人的记忆力会随着岁月的流逝而衰退,写作可以弥补记忆的不足,将曾经的人生经历和感悟记录下来,也便于保存一份美好的回忆。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的范文呢?下面是小编帮大家整理的优质范文,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。
泉州景点导游词篇一
泉州市地处福建省东南部,依山面海,北承省会福州,南接厦门特区,东与宝岛台湾隔海相望。陆地面积11015平方千米,海域面积11360平方千米,人口658万。是全国首批历史文化名城,中国优秀旅游城市,古代“丝绸之路”起点,也是全国著名侨乡,台湾汉族同胞的主要聚集地,目前分布在世界100多个国家和地区的泉州籍华侨华人达600多万人,港澳同胞68万多人,长期以来,泉州的广大海外乡亲和台胞爱国爱乡,为我市的各项建设事业作出了重大贡献。
泉州历史悠久,据考古发现,早在旧石器时期就有人类在此生息繁衍,东晋时期,由于北方连年战乱,大量中原晋人南迁入境,开始了泉州的大规模开发,泉州现有人口大部分属中原晋人后裔,泉州的母亲河遂被称为“晋江”。泉州建市最早是在公元718年,是一座千年古邑,随着社会经济的发展,政治制度的变革,泉州的建置不断演变,目前隶属福建省,下辖4区3市5县,其中汉族占人口总数的98.2%,少数民族占1.8%,方言以闽南话为主,通用语言为普通话。
泉州的气候也非常适合居住,属亚热带海洋性季风气候,年平均气温18-20℃,终年温暖湿润,四季如春,有一首诗道:“四季有花常见雨,一冬无雪却闻雷”,道出了泉州气候温暖宜人的特点。
泉州的得名还有一个典故,据说是因为城北的清源山上有一孔甘泉(俗称虎乳泉),因此山称泉山,州称泉州。另外,泉州古时还有很多别称,例如:因古城形似鲤鱼,故称“鲤城”;又因四季常温,得名“温陵”;五代时,此地曾环城遍植刺桐树,遂称“刺桐城”。泉州的“刺桐港”从唐代到元朝,一直是中国主要对外贸易港口,是古代“海上丝绸之路”的起点,享有“东方第一大港”的盛誉。这些优雅的别称,随着泉州海外交通的发达而声蜚海外,时至今日这些名称仍然为大家所熟悉。
泉州是国务院首批公布的24个历史文化名城之一,文化积淀深厚,素有世界宗教博物馆之美誉,这点在清源山上体现的尤为突出,包括世界各大宗教,如道教、佛教、基督教、伊斯兰教、天主教、印度教、摩尼教等,形成了多种宗教兼容并蓄的特点。此外,泉州作为历史文化名城,文化遗产、名胜古迹星罗棋布,拥有各级重点文物保护单位七百多处,其中国家级20处。其中级负盛名的有:中国现存最早的伊斯兰教清净寺,世界唯一的摩尼佛像雕刻,中国最大的老君石雕坐像,千年古刹开元寺及东西塔、民族英雄郑成功史迹,中国四大名桥之一洛阳桥,以及将惠东风俗、海滨风光、石雕艺术融为一体的崇武古城等等。因此而享有“地下文物看西安,地上文物看泉州”的美誉。并且保留着以南戏、南音、南少林、南建筑为代表的文化遗产和梨园戏、高甲戏、提线木偶等全国特色剧种。说起提线木偶,在08年的欧云辉开幕式上表演的提线木偶节目正式我们福建籍提线木偶大师的精彩演出。另外,值得一提的是。“海上丝绸之路泉州史迹和中国南音已列为申报世界遗产项目。
来到泉州就不得不提一下这边的名产,其中惠安石雕、德化陶瓷、安溪铁观音为泉州三宝,鲤城木偶头、安溪乌龙茶、永春老醋等土特名产,闻名遐迩,是馈赠亲朋挚友的上乘礼品,远销海内外。
泉州被列为闽南厦漳泉沿海经济开发区,经济总量连续多年居福建省首位,是中国民营最发达的地区,素有中国民营之都美誉。泉州人民立足实际,奋力打造特色经济,促使泉港“石化基地”、丰泽“中国树脂工艺之乡”、晋江“中国鞋都”、石狮“中国服装名城”、南安“中国建材之乡”、惠安 “中国石雕之乡”、德化“工艺陶瓷之乡”、永春“芦柑之乡”、安溪“乌龙茶之乡”等特色经济的形成并驰名海内外,全市所有县(市)均跻身全省经济实力十强或经济发展十佳县(市)行列。2003年,县域经济取得新进展,晋江、石狮、惠安和南安四县(市)再次入选全国百强县(市)。
泉州以其丰富的人文景观,别具一格的民俗风情和秀出东南的自然风光,交相辉映,使泉州成为一个全国乃至国际性的旅游胜地,吸引着来自海内外的游客。
