在日常学习、工作或生活中，大家总少不了接触作文或者范文吧，通过文章可以把我们那些零零散散的思想，聚集在一块。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢？有哪些格式需要注意呢？下面我给大家整理了一些优秀范文，希望能够帮助到大家，我们一起来看一看吧。
都江堰导游词欢迎词篇一
那众所周知，都江堰水利工程是由李冰父子于公元前256年修建的，它位于四川盆地边缘的岷江中游，今都江堰市城西，距成都60公里左右。它是集防洪、航运、灌溉为一体的水利工程。距今已有2200多年的历史。它不仅是我国最古老、最伟大的水利工程，也是全世界迄今为止，年代最久远、唯一留存下来并以无坝引水为特征的宏大水利工程。都江堰的灌溉面积超过1000万亩。2200多年来，都江堰仍在正常发挥着它的各项社会功用，而与其同时代修建的郑国渠、灵渠的社会功用却已经早早的废弛了，大家就不禁要问，都江堰为什么能数十年、数百年、甚至数千年如一日的灌溉着成都平原，这样历久不衰。这其中到底有什么奥秘呢?
其实啊。原因就在于都江堰水利工程修建的科学性，可能大家都知道都江堰水利工程是有鱼嘴分水堤、飞沙堰泄洪道、宝瓶口引水口三大主体工程构成，它科学的解决了江水自动分流、自动排沙、控制水量等问题，使成都平原成为“水旱从人，食无荒年，不知饥馑”的天府之国。都江堰之所以能稳稳当当的造福千年，还得益于这三大渠首工程。
首先，让我们看看鱼嘴分水堤的妙用，那顾名思义，是该工程大堤前端形似鱼嘴，故而得名，它的主要功能是分水，将上游奔流而下的江水一分为二，左边称为外江，俗称金马河，是岷江的主流，主要用于排洪，右边沿山脚的是内江，为人工引水渠道，主要用于灌溉。鱼嘴的设置极为巧妙，它充分利用地形地势巧妙地完成分流引水大的任务，并且在洪水枯水季节不同水位条件下，起着调节水量的作用。春天，也就是枯水季节时，岷江水量小，灌区正值春耕，需要用水，这时岷江主流直入内江，水量约占六成，外江四成，这样可以保证灌溉，夏季洪水季节时，在弯道动力学原理的作用下，二者的比例会自动的颠倒过来，内江四成，外江六成，使灌区不受水灾。二王庙墙壁上刻的治水《三字经》中说的“分四六,平潦旱”就是说的鱼嘴这一天然调节分流比例的作用。
除了分水这个功用外，鱼嘴还有排沙的重要功用，因其建在岷江大弯道的下方，因而外江处于凸岸，内江处于凹岸。当洪水季节来临时，水流夹带的大量沙石到大弯道时，不可避免地形成巨大的漩涡，此时含沙量大，重而沉底的底层水被离心力甩出，与百分之六十的主流一起直冲外江，而含沙量小的表层水被离心力甩到凹岸，冲向内江，鱼嘴是二八排沙的，百分之八十外江，百分之二十内江。
鱼嘴说完了，现在我们接着看看飞沙堰的功能，飞沙堰位于鱼嘴下方1070米处，长200米，高2.15米，是一个看似平凡的工程，其实它的功用却非常的大，可以毫不夸张的说，它是确保成都平原不受水旱灾害的关键，它的主要作用是泄洪，即当内江的水量超过宝瓶口流量上限时，把多余的水从这里排到外江，如果遇到特大洪水的情况，飞沙堰还会自动溃堤，让大量的江水回归岷江的主流，另一个作用是排沙，刚才说道在鱼嘴处已经江百分之八十的沙石排到了外江，剩下的百分之二十到了内江，这些沙石进入内江后并不会全部的流入成都平原。因为飞沙堰在这里起到了排沙的关键作用。它会将这百分之二十中的百分之十五的沙石排到外江，这样就只有百分之五的沙石才从宝瓶口进到成都平原，一般情况下，洪水越大，飞沙堰的排沙功能越强，最高可以达到百分之九十八。这样就保证了内江水流的通畅。可见飞沙堰的确不简单。
宝瓶口，是玉垒山伸向岷江的长脊上开的一个口子，是人工凿成控制内江进水的咽喉。因形如瓶口而得名。宝瓶口是内江水流进入成都平原的通道，它有固定的进水量，不管有多少水流入内江，只要超过了宝瓶口的接纳量，它都会一律的拒之口外。从而保证成都平原有足够的水用于灌溉，同时也不至于遭受洪水灾害。说道宝瓶口，就不得不说它的开凿过程，玉垒山山石坚硬，当时生产工具落后，民工们是用铁具凿挖的，工程进度及其缓慢，挖通估计得30年，后来，有个有经验的老民工建议，应当在岩石上开一些沟槽，然后放上柴火，点燃燃烧，这样岩石会爆裂开，再用冰冷的岷江水浇灌，在热胀冷缩的原理作用下，坚硬的玉垒山就不再坚硬了。最后，李冰用了8年的时间打通了玉垒山。在宝瓶口的一侧，大家可以看到离堆。因为与玉垒山山体相离而得名。
都江堰的三大主体工程就是这样工作的。其中不难发现，鱼嘴、飞沙堰、宝瓶口的功用是相辅相成的。正是有了这样的相互作用，都江堰才如此的伟大，它是独一无二的。“因势利导”是它治水哲学的精髓，它和现在司空见惯的拦河大坝，一横一纵，一堵一导代表了截然不同的治水哲学。一个是征服自然，一个是顺应自然。都江堰以它不可思议的水利哲学频频受到国内外专家的高度赞扬。有关部门统计，中国水库的平均寿命只有50年，条件较好的美国水库的平均寿命也不超过320xx年，相形之下，都江堰却已经存在了2200多年。难怪余秋雨先生会在它的著作中发出这样的感叹：我以为中国历史上最激动人心的工程不是长城，而是都江堰。
都江堰导游词欢迎词篇二
青城山位于中国西部四川省都江堰市西南15公里处。因为山上树木茂盛，四季常青，故历来享有“青城天下幽”的美誉。
