% for especial flow if screw back pressure too all factors should be considered when using screw back pressure.3.第三段是注射余下的1/3段,其速度和压力根据产
品的需要,一般是小于第二段,速度和压力存在于一个往
2.熔胶过程还有一个比较重要的环节,那就是松退,下降的过程.主要是为了防止产品毛边的产生,但同时又松退分前松退和后松退,其作用一般是为了防止流涎和必须把产品充填饱满.抽丝,设定值速度和压力都在20%-50%间,设定的行程一 般在2-5cm间,太长的行程可能会使料筒里面贮存空气,step3 inject remain 1/3 of ing to
t molding speed and pressure lower than that of
step2 to prevent flash speed and pressure should decrease
in plastic step sucking back is very important it can’t shot g back include front sucking back and back sucking
back it setting sucking back to prevent flow and sets
4.第四段:一般有机台还有第五,第六段,这段的成型sucking back speed and pressure within 20-50% and 速度和压力相同前,都存在两段一个递减过程.其作用都distance within long distance make cyclinder reserve air and cause bubble at next molding.在保证产品质量的前提下,周期时间是越短越好,周顶出的工艺设定 期时间又包括如下几项:射胶时间,保压时间,熔胶时间,冷 却时间,顶出时间,锁模低压时间,甚至乎关系到时间因素
knocking out technique setting 的还有还开模与锁模,及顶出的快慢.产品经冷却定型后则有一个开模的过程,开模基本
cycle time should shorter on condition that product 上是合模的反过程.开模的未段则有一个慢速设置,开模quality time includes: injection time , holding 完成后,re time, plastic time, cure time, knocking out time and mold protect mold opening closing sopeed
there is a mold opening step after product cooling and knocking out speed affect opening is a reverse step of mold last step of mold opening speed set slow.1.射胶时间包含保压时间,一般看起来,射胶时间越product should be knocked out after mold opened.长,产品越饱和,但我们在讲求质量时,同时也须考虑产能, 更何况,射胶时间过长,有可能会造成产品过于饱满而寻
一.顶前: 致粘模顶的变形呎寸偏大等一系列问题,故我们在设置
射胶时间时应综合考虑,尽量在合乎质量要求时缩短射
knocking out
胶时间.顶前最好分两个阶级,第一阶可分为中压慢速,即是
injection time consists holding pressure 把产品轻轻顶出一部分,然后是中压中速顶,中压中速一injection time, fuller product, we should consider 般指的是35%-55%,而低速则有可能低到5%,这需视产production quantity when we suit for injection 品不同而言,顶出行程设定是顶出长度稍比产品垂直深time too long, it may cause a series of defects suck as flash all sorts of factors should be considered, injection time should be shout if quality suit for ng out includes two steps, step1 section setting
mid-speed, knocks product out partly step2 section setting
2.熔胶时间的长短取决于熔胶速度设定的快慢,背压mid-pressure and ing on different 设定的大小,但有一点,熔胶时间控制的长短一定要比冷product, mid-pressure and mid-speed sets within 35-55% low-speed can set 5%.distance of knocking out longer 1-2cm than the vertical thickness of c time depends on plastic speed and screw back pressure, but plastic time must shorter than cure time.二.退针
3.冷却时间:冷却时间的长短直接影响到成型的周期,back
冷却时间越长,成型时间就越长,造成产能就越低,故我们
在设定高压冷却时间时,只要能保证到产品成型顺利,不
顶退包括两个过程与顶落的过程基本一致,顶退的会直接影响到变形等问题,设定的时间也是越短越好.终点应预留1-3cm的空间, time: cure time affects molding
the same as knocking out, ejector back includes 2
cure time, longer molding cycle, lower production protect the ejector oil jar, it should make a 1-3mm
so it sets cure time short on condition that product molding distance in the ending point of ejector and can’t deformation..三.顶针方式还包括一个多次顶,单次顶及顶针停留
4.在大量使用机械手的塑胶公司,我们的顶出时间一的选择,机械手取产品,脱模顺利的情况都采取多项,为了
般是与机械手配合为宜,全自动使用机械手时顶出停留顶针油缸 寿命的延长,多次顶就以不超过三次为宜,顶针
时间一般保持1.5-2秒,半自动生产,如因顶针退回会导致停留一般用在顶针带着产品退回有可能对增品产生损伤
产品掉落或卡紧,而取不下产品,停留时间则应保持5秒的模具,同时为配合机械手使用,有时也需要较短的顶针
pce company, for using manipulator in abundence ，the way of knocking out includes knocking out once, knocking out time suits manipulator, knocking out delay knocking out repeat and ejector product by keeps 1.5-2 second when using manipulator full-manipulator or take product easy, it should select knocking manipulator, knocking out delay keeps about 5 second out longer the work time of ejector oiljar, times of when using manipulator semi-manipulator and product will knocking out lower 3 r delay used when fall or can’t be taken off if ejector t will be damaged if ejector back or suit manipulator.5.低压保护时间对保护我们人身安全,模具安全起很
成型时间的设定
大作用,配合好模具低压位置和低压压力的调整,低压保
护的时间应取1-3秒,保护时间越短,可能造成的危害则
molding time setting
-pressure protect is very important for safety and protect mold, mold protect time should adjust within 1-3 second suit low pressure and position of mold protect, shorter protect time, make damaged.