泉州景点导游词篇二
泉州安平桥导游词
作为一位兢兢业业的旅游从业人员,常常需要准备导游词,导游词一般是根据实际的游览景观、遵照一定的游览路线、模拟游览活动而创作的。我们应该怎么写导游词呢?以下是小编收集整理的泉州安平桥导游词,希望对大家有所帮助。
泉州安平桥导游词1大家好,很高兴今天能有机会和大家一起参观安平桥。
安平桥是国家第一批公布为全国重点文物保护单位之一。位于晋江市的安海镇,安海古称安平,因此,此桥又称:“安平桥”,由于桥长有五华里(即二公里半)人们便称它为“五里桥”;位于安海镇西畔,俗称“西桥”。
安平桥全座石构,用花岗岩和沙石构筑的梁式石桥,横跨晋江安海和南安水头两重镇的海滩,始建于南宋绍兴八年(公元1138年),前后历经十三年告成,后经明清两代均有修缮,现为国家拨款依旧重修保留原状,闻名天下。据《晋江县志》记载:“晋江、南安之界,旧日以舟渡,宋绍兴八年,僧祖派始筑石桥未就,二十一年来赵令衿成之,釃水三百六十二道(即分水道为三百六十二孔),长八百十有一丈,宽一丈六尺……”目前修缮后桥全长为20xx米,桥面宽3米至3。6米,以巨型石板铺架桥面,两侧设有栏杆。桥板又阔又厚,最长者可达十余米,每间用板石七、八条,皆是坚实的花岗岩石。而这些桥板石从哪里开采而来的,应该是泉州府附近的石窟,但需要用水运。据说有私家族谱记载,这样的巨石,多是咫尺相望的金门岛开采海运而来的。桥墩筑法,用长条石和方形石横纵叠砌,呈四方形、单边船形、双边船形三种形式,尚存331座,状如长虹,为中古时代世界上最长的梁式石桥,故有“天下无桥长此桥”的美赞。此外,长桥的两旁,还置有形式古朴的石塔和石雕佛像,其栏杆柱头还雕刻着维妙维肖的雌雄石狮与护桥将军石像,以夸张的手法,雕刻表现得非常别致,皆为南来的代表作。
整座桥上面的东、西、中部分别置有五座“憩享”,以供人休息,并配有菩萨像。两翼水中筑有对称方形石塔四座,圆形翠堵婆塔一座,塔身雕刻佛祖,面相丰满慈善。中亭二尊护桥将军,躯高1。59至1。68米,头戴盔,身着甲,手执剑,雕刻形象威武,这都是宋代石雕艺术的精华。
当时主持建桥的`赵令衿筑成天下长桥而高兴地写下一首诗:
为问安平道,驱本夜已分;
人家无犬吠,门巷有炉熏;
月照新耕地,山收不断乡;
梅花迎我笑,书报小东君;
有“安平桥”原有篆书丰碑,已废。据清人龚显增《亦囱脞牍》载:“丁丑由安平趋漳郡,道出西桥,见篆书丰碑,几立桥上……碑题‘安平桥’篆书三字,字径二尺,配搭匀整,气象崚嶒,旁款一行,正书云‘右迪功郎南安县尉陈大方立’,刊者刘长岳,大方绍兴末任南安县尉。”
“安平桥这一伟大的桥梁工程是继闻名天下的海内第一桥的洛阳桥(又名万安桥),以工程之艰巨,为世界首创的“筏型基础”,而产生泉州府地之建桥热,成为泉州“桥梁甲天下”。安平桥则以长度上被历代所赞誉,以“卧龙“、“巨虹”的壮丽称号,闻名海内外。在明代被泉州人称为“学问最通”陈紫峰,有一天集诸文人周游安平桥,正遇聚雨,他们都在桥上闲聊长桥胜景,随即作对联:“暴雨骤倾万斛珍珠浮水面,长虹多挂一条金带束天腰。”
在桥头还有一座砖塔和观音堂,塔高达22米,为五层六角形空心建筑,南宋时所创建。为什么在南宋,晋江的一镇有这么多资财创建这么伟大的桥梁工程,据有关史料记载:“安海镇”于府南六十里,古名“湾海”,宋初始改为“安”、曰“安海市”,西曰“新市”,东曰“旧市”。海泊至,州遣吏攫税于此,号“石开津”,又据明代编号的《安海志》称,古时安海人善于漂洋过海发展海上贸易,宋元时期,商则襟带江湖,足迹遍天下,南海明珠,越裳翡翠,无所不有,文身之地,雕题之国,无所不到……这都说明宋时安海海外通商之繁荣景况,安平桥之兴更是当时海外交通发达,社会经济繁荣的实物标志。同时也看出泉州劳动人民的建筑智慧。
当代诗人郭沫若干年间特来安平桥参观,留下律诗一首。
五里桥成陆上桥,郑藩旧邸踪全消;
英雄气魄垂千古,劳动精神漾九霄;
不信君謨真梦醋,爱看明俨偶题糕;
复台得意谁能识,开辟荆榛第一条!
由于时代久远,海港的变迁,海上的桥变成陆上的桥,如今国家拨出专款重修,恢复旧貌,我们一到长虹般的长桥,总要漫步观赏,为兴建泉州长桥功劳而赞叹!