青城山是中国道教的重要发祥地。全山的道教宫观以天师洞为核心，包括建福宫、上清宫、祖师殿、圆明宫、老君阁、玉清宫、朝阳洞等10余座。建福宫建于唐开元十八年(公元730年)，现存建筑为清代光绪年间 (公元1888年)重建。现有大殿三重，分别奉祀道教名人和诸神，殿内柱上的394字的对联，被赞为“青城一绝”。天然图画坊位于龙居山牌坊岗的山脊上，是一座十角重檐式的亭阁，建于清光绪(公元1875～1920xx年)年间。这里风景优美，游人到此仿佛置身画中，故将其称为“天然图画”。
这些建筑充分体现了道家追求自然的思想，一般采用按中轴线对称展开的传统手法，并依据地形地貌，巧妙地构建各种建筑。建筑装饰上也反映了道教追求吉祥、长寿和升仙的思想。对于深入研究中国古代的道教哲学思想，有着重要的历史和艺术价值。
青城山因其的秀丽的自然风光和众多道教建筑而成为天下名山，自古就是游览胜地和隐居修练之处，文人墨客们留下了的珍贵“墨宝”，为这座名山增添了丰富的人文景观。特别是为数众多的楹联，不但赞美了青城山的美丽，还颂扬了道教思想、道教经典，表达出对中华民族的人文初祖由衷的敬意，以及对国家兴衰、民生荣辱的关注。
都江堰是著名的古代水利工程，位于四川省成都平原西部的岷江上，今都江堰市城西。它处于岷江从山区泻入成都平原的地方。在都江堰建成以前，岷江江水常泛滥成灾。公元前256年，秦国蜀郡太守李冰和他的儿子，吸取前人的治水经验，率领当地人民兴建水利工程。都江堰建成后，成都平原沃野千里，成为“天府之国”，这项工程直到今天还在发挥着作用，被称为“活的水利博物馆”。
都江堰工程包括鱼嘴、飞沙堰和宝瓶口三个主要组成部分。鱼嘴是在岷江江心修筑的分水堤坝，形似大鱼卧伏江中，它把岷江分为内江和外江，内江用于灌溉，外江用于排洪。飞沙堰是在分水堤坝中段修建的泄洪道，洪水期不仅泄洪水，还利用水漫过飞沙堰流入外江水流的漩涡作用，有效地减少了泥沙在宝瓶口前后的淤积。宝瓶口是内江的进水口，形似瓶颈。除了引水，还有控制进水流量的作用。
此外，都江堰一带还有二王庙、伏龙观、安澜索桥等名胜古迹。
二王庙位于岷江右岸的山坡上，前临都江堰，原为纪念蜀王的望帝祠，齐建武(公元494～498年)时改祀李冰父子，更名为“崇德祠”。宋代(公元960～1279年)以后，李冰父子相继被皇帝敕封为王，故而后人称之为“二王庙”。庙内主殿分别供有李冰父子的塑像，并珍藏有治水名言、诗人碑刻等。
伏龙观位于离堆公园内。传说李冰治水时曾在这里降服恶龙，现存殿宇三重，前殿正中立有东汉时期(公元25～220xx年)所雕的李冰石像。殿内还有东汉堰工石像、唐代金仙和玉真公主在青城山修道时的遗物——飞龙鼎。
安澜索桥又名“安澜桥”、“夫妻桥”。始建于宋代以前。位于都江堰鱼嘴之上，被誉为“中国古代五大桥梁”，是都江堰最具特征的景观。索桥以木排石墩承托，用粗竹缆横挂江面，上铺木板为桥面，两旁以竹索为栏，全长约500米。明末(公元17世纪)毁于战火。现在的桥为钢索混凝土桩。
都江堰水利工程以独特的水利建筑艺术创造了与自然和谐共存的水利形式。它创造了成都平原的水环境，由此孕育了蜀文化繁荣发展的沃土。都江堰不但是世界上惟一具有20xx多年历史，且至今尚在发挥重要作用的古代水利工程。同时它还是集政治、宗教和建筑精华于一体的珍贵文化遗产。
都江堰导游词欢迎词篇三
都江堰位于四川省成都市都江堰市灌口镇，是中国建设于古代并使用至今的大型水利工程，被誉为“世界水利文化的鼻祖”，是全国著名的旅游胜地。通常认为，都江堰水利工程是由秦国蜀郡太守李冰及其子率众于公元前256年左右修建的，是全世界迄今为止，年代最久、唯一留存、以无坝引水为特征的宏大水利工程，也是全国重点文物保护单位。风景名胜都江堰水利工程充分利用当地西北高、东南低的地理条件，根据江河出山口处特殊的地形、水脉、水势，乘势利导，无坝引水，自流灌溉，使堤防、分水、泄洪、排沙、控流相互依存，共为体系，保证了防洪、灌溉、水运和社会用水综合效益的充分发挥。
都江堰建成后，成都平原沃野千里，“水旱从人，不知饥馑，时无荒年，谓之天府”。四川的经济文化有很大发展。其最伟大之处是建堰两千多年来经久不衰，而且发挥着愈来愈大的效益。都江堰的创建，以不破坏自然资源，充分利用自然资源为人类服务为前提，变害为利。都江堰渠首枢纽主要由鱼嘴、飞沙堰、宝瓶口三大主体工程构成。三者有机配合，相互制约，协调运行，引水灌田，分洪减灾，具有“分四六，平潦旱”的功效。 最佳旅游时间都江堰全年气温较高，年均温12～20℃，冬暖夏热，四季不明显，四季皆适宜旅游。历史文化都江堰的创建，以不破坏自然资源，充分利用自然资源为人类服务为前提，变害为利，使人、地、水三者高度协合统一，是全世界迄今为止仅存的一项伟大的“生态工程”。
开创了中国古代水利史上的新纪元，标志着中国水利史进入了一个新阶段，在世界水利史上写下了光辉的一章。都江堰水利工程，是中国古代人民智慧的结晶，是中华文化划时代的杰作。都江堰水利工程。历经2260年而不衰，是当今世界年代久远、唯一留存、以无坝引水为特征的宏大水利工程。它是中国古代历史上最成功的水利杰作，更是古代水利工程沿用至今，“古为今用”、硕果仅存的奇观。与之兴建时间大致相同的古埃及和古巴比仑的灌溉系统，以及中国陕西的郑国渠和广西的灵渠，都因沧海变迁和时间的推移，或湮没、或失效，唯有都江堰独树一帜，有兴建源远流长，至今还滋润着天府之国的万顷良田。