泉州安平桥导游词2安平桥俗称五里桥,在晋江安海与南安水头交界海湾上。宋绍兴八年(1138年)始建,十三年后建成。它是我国现存最长的海港大石桥,是国家第一批公布为全国重点文物保护单位之一。
全桥长2255米,宽3-3.8米,桥墩361座,桥上有水心亭、楼亭、中亭、雨亭、宫亭等五座。桥东头有白塔,高22米,五层六角空心砖塔,外涂抹白灰。高塔长桥,相映成趣。
桥墩筑法,用长条石和方形石横纵叠砌,呈四方形、单边船形、双边船形三种形式,尚存331座,状如长虹,为中古时代世界上最长的梁式石桥,故有“天下无桥长此桥”的美赞。
长桥的两旁置有形式古朴的石塔和石雕佛像,栏杆柱头雕刻着惟妙惟肖的雌雄石狮与护桥将军石像,皆为南宋的石刻。整座桥上面的东、西、中部分别置有五座“憩享”,以供人休息,并配有菩萨像。两翼水中筑有对称方形石塔四座,圆形翠堵婆塔一座,塔身雕刻佛祖,面相丰满慈善。
中亭二尊护桥将军,躯高1.59至1.68米,头戴盔,身着甲,手执剑,雕刻形象威武,这都是宋代石雕艺术的精华。在桥头有砖塔和观音堂,塔高达22米,为五层六角形空心建筑,南宋时所创建。
1961年3月,五里桥公布为国家重点文物保护单位。近年拨巨款重修巳倾圯塌断的桥墩桥板,修复三座桥亭、桥塔和桥栏。掘除桥两侧淤积,恢复水映长桥美景,桥下游处今辟了公路和闸桥,交通更加方便了。
泉州景点导游词篇三
关于福建泉州导游词
作为一位无私奉献的导游,通常需要准备好一份导游词,导游词是我们引导游览时使用的讲解词。如何把导游词做到重点突出呢?以下是小编收集整理的关于福建泉州导游词,供大家参考借鉴,希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
关于福建泉州导游词1大家好,很高兴能和大家一起去参观郑成功墓。
郑成功墓在南安市沿着福厦公路的水头镇附近的康店村复船山,为全国重点文物保护单位。
郑成功是我国伟大的民族英雄,名森、字明俨、号大木,福建省南安石井人,出身于官商家庭。1624年农历七月十四日,诞生于日本长崎县平户市千里浜。在日本渡过七个春秋,1630年间随从其叔芝燕等回国,住安平(晋江市安海镇)郑府。郑成功自幼聪明敏捷,八岁能通读四书五经,十岁能写入股文,文章过人,词藻华丽典雅,十一、二岁,兼习春秋左传,孙吴兵法,并能舞剑学射。十五岁的禀生,二十一岁攻入南京国子监太学,气字轩昂,才华横溢,获得师长称赞:“此人英雄,非人所得比。”
明隆武帝见成功年少英俊,文武双全,问之日“江山危矣,你何从我乎?”对日:“文不贪财,武不怕死,江山可保矣。”隆武帝非常赞许他,即赐他与同姓,易名“成功”,封御营中军都督,授尚方宝剑,仪同附马,自是咸称“国姓爷”。
郑成功一生最伟大的功绩是收复台湾,驱逐荷兰侵略者和大规模开发台湾。永历十五年(公元1662年)十二月甘三日,率军三万余人,大部份是泉州人,把荷兰侵略者从我国宝岛台湾赶走。郑成功实现了他收复台湾和开发台湾的远大抱负。当时曾赋诗一首“开辟荆榛逐荷夷,十年始克服先基。田横尚有三千客,菇苦间关不忍离。“收复台湾以后,他走访四社,了解民情及社会情况,在那荒凉的台湾岛上,实行“寓兵于农”之法,屯垦开荒,“农隙则训以武事,有警则荷戈以战,无警则负来以耕”。那时,台湾新辟土地环境十分恶劣,瘴疬流行,“病者十之七八,死者基多”,甚至有数十丈巨蟒为患,开荒任务非常艰巨,郑成功都新率官兵,积极开发,同时采取各种措施加紧巩固台湾海防,坚守阵地,免于荷兰侵略者“复仇”,重占台湾。郑成功率军披荆斩棘,流血流汗,艰苦创举。由于十年征战,驰骋沙场,积劳成疾,于永历十六年(公元1662年)农历五月初八病逝台湾,享年三十有九,墓葬于台湾的台南州仔尾。历经三十多年,其孙郑克塽降清后,于康熙三十八年(公元1699年)5月22日卯时迁柩归葬于南安县,拊葬于康店村的郑氏祖莹,随同迁葬的还有其子郑经的`灵柩。当时康熙帝除下敕遣官兵护柩外,还赐挽联一对,日:“四镇多二心两岛屯师敢向东南争半壁;诸王无守土一隅抗志方知海外有孤忠。“尔后还派御林军护陵守墓。同时迁葬于祖莹乐斋公内还有其父郑芝龙,其母和其妻墓氏,迁墓后重立墓碑。
1929年,郑陵被盗,即时抢救石质墓志铭两块,一为郑经1674年回乡修祖坟时所立的(橄榄山墓志)。另一是迁葬时郑克塽之《郑氏归墓祖文墓志》。郑成功灵柩用棺廓两层,里面一层油漆朱红鲜先泽,棺内布满水银,骨骼完好,取出将盔一项,龙袍一件,腰围玉带镶玉十七块,靴鞋各一双,还有头发等珍贵一级文物,由南安石井郑成功纪念馆收藏。