由都江堰而产生的具有强烈地域色彩的都江堰水文化包括水文学、水文物、水神学等，诸如“二王庙”、“伏龙观”、“观景台”等处的人文景观;改建鱼嘴挖掘出土的东汉李冰石像和“饮水思源”石刻;歌颂李冰父子降龙治水的民间传说和具有一定宗教神学色彩的祭祀活动;以及由此而产生的祭水、祭神、祭人的诗、词、书画的水文学等，形成独具特色的都江堰水文化。都江堰有块石碑，上面刻着“深淘滩，低作堰”字样。
dujiangyan is located in the town of dujiangyan irrigation mouth chengdu city, sichuan province, is china construction in the ancient and use of large water conservancy project, known as "the ancestor of the world water conservancy culture", is the national famous tourist resort. usually think, dujiangyan water conservancy project is by the state of qin shu satrap bing and his son leads to built around 256 bc, is so far, all over the world s most long, the only thing left, is characterized by no dam spanersion of water conservancy project, is also a national key cultural relics protection units. scenic spot dujiangyan water conservancy project makes full use of local geographical conditions of high northwest, southeast low, according to the mountain rivers in special terrain, water vein, water potential, return pattern, no dam spanersion, gravity irrigation, the embankment, water, water, sand, curtains on interdependence, for system, to ensure the water flood control, irrigation, water transportation and social comprehensive benefits into full play.
after the completion of dujiangyan, the chengdu plain lies thousands of miles, " from people, do not know famine, when no famine," tianfu ". culture has a great development of the economy in sichuan province. its greatest dam was built two thousand years enduring, and it plays a more and more big. dujiangyan to create, in order to does not destroy the natural resources, make full use of natural resources for human services for the premise, change for profit. hub of dujiangyan irrigation system is mainly composed of fish mouth, fly sand dam, baopingkou three major projects. all organic coordination and restraining each other, coordinated operation, water spanersion irrigation fields, the flood disaster reduction, with the effect of "hexagon, flat flow drought". the best travel time dujiangyan annual temperature is higher, annual average temperature 12 ~ 20 ℃, in hot summer and warm winter, the four seasons is not obvious, the four seasons are suitable for tourism. history and culture of dujiangyan to create, not to destroy the natural resources, make full use of natural resources for human services for the premise, change for profit, make the person highly synergistic, land, water, the world has so far only a great "ecological engineering".
ushered in a new era in the history of chinese ancient history of water conservancy, marked the history of water conservancy in china has entered a new stage, wrote a glorious chapter in the history of water conservancy. the dujiangyan irrigation project, is the crystallization of the wisdom of ancient people in china, is an epoch-making masterpiece of chinese culture. the dujiangyan irrigation project. long after 2260 years, the world's very long time, the only thing left, is characterized by no dam spanersion of water conservancy project. it is the most successful in the history of chinese ancient water conservancy works, especially the ancient water conservancy project in use today, "the past", only the wonders. with the construction of roughly the same time than the irrigation system, the family of ancient egypt and cuba and china's shaanxi zhengguo canal and guangxi, the efficacious canal and the passage of time, because of the sea change or annihilation, or failure, only the town of dujiangyan, with the construction of long standing and well established, fertile land, white still moistens land of abundance.
by the dujiangyan with a strong local color of dujiangyan water culture including hydrology, water, water theology relics, such as "two kings temple", "fulong view" and "viewing" in cultural landscape; bing of the eastern han dynasty unearthed stone mining and rebuilding fish mouth "shown" stone carving; sing psalms to bing and his son dragon harnessing of folklore and has certain religious theology color ritual activities; and the resulting offering water, offering god, offering people the poem, ci, calligraphy and painting of hydrology and so on, forming the unique dujiangyan water culture. dujiangyan, a stone tablet, engraved with "deep pan beach, low weir" words.