郑成功墓采用水灰三合土构筑土堆墓,墓碑墓道皆用花岗石雕砌成,墓碑高75厘米,长15.8厘米,呈“山”字形,整座墓域占地997平方米,墓前石质华表一对,相距15米,高14米,呈八角形,径52厘米,顶端雕一座狮,保存完好。墓前两侧还有石板旗杆夹九对,左五右四,其中一板刻有“戍子年解元”五个字。目前,扩大保护范围,建筑陵园大围墙建立文物保管所,修筑墓道和专线公道,绿化林木花草,建置碑亭,环境宽敞,风景优美,为海内外游览和祭拜“国姓爷”的好地方。
参观了郑成功墓,想必大家会有一番感慨和联想吧。
关于福建泉州导游词2大家好,欢迎到草庵摩尼教遗址参观。
距泉州市区南门外19公里的晋江余店苏内村,有一座万山峰,又名万石山、华表山,为我国仅存完整的摩尼教遗迹。因古用草构屋,故曰草庵。摩尼教又名明教,公元三世纪波斯人摩尼所开创,摩尼(公元216-276年)生于南巴比伦安眠王族家庭,他以拜火教为信奉基本,接收____、佛教和古巴比伦的宗教思维,创建了摩尼教。其教于唐代传入泉州,称为明教,崇敬光亮,倡导喧扰,反对黑暗和压迫。古代遗址为元代修建物,据考古发明,宋代摩尼教已在这里运动。明代禁绝,此处乡民仍以佛教崇拜,保留完全。摩尼教寺紧依华表山麓,内有僧尼方丈,本来庵前还有一座佛教寺,已废,近年又重建,面目一新。花木、果树相映,景致非常精美清净,为一番别致风景。草庵寺依山崖傍筑,修筑情势为石构单檐歇山式,四架椽,面阔三开间,间宽1?67米,进深二间3.04米,屋檐下用横梁单排华拱承托屋盖,简略古朴。其中最为可贵的是庵内依崖石雕一尊摩尼光佛,石浮雕摩尼跌坐神像,作圆圈浅龛,直径1.68米,坐像身长1.52米,宽0.83米,头部比较特殊。浮现辉绿岩(青斗石)色彩,长方形面貌0.32x0.25米,背有光芒射纹饰,出现花岗岩石质,披发披肩,端坐莲坛,面相圆润,眉弯稍为隆起,嘴唇薄,嘴角线深显,构成下额圆突,显得安祥自若;身穿宽袖僧衣,胸怀打结带,无扣,结带用圆饰套束蝴蝶形,而向两侧下垂于脚部,双手相叠平放,手心向上置于膝上,情态肃穆慈悲,衣褶俭朴流利,用对称的纹饰表示时期作风。这是目前世界仅存的一尊摩尼教石雕佛像,列为全国重点文物维护单位。
在佛龛的左上角阴刻一段文字“谢店市信士陈真泽破寺,喜舍本师圣像,祈荐考妣早生佛地者。至元五年戌月日记”。五行楷书,34字,字径2.5x2.5厘米。在右上角还有阴刻比拟毛糙的文字“兴化路罗山境姚兴祖,奉舍石室一完。祈荐先君正卿姚汝坚三十三宴,妣郭氏五九太孺,继母黄十三娘,先兄姚月涧,四学世生界者。”这些文字价值性很高,是目前世界独一摩尼光佛造像跟庵寺建造年代可借的文字佐证,十分宝贵,同时也是研讨泉州明教的一手历史资料。
在这草庵遗址前真个20米处,曾经出土一块元代完整的黑釉碗和60多件残瓷片。这件完整的黑釉碗,口径18.5厘米,高6.5厘米,碗内底部在烧制时便刻有“明教会”三字,字径6.5厘米左右,其余残瓷片同样分辨刻有“明”、“教”、“会”三个字样,这是当时泉州明教会活动情形的主要发现。宋未元初时烧制这种黑釉碗,在晋江磁灶为数较多,泉州市区近郊也有同类型的发现,阐明罗山草庵摩尼教遗址的文字记载与黑釉“明教会”的瓷碗相印证。泉州的摩尼教活动于元代是比较公然性的。解释泉州的明教是以佛为崇拜而风行的。据传有泉州十八位读书士子住于草庵勤恳读书,常于此浮现佛的形象,说是文殊菩萨的显影,因而在摩尼光佛坐像两侧有弘一法师手书木刻对联“石壁光明相传为文佛显影”,“史乘记录于此著名贤读书”。
明朝太祖朱元璋依附明教篡夺政权,并采取明教的“明”定国号,然而又担忧明教要挟他的统治,即所谓“又嫌其教门上逼国号,寅其徒,毁其宫”。所以明初明教极盛一时又转入机密活动,融会于道、佛教的民间崇拜。但仍于明正统年刻摩尼教的教义信条原出地方有。
劝念
清净光明,鼎力智慧。
无上至真,摩尼光佛。
正统乙丑玄月十三日,住山弟子明书立。明万历年间(公元1573-1620年)泉州还有两位有名诗人旅行草庵题诗于此:黄克晦(公元1524一1590,号吾野,惠安崇武人,能诗善字画,著有《吾野诗集》等)
《万石峰草庵得家字》
结伴遥寻太乙家,峨峨万石映孤霞。
坐中峰势天西侧,衣上梦阴日半斜。
风榭无人飘翠瓦,云岩有水浸苔花。
何年更驻苏杭鹤,静闭闲房共转砂。
诗人黄凤翔(1538-1614,号仪庭,止庵。泉州市区人,名士名宦)
《秋访草庵》
琳宫秋日共跌登,木落山空爽气澄。
细草久湮仙峡路,斜晖暂作佛坛灯。
竹边泉脉邻丹灶,沿里云根蔓绿藤。
飘瓦颓垣君莫问,萧然一榻便??
以上两位诗人都把草庵当作道教宫庵对待。其诗中还呈现“太乙神仙“和“丹灶”的词句。
好了,今天咱们参观摩尼教遗址到此就停止了,欢送大家再次光顾。谢谢!