都江堰导游词欢迎词篇四
世界古老水利工程之一。位于四川省都江堰市，岷江中游。又称百大堰、犍尾堰、金堤等。始建于公元前250年,公元1335年正式命名为都江堰。现为中国重点文物保护单位。渠首在灌县境内，包括“鱼嘴”、“金刚堤”、“飞沙堰”和“宝瓶口” 4个主要工程和数以千计的渠道与分堰。岷江水流至玉垒山下时，被“鱼嘴”工程分成两股，南侧称外江，是岷江正流，以排泄洪水为主，兼有灌溉之利;北侧为内江，又称都江堰，长约160公里,以灌溉农田为主。其下游分汊为走马河、柏条河、蒲阳河等渠系。其中，走马河和柏条河的一部分尾水，在成都以南入府河后，再重返岷江正流。“鱼嘴”后面是由巨大的鹅卵石筑成的内外“金刚堤”，与“鱼嘴”连成一体，是分水工程的主要部分。“金刚堤”后是“飞沙堰”，以排洪排沙为主，使内江江水保持适当的水量。堰后即为离堆巨崖，崖下就是“宝瓶口”工程。都江堰是中国古代劳动人民利用成都平原上河流走向与等高线相垂直的天然地形条件而建造的。中华人民共和国成立后,对都江堰灌区工程进行了彻底改造和扩展,使灌区面积由原来的14县市，17.3万多公顷农田，迅速扩大到30县市，57.3万多公顷农田。
都江堰坐落于四川省都江堰市城西，位于成都平原西部的岷江上。都江堰水利工程建于公元前256年，是全世界迄今为止，年代最久、唯一留存、以无坝引水为特征的宏大水利工程。属全国重点文物保护单位。都江堰附近景色秀丽，文物古迹众多，主要有伏龙观、二王庙、安澜索桥、玉垒关、离堆公园、玉垒山公园和灵岩寺等。
都江堰水利工程由创建时的鱼嘴分水堤、飞沙堰溢洪道、宝瓶口引水口三大主体工程和百丈堤、人字堤等附属工程构成。科学地解决了江水自动分流、自动排沙、控制进水流量等问题，消除了水患，使川西平原成为“水旱从人”的“天府之国”。两千多年来，一直发挥着防洪灌溉作用。截至1998年，都江堰灌溉范围已达40余县，灌溉面积达到66.87万公顷。
鱼嘴是修建在江心的分水堤坝，把汹涌的岷江分隔成外江和内江，外江排洪，内江引水灌溉。飞沙堰起泻洪、排沙和调节水量的作用。宝瓶口控制进水流量，因口的形状如瓶颈，故称宝瓶口。内江水经过宝瓶口流入川西平原灌溉农田。从玉垒山截断的山丘部分，称为“离堆”。
都江堰水利工程充分利用当地西北高、东南低的地理条件，根据江河出山口处特殊的地形、水脉、水势，乘势利导，无坝引水，自流灌溉，使堤防、分水、泄洪、排沙、控流相互依存，共为体系，保证了防洪、灌溉、水运和社会用水综合效益的充分发挥。都江堰建成后，成都平原沃野千里，“水旱从人，不知饥馑，时无荒年，谓之天府”。四川的经济文化有很大发展。其最伟大之处是建堰两千多年来经久不衰，而且发挥着愈来愈大的效益。都江堰的创建，以不破坏自然资源，充分利用自然资源为人类服务为前提，变害为利，使人、地、水三者高度协调统一。
都江堰工程至今犹存，仍发挥着工作。随着科学技术的发展和灌区范围的扩大，从1936年开始，逐步改用混凝土浆砌卵石技术对渠首工程进行维修、加固，增加了部分水利设施，古堰的工程布局和“深淘滩、低作堰”，“乘势利导、因时制宜”，“遇湾截角、逢正抽心”等治水方略没有改变，都江堰水利工程成为世界最佳水资源利用的典范。水利专家仔细观看了整个工程的设计后，都对它的高度的科学水平惊叹不止。比如飞沙堰的设计就是很好地运用了回旋流的理论。这个堰，平时可以引水灌溉，洪水时则可以排水入外江，而且还有排砂石的作用，有时很大的石块也可以从堰上滚走。当时没有水泥，这么大的工程都是就地取材，用竹笼装卵石作堰，费用较省，效果显著。
都江堰这一带风景优美，有不少名胜古迹，又是一处十分理想的游览胜地。都江堰一带有二王庙、伏龙观、安澜索桥等名胜古迹。
二王庙位于岷江右岸的山坡上，前临都江堰，原为纪念蜀王的望帝祠，齐建武(公元494～498年)时改祀李冰父子，更名为“崇德祠”。宋代(公元960～1279年)以后，李冰父子相继被皇帝敕封为王，故而后人称之为“二王庙”。庙内主殿分别供有李冰父子的塑像，并珍藏有治水名言、诗人碑刻等。
伏龙观位于离堆公园内。传说李冰治水时曾在这里降服恶龙，现存殿宇三重，前殿正中立有东汉时期(公元25～220xx年)所雕的李冰石像。殿内还有东汉堰工石像、唐代金仙和玉真公主在青城山修道时的遗物——飞龙鼎。
安澜索桥又名“安澜桥”、“夫妻桥”。始建于宋代以前。位于都江堰鱼嘴之上，被誉为“中国古代五大桥梁”，是都江堰最具特征的景观。索桥以木排石墩承托，用粗竹缆横挂江面，上铺木板为桥面，两旁以竹索为栏，全长约500米。明末(公元17世纪)毁于战火。现在的桥为钢索混凝土桩。
都江堰不仅是举世闻名的中国古代水利工程，也是著名的风景名胜区。1982年，都江堰作为四川青城山-都江堰风景名胜区的重要组成部分，被国务院批准列入第一批国家级风景名胜区名单。20xx年5月8日，成都市青城山--都江堰旅游景区经国家旅游局正式批准为国家5a级旅游景区。
根据联合国《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》第一条第二款有关文化遗产定义的规定：“建筑物：从历史、艺术或科学角度看在建筑式样、分布均匀或与环境景色结合方面具有突出的普遍意义价值的单体或连接的建筑群”。都江堰水利工程以历史悠久、规模宏大、布局合理、运行科学，与环境和谐结合，在历史和科学方面具有突出的普遍价值，20xx年联合国世界遗产委员会第24届大会上都江堰被确定为世界文化遗产。
编辑本段名称由来
秦蜀郡太守李冰建堰初期，都江堰名称叫“湔堋”，这是因为都江堰旁的玉垒山，秦汉以前叫“湔山”，而那时都江堰周围的主要居住民族是氐羌人，他们把堰叫做“堋”，都江堰就叫“湔堋”。
三国蜀汉时期，都江堰地区设置都安县，因县得名，都江堰称“都安堰”。同时，又叫“金堤”，这是突出鱼嘴分水堤的作用，用堤代堰作名称。
唐代，都江堰改称为“楗尾堰”。因为当时用以筑堤的材料和办法，主要是“破竹为笼，圆径三尺，以石实中，累而壅水”，即用竹笼装石，称为“楗尾”。
直到宋代，在宋史中，才第一次提到都江堰：“永康军岁治都江堰，笼石蛇决江遏水，以灌数郡田。”
为什么称都江堰，都江是哪条江呢?《蜀水考》说：“府河，一名成都江，有二源，即郫江，流江也。”流江是检江的另一种称呼，成都平原上的府河即郫江，南河即检江，它们的上游，就是都江堰内江分流的柏条河和走马河。《括地志》说：“都江即成都江”。从宋代开始，把整个都江堰水利系统工程概括起来，叫都江堰，才较为准确地代表了整个水利工程系统，一直沿用至今。