关于福建泉州导游词3大家好,很高兴今天能有机会和大家一起参观安平桥。
安平桥是国家第一批公布为全国重点文物保护单位之一。位于晋江市的安海镇,安海古称安平,因此,此桥又称:“安平桥”,由于桥长有五华里(即二公里半)人们便称它为“五里桥”;位于安海镇西畔,俗称“西桥”。
安平桥全座石构,用花岗岩和沙石构筑的梁式石桥,横跨晋江安海和南安水头两重镇的海滩,始建于南宋绍兴八年(公元1138年),前后历经十三年告成,后经明清两代均有修缮,现为国家拨款依旧重修保留原状,闻名天下。据《晋江县志》记载:“晋江、南安之界,旧日以舟渡,宋绍兴八年,僧祖派始筑石桥未就,二十一年来赵令衿成之,釃水三百六十二道(即分水道为三百六十二孔),长八百十有一丈,宽一丈六尺……”目前修缮后桥全长为20xx米,桥面宽3米至3.6米,以巨型石板铺架桥面,两侧设有栏杆。桥板又阔又厚,最长者可达十余米,每间用板石七、八条,皆是坚实的花岗岩石。而这些桥板石从哪里开采而来的,应该是泉州府附近的石窟,但需要用水运。据说有私家族谱记载,这样的巨石,多是咫尺相望的金门岛开采海运而来的。桥墩筑法,用长条石和方形石横纵叠砌,呈四方形、单边船形、双边船形三种形式,尚存331座,状如长虹,为中古时代世界上最长的梁式石桥,故有“天下无桥长此桥”的美赞。此外,长桥的两旁,还置有形式古朴的石塔和石雕佛像,其栏杆柱头还雕刻着维妙维肖的雌雄石狮与护桥将军石像,以夸张的手法,雕刻表现得非常别致,皆为南来的代表作。
整座桥上面的东、西、中部分别置有五座“憩享”,以供人休息,并配有菩萨像。两翼水中筑有对称方形石塔四座,圆形翠堵婆塔一座,塔身雕刻佛祖,面相丰满慈善。中亭二尊护桥将军,躯高1.59至1.68米,头戴盔,身着甲,手执剑,雕刻形象威武,这都是宋代石雕艺术的精华。
当时主持建桥的赵令衿筑成天下长桥而高兴地写下一首诗:
为问安平道,驱本夜已分;
人家无犬吠,门巷有炉熏;
月照新耕地,山收不断乡;
梅花迎我笑,书报小东君;
有“安平桥”原有篆书丰碑,已废。据清人龚显增《亦囱脞牍》载:“丁丑由安平趋漳郡,道出西桥,见篆书丰碑,几立桥上……碑题‘安平桥’篆书三字,字径二尺,配搭匀整,气象崚嶒,旁款一行,正书云‘右迪功郎南安县尉陈大方立’,刊者刘长岳,大方绍兴末任南安县尉。”
“安平桥这一伟大的桥梁工程是继闻名天下的海内第一桥的洛阳桥(又名万安桥),以工程之艰巨,为世界首创的“筏型基础”,而产生泉州府地之建桥热,成为泉州“桥梁甲天下”。安平桥则以长度上被历代所赞誉,以“卧龙“、“巨虹”的壮丽称号,闻名海内外。在明代被泉州人称为“学问最通”陈紫峰,有一天集诸文人周游安平桥,正遇聚雨,他们都在桥上闲聊长桥胜景,随即作对联:“暴雨骤倾万斛珍珠浮水面,长虹多挂一条金带束天腰。”
在桥头还有一座砖塔和观音堂,塔高达22米,为五层六角形空心建筑,南宋时所创建。为什么在南宋,晋江的一镇有这么多资财创建这么伟大的桥梁工程,据有关史料记载:“安海镇”于府南六十里,古名“湾海”,宋初始改为“安”、曰“安海市”,西曰“新市”,东曰“旧市”。海泊至,州遣吏攫税于此,号“石开津”,又据明代编号的《安海志》称,古时安海人善于漂洋过海发展海上贸易,宋元时期,商则襟带江湖,足迹遍天下,南海明珠,越裳翡翠,无所不有,文身之地,雕题之国,无所不到……这都说明宋时安海海外通商之繁荣景况,安平桥之兴更是当时海外交通发达,社会经济繁荣的实物标志。同时也看出泉州劳动人民的建筑智慧。
当代诗人郭沫若干年间特来安平桥参观,留下律诗一首。
五里桥成陆上桥,郑藩旧邸踪全消;
英雄气魄垂千古,劳动精神漾九霄;
不信君謨真梦醋,爱看明俨偶题糕;
复台得意谁能识,开辟荆榛第一条!
由于时代久远,海港的变迁,海上的桥变成陆上的桥,如今国家拨出专款重修,恢复旧貌,我们一到长虹般的长桥,总要漫步观赏,为兴建泉州长桥功劳而赞叹!
泉州景点导游词篇四
导游词是导游人员引导游客观光游览时的讲解词,是导游员同游客交流思想,向游客传播文化知识的工具,也是应用写作研究的文体之一。下面是小编收集整理的泉州开元寺导游词范文,欢迎借鉴参考。泉州开元寺导游词(一)
我们现在已经到了福建省内最大的寺庙——泉州开元寺。开元寺占地面积78000平方米。它规模宏大,构筑壮观,景色优美,曾与洛阳白马寺、杭州灵隐寺、北京广济寺齐名。开元寺初名“莲花寺“,后改为“兴教寺”、“龙兴寺”。唐开元二十六年(公元739年)唐玄宗下令全国各州建一座开元寺,遂改现名。
人们常说“自古名山僧占多”,其实是冤枉了出家人。与世无争的僧人隐身在高山峻岭之上,本意是修心养性,却常成为德高望重的高僧,因而山以僧名,闻名遐迩。而泉州开元寺就座落在平平无奇的鲤城区西街,与凡世的隔绝只靠山门前这堵象征性的屏障一紫云屏,这无形中缩短了尘世与佛门的距离。缺少名山大川的陪衬,却多了善男信女的亲近,这就是泉州开元寺的独特之处。
泉州开元寺是全国重点文物保护单位,也是福建省“十佳”风景区,或许大家想知道,开元寺何以能够闻名海内外呢?那就让我们一起慢慢领略、细细品味吧。
跨过山门就到了拜亭。站在这里,我们可以看到拔地而起的东西塔和宽敞明亮的东西两廊对称地排列在两旁,而我们所在的位置就在开元寺的中轴线上。佛教传入我国巳有一千多年历史,并在中国落地开花,与中国文化融为一体。开元寺的布局就突出了我国古建筑的南面为尊和中轴线为主的特点。
拜亭前的这个大石庭,是个“凡草不生”的拜庭,供古今官民朝拜和活动。每逢农历二十六日,这里人山人海,梵呗声声,一派泉南佛国景象。石庭两边分列着八棵200至800岁的大榕树,阴翳蔽日,盘根错节,增添了开元寺静寂、庄严的气氛。树下排列着11座唐、宋、明时期不同形式的古经幢、小舍利塔,以及两只贔屃。庭中还置立着一座3米多高的石雕焚帛炉,盖钮雕蹲狻猊,炉身周雕幡龙、祥云、莲瓣、蔓草等纹饰,形制优美,雕工精妙。焚帛炉稍后两侧,还有两座南宋绍兴十五年(公元1145年)泉州南厢柳三娘捐建的印度萃堵波的方形石塔,塔上刻有萨锤太子舍身饲虎的故事,是印度教在南宋时留下的痕迹。
在中轴线上的主体建筑,就是眼前这座大雄宝殿。因传说建殿之时有紫云盖地,所以又叫紫云大殿。大殿上方这块巨匾写有“桑莲法界”四个魏碑风格的大亨,以应桑开白莲之说。早在唐朝初期,泉州已盛产丝绸。这片地原是大财主黄守恭的桑树园,后来捐给匡护大师建寺。关于这件事,有一个很动人的传说:一天,黄守恭梦见有一个僧人向他募地建寺,他说等桑树开白莲花后就献地结缘。几天后,满园桑树果然都开出白莲花,黄守恭深被无边佛法所感动,果然把这片桑树园捐献出来。其实,黄守恭本为乐善好施之人,桑开白莲之说乃是人们敬慕佛祖,附会而成,但这一神奇的传说却为泉州人民所津津乐道,世代相传,因而开元寺也得了“桑莲法界”的美称。
大殿正中供奉的是御赐佛像毗卢遮那佛,汉译大日如来,是佛教密宗的最高神抵。其两旁是五代王审邽修大殿时增塑的四尊大佛,依次为东方香积世界阿閦佛,南方欢喜世界是宝生佛,西方极乐世界阿弥陀佛,北方莲花世界成就佛,合称五方佛,也叫五智如来。这五尊大佛金光闪烁,衣纹清晰,神容慈祥,法相庄严,双手分别作说法、施与、接引、禅定等相,工艺精巧,令人叹绝。五方佛的胁侍有文殊、普贤、阿难、迦叶以及观音、势至、韦驮、关羽、梵王、帝释等诸天菩萨、护法神将共10尊。在大殿后正中供奉着密宗六观音的首座圣观音以及善才、龙女和两翼神态各异的十八罗汉。开元寺历代住持皈宗不一:有法相宗、律宗、净土宗、密宗、禅宗等宗派,而大殿却能保持这种罕见的规制,这既值得夸耀,也是值得研究的。
在五方佛前石柱和珩梁接合次,有两排相向的24尊体态丰腴、纹饰华丽、色彩斑斓,双翼舒展的天女,梵文“频伽”(即妙音鸟)。据佛经说:此鸟发声微妙,仙音优雅,连歌神紧那罗都不及她。他们原是佛的侍者,而能工巧匠们把她们的下半身嵌人柱榫里,翼胁之下爪足外露,上半身向前伸出,昂首挺胸,短衣半袒,樱洛圈胫胚,双臂伸展,腕着驯镯,手棒文房四宝,瓜果点心,丝竹管弦,翩翩若仙。他们不但给人以美的艺术享受,而且用以代替斗拱,依托粗大的珩梁,减少其过大的跨度,极为巧妙地将宗教、艺术与建筑融合起来,令人称绝。