one of the ancient water conservancy project in the world. is located in dujiangyan city, sichuan province, the middle reaches of minjiang river. also known as the one hundred big weir, weir jian tail, gold dike, etc. began in 250 bc, in 250 officially named the town of dujiangyan. now the capital of china's key cultural relics protection units. feeding in county territory, including the "fish mouth", "jin gangdi", "flying sand dam" and "baopingkou" four major projects and thousands of channels and weir. minjiang river water to which the foot, be "fish mouth" the project is spanided into two shares, said the south river, minjiang river flow, is give priority to with flood discharge, both of the irrigation; the north inner river, also known as the town of dujiangyan, about 160 kilometers long, give priority to in order to irrigate their fields. its downstream branching for cook's river, baitiaohe, puyanghe canal system. among them, take up a part of the river and baitiaohe tail water, in the south of chengdu into fuhe, again to return to the minjiang river is flowing. "fish mouth" is followed by a huge against the pebbles "jin gangdi" inside and outside, it becomes an organic whole repeatedly with the "fish mouth", is the main part of the water spanersion project. "jin gangdi" is "flying sand dam", give priority to with having desilting, keep the neijiang river water appropriately. after the weir is away from the pile of huge cliff, the cliff is "baopingkou" project. dujiangyan is the ancient working people use on the chengdu plain river to a natural terrain conditions and perpendicular to the contour is built. after the founding of the people's republic of china, to reinvent the dujiangyan irrigation project and expand, make irrigation area by 14 counties and cities, more than 173000 hectares of farmland, rapidly expanding to 30 counties and cities, more than 573000 hectares of farmland.
dujiangyan is located in the west of dujiangyan city, sichuan province, is located in the minjiang river in the west of the chengdu plain. dujiangyan water conservancy project was built in 256 bc, is so far, all over the world s most long, the only thing left, is characterized by no dam spanersion of water conservancy projects. is a national key cultural relics protection units. near dujiangyan, beautiful scenery and numerous cultural relics, there are mainly fulong view, the two kings temple, peaceful bridge, which, from the pile of park, which mountain park and lingyan temple, etc.
the dujiangyan irrigation project by the creation of yuzui water-spaniding dike, fly sand dam spillway, baopingkou irrigating gate three main engineering and baizhang dike, herringbone dam and other accessory works. scientifically solved the automatic water distributary and desilting, control the water flow, flood, eliminates the make western sichuan plain "severe" from the man's "land of abundance". more than two thousand years, has played a flood control and irrigation. by 1998, dujiangyan irrigation area has reached more than 40 counties, irrigated area of 668700 hectares.