藻井下分五级。坛台的最上层供奉明代的卢舍那佛木雕坐像,其所坐莲花台座有一千叶莲花瓣,每片莲叶上各刻一尊6厘米大小的佛像,十分精妙。卢舍那四周各层侍立着金刚钩、金刚索、金刚铃、金刚锁四菩萨,还有释迦牟尼、阿弥陀佛、寒山、拾得、千手观音的及韦驮天将等24尊菩萨神像。其中尤以八大金刚塑像为最佳。它们怒目结发,赤足袒胸,显得无比威严。环绕坛座的束腰处还有护三皈、护五戒的各种神王牌64个。戒坛是佛教徒受戒的地方,这种神秘肃穆的氛围,正可使人敬畏不迭,诸念俱灭,一心皈依。据说这种戒坛在全国已寥若晨星了。常言道物以稀为贵,大家也算有眼福了。
在中轴线的两边,还有一些建筑群:东有由迦蓝祠改建的檀樾祠,纪念施主黄守恭。黄氏四安(南安、惠安、同安、安溪)后裔及海外紫云家族无不以此为荣。有俗称“小开元寺”的准提禅林,原供奉天台宗的准提菩萨;西有尊胜院,现已开辟一部分为弘一法师纪念馆,有水陆禅寺,以供寺僧栖息。
耸立在拜庭两侧广场中,相距约200米的八角五层楼阁式仿木结构石塔就是泉州东西塔,它是开元寺的重要文物。它以塔身的雄伟、形制的奇妙,建筑的神工和雕镂的精美而扬誉海宇,吸引着自宋至今的无数中外学者和游人前来游览、观瞻、揣摩和研究。
泉州开元寺石塔是我国古代石构建筑瑰宝。从石塔的建筑规模、形制和技艺等方面来看,都可以说得上精妙绝伦。它充分体现了宋代劳动人民高度的智慧和伟大的创造性。它不但在中国石塔中堪称佼佼者,在世界上也是首屈一指的。它既是中世纪泉州海外交通鼎盛时期社会空前繁荣的象征,也是泉州历史文化名城特有的标志。现在,东西塔影雕作品已成为我市最高层领导人馈赠佳宾的珍贵礼品。因此可以说,东西塔已成为泉州的象征。既是泉州人民的骄傲,也是海外侨胞和宝岛同胞所憧憬的乡影。即使是没有到过泉州的人也常在说:做人要“站着像东西塔,躺着像洛阳桥”,可见东西塔在他们心目中的份量。
大凡名刹,必有名僧。历代的开元寺僧人,或以佛学著作称胜,或以诗词文章闻名,或弘道扬名,或入世献身,代有高僧:唐代的开山祖匡护大师,五代唯识大师,律宗释弘则,净土宗释楚勤,南禅释文展,桥成造化的释义波,禅宗第一住持释妙恩,温陵禅师释戒环,蔼益大师释智旭,“为文似柳、为诗似陶“的释大圭,更有“念佛不忘救国、救国不忘念佛”、集佛学、书法、金石、音乐、绘画、诗文于一身的现代律宗高僧弘一法师。
开元寺的得道高僧,也有不少出国弘法。如清朝顺治年间的木庵禅师,漂洋过海,扬名东瀛,成为日本黄檗宗的第二世传人;新中国成立后的转逢老和尚,足迹遍及印尼、尼泊尔、缅甸、泰国、新加坡、马来西亚。现任住待道元法师也曾应邀前往巴西弘法,禅风远播。
“佛国名传久,桑莲独擅声”,泉州开元寺以其悠久的历史,神奇的传说,独特的规制,巧妙的建筑、珍贵的文物、优美的艺术和卓越的声誉,正吸引着成千上万的僧民信众和十方游客前来礼朝膜拜,旅游观光。
女士们,先生们,参观完泉州开元寺,您是否有不虚此行的感觉呢?您是否对泉州这个宗教历史博物馆有更深的了解呢?但愿主城泉州丰富的人文景观与美丽的自然风光能在您心中留下美好的回忆。
泉州开元寺导游词(二)今天我们所到的泉州市是一座有2000多年历史的文化名城,泉州被誉为“世界宗教博物馆”,在这里,道教、伊斯兰宗教、儒教、基督教、佛教和平共处,这也体现了泉州人兼容的气度和宽阔的胸怀。今天我们参观的开元寺是一座最为突出、最具代表性的千年古刹。而开元寺的东西塔则是泉州古城的标志,我们泉州人常说:站着要像东西塔,躺着要像洛阳桥。可见东西塔在泉州人们心目中的重要地位。
开元寺始建于唐垂拱二年(公元686年),距今已有1300多年的历史占地面积7.8平方米,是福建省最大的寺庙之一。好,各位团友,已经来到了开元寺内,在这里我想问问大家,远看这两座塔,大家猜它是用什么做的,啊!刚刚有人说像是木头做的,又有的说是像砖做的,也有的说是铜做的,那还是让我们到近处瞧瞧去,啊!大家都跑去摸呀,应该知道答案了吧,对它是用石头做的,但非常像木头做的,这座塔是仿木结构,特别是用花岗岩石表现仿木斗拱结构,是最具权威性的成就。这对姐妹塔,也是我国现存最高大的宋代石塔,也是泉州古城的标志,他可是一位历经风雨的老者,两塔最初皆为木塔,后毁于火灾,后又用砖,最后改建成现在的五层石塔,东西塔历经740多年风雨雷电以至8级大地震的摧撼,至今依然巍然,堪称石塔之冠。东塔“镇国塔”高48米多,西塔“仁寿塔”高45米多,当年,建塔的工匠们把东西塔,特别是东塔,每一层的八个面壁上,都嵌刻了如同真人一般大小的佛教人物浮雕。表面佛法的庄严。大家看东塔的的人物浮雕从他们的表情、发型、服饰、兵器、手势是如此形象,及细微处的衣服上的绦带都有有数十种花样,如果不是对生活的熟知,凭想象是设计不出来的。大家可以仔细地看塔身,我们可以看见菩萨、高僧、罗汉、神将、金刚等琳琅满目的人物浮雕,而今天我想给大家介绍不引起我们注意的在东西塔的须弥座转角位置上的16尊侏儒,别小年这些貌不惊人的畸形人,但他们智力不亚于常人,而且又有体力,所以古代的达官司贵人常把他们当作苦力来役使。中国的古建筑常在二根横梁之间竖一短柱作为支撑,因又矮又粗,所以叫做“侏儒柱”。