fish mouth is built in jiangxin water dam, the minjiang river surge is spanided into outer and neijiang, jiang outside having, jiang baopingkou water spanersion irrigation. fly sand dam up xie hong, desilting and adjust the action of water. baopingkou control water flow, the shape of the mouth for such as bottlenecks, therefore calls baopingkou. in the river after baopingkou into the western sichuan plain irrigation farmland. from the hills hill part of truncation, which is called "from the heap.
dujiangyan water conservancy project makes full use of local geographical conditions of high northwest, southeast low, according to the mountain rivers in special terrain, water vein, water potential, return pattern, no dam spanersion, gravity irrigation, the embankment, water, water, sand, curtains on interdependence, for system, to ensure the water flood control, irrigation, water transportation and social comprehensive benefits into full play. after the completion of dujiangyan, the chengdu plain lies thousands of miles, " from people, do not know famine, when no famine," tianfu ". culture has a great development of the economy in sichuan province. its greatest dam was built two thousand years enduring, and it plays a more and more big. dujiangyan to create, in order to does not destroy the natural resources, make full use of natural resources for human services for the premise, change for profit, make the person, the land, water three highly harmonious and unified.
dujiangyan project remain, so far still plays a job. with the enlargement of the scope of the development of science and technology and irrigation area, begin from 1936, gradually switch to slurry concrete build by laying bricks or stones pebble technology of ancient project for repair, reinforcement, add some of the water conservancy facilities, the engineering layout and ancient weir are crowded "deep, low weir tao beach", "return pattern, since the", "cutting angle, every heart is pumping in bay" and other valuable hasn't changed, dujiangyan water conservancy project to become the world's best model of water resource utilization. water conservancy experts, after carefully watched the whole project design of its height more than the scientific level of marvel. such as sand weir design is a good use of the theory of swirling flow. the weir, at ordinary times can be irrigated, flooding can drain into the river, but also the role of sand and gravel, sometimes big stones can roll away from the weir. there were no cement, for such a big engineering is use local materials, using bamboo cages packed pebble as weir, expenses in province, effect is remarkable.
dujiangyan scenic in this area, there are many places of interest, it is an ideal tourist attraction. dujiangyan one with two kings temple, fulong view, peaceful bridge such as places of historic interest.
two kings temple is located in minjiang river right bank slopes, the former in dujiangyan, a former memory of the king of shu emperor temple, jijianwu (a.d. 494-498) when the change of si bing and his son, renamed the "chong de temple". after the song dynasty (960-1279), emperor bing and his son have been chifeng is king, so be called "two kings temple". temple main respectively for the statue of bing and his son, and treasure water conservancy quotes, poet inscriptions, and so on.
fulong view the heap of the park. legend bing water conservancy were here when the surrender dragon, existing triple temple and qiandian are neutral during the eastern han dynasty (25-220 ad) the bing stone carving. inside and weir work statues of the eastern han dynasty, tang dynasty jin xian and princess yuzhen relic - fly long ding when qingcheng mountain monastery.
peaceful bridges also known as "peaceful bridge", "bridge". was built in the song dynasty. in dujiangyan, fish mouth, is known as "five bridges" in ancient china, is the most typical landscape of dujiangyan. bridge to raft stone retainer, hanging from a thick bamboo cable cross river on board for the deck, on both sides with bamboo rope to bar, total length of about 500 meters. the late ming dynasty (17th century ad) was destroyed by fire. now the bridge concrete pile for cable.
is not only a world-famous dujiangyan water conservancy project in ancient china, is also a famous scenic spot. in 1982, dujiangyan, sichuan qingcheng mountain - dujiangyan scenic area as an important part of it was approved by the state council listed in the first list of state-level scenic spots. on may 8, 20xx, chengdu - dujiangyan qingcheng mountain scenic spots by the national tourism administration approval for the state 5 a-class tourist scenic spot.
according to the un convention on the protection of world cultural and natural heritage the second paragraph of article 1 of the regulations on cultural heritage definition: "building: from the historical, artistic or scientific perspective in architecture, distributed evenly, or combined with environment landscape has outstanding universal value of monomer or connection of buildings". dujiangyan water conservancy engineering with a long history, large-scale, layout reasonable, scientific operation, combination, in harmony with the environment in history and science has outstanding universal value, in 20xx the united nations conference on the world heritage committee the 24th dujiangyan was identified as the world cultural heritage.
edit this section name origin
early qin shu satrap li bingjian weir, the dujiangyan name call "jian which", this is because the dujiangyan which near the mountain, qin and han dynasties ago called "jian mountain", and then the dujiangyan di qiang is the main living national people around, they called the dam "which", dujiangyan is called "jian which".
three kingdoms period, dujiangyan area set douan map, because the county is named, dujiangyan said "float weir. at the same time, also called "bank of gold", it is highlight the role of yuzui water-spaniding dike, name generation embankment dam.
the tang dynasty, dujiangyan renamed "jian tail dam". because at that time to the embankment material and method, main is "cut for bamboo cage, three feet, circle diameter to shi shi, tired and backwater", which uses bamboo cages with stone, known as the "jian tail".
until the song dynasty, in the highly, dujiangyan first mentioned: "yongkang army at the age of dujiangyan, stone cage snake river stem water, with several county irrigation."
why said dujiangyan, what's the doujiang jiang? "shu water test" said: "fuhe, chengdu, a river, there are two source, namely pi river, flow jiang also." flow is another call check jiang, jiang on the chengdu plain fuhe pi river, south river river, namely their upstream, dujiangyan is neijiang shunt baitiaohe and take up the river. "including topography," said: "doujiang chengdu river". since the song dynasty, the whole project in summary, the dujiangyan irrigation system called dujiangyan, to more accurately represent the entire system of water conservancy projects, has been in use today.