《营造法式》一书中,也把这个建筑上的重要构件称作侏儒柱。在佛教造像艺术中,常把扛负须弥座的力士塑造成侏儒的形象。最早可以追溯到印度中央邦的桑奇大佛塔,塔上有一幅《阿育王礼佛》浮雕,画面上阿育王在宫廷侍女环绕之中,从跪伏的大象背上下来,准备去社拜释迦牟尼卒堵坡坡,他把匍匐在地的侏儒当作踏阶,于是侏儒托举负重,也就成为佛教建筑和造像艺术中常见的形象。泉州东西塔须弥座16尊侏儒,每尊只有30厘米高,采用的是深浮雕技法。这些侏儒大家看,个个都是矮矮墩墩、裸胸凸肚,他们各据一角,以身当柱,作出耸着肩,拱着背,顶托巨塔的姿势;有的穿无袖短衫,有的裤子滑在肚脐下,有的单膝跪地,有的半蹲半起,有的两手举托,有的双手撑膝,有的歪关侧脑,有的憋气运力,有的龇牙咧嘴,有的故扮鬼脸,有的满面苦相,一个个拚力卖命,不堪其重,每塔都有一个侏儒把拇指和食指放在嘴里作吹唿哨状,好像是个领头的,在指挥大家一起出力,这些没有生命的石雕侏儒,引人同情又使人揪心。他们比塔上的人物浮雕和须弥座的佛传图浮雕更富有艺术的魁力和深刻的思想。泉州东西塔须弥座的侏儒,不失为当时社会的写照,把侏儒的忍苦受罪的样子真实的表达出来了。泉州东西塔创造了具有宋朝那一个时代的造型艺术也可从这对姐妹塔中看出南宋时代的科技水平,近年东塔入选中国“四大宝塔”邮票发行。从布局来看,东西塔是开元寺建筑群的组成部分,从塔的自身来看,又是独立的建筑,也许可以说,开元寺就像是一壶好茶,需要慢慢品尝,细细回味,自有无穷余韵在心中。
好,各位团友,看完东西塔后,现在我们有15分钟照相时间,15分钟后,我们将继续参观开元寺,谢谢!
远道而来的各位朋友,旅途辛苦了,欢迎来到泉州开元寺。人们常说:不游开元寺不算到泉州。如果说,泉州是“世界宗教博物馆”,那么,开元寺就是其中的佼佼者;如果说泉州素称“泉南佛国”,那么开元寺便是最为突出、最具代表性的千年古刹。而开元寺内的东西塔则是泉州古城的标志。
在我们生活的年代,高楼大厦的建设者运用现代化机械从事“高空作业”,古代呢?没有起重机,没有大吊车,更谈不上“直升飞机”和“电脑设计工程”,然而华夏祖先用他们的聪明才智和勤劳的双手创造了无数令世人惊叹的古建筑。大家看,耸立在草坪上的两塔就是其中之一。我国古塔专家罗哲文教授曾望塔兴叹:“鬼斧神工”!
据《寺志》记载:东西塔建于南宋,前后历时22年。令人叹为观止的是古代泉州人因地制宜,就地取材。两座塔重约19510吨,上上下下,里里外外,全部用花岗岩依照木头入榫的结构建造而成,这在中国古塔建筑史上相当罕见,充分体现了我国宋代高超的建筑水平。
我们眼前的是东塔“镇国塔”,建于南宋,塔高48.24米,是中国现存最高、最大的石塔,被誉为“石塔之王”。近年入选中国“四大名塔”邮票发行。而西塔“仁寿塔”高度与东塔相差四米多,为44.06米,先东塔十年而建(公元1228—1237年)。两塔相距200米左右,配对成双,俗称“东西塔”。
各位团友,您可以抬头数一数这东塔共有几层?是的,它并非我们平时所说的“七级浮屠”,而是五层八角楼阁式建筑,就佛教含义而论,五层古塔象征中国南方较为盛行的大乘教“五乘说”。同时,各位还可看到石塔每层都有人物浮雕像,合计一塔共有80尊,两塔则有160尊石雕人物像,这些人物大都是中外历史上对佛教颇有建树的名家。尤其引人注目的是在西塔的两尊人物浮雕,一是长胡须的莲花观音,二是手持大刀保护唐三藏去西天取经的孙行者。有人确认这位诞生于南宋的孙行者是成书于明代的《西游记》中孙悟空的“原始模特”。说来有趣,90年代,六小龄童到泉州开元寺时,曾被邀请登上西塔与南宋的石刻“孙行者”合影留念,本地传为佳话。
各位还可看到,在东塔下面须弥束腰部位有四十方连环画式的石刻浮雕画,其中有一图“经来白马”尢为珍贵,它讲述的是佛教如何传入中国的故事。其它几十幅浮雕画取材的大部分是两千五百多年前,印度佛教创始人释迦牟尼诞生—出家—悟道—成佛等经典故事,而上述故事中人物穿的却都是中国宋代服饰,真可谓是“入境随俗”。
拔地而起的东西塔创建至今七百多年,经受了风雨雷电的洗礼。特别是公元1604年(明万历年间),它们与泉州另一标志景观——宋代洛阳桥一同经受了八级大地震的严峻考验,东塔刹顶上八条铁链震断了七条,塔身安然无恙,洛阳桥同样纹丝不动。迄今为止,双塔塔基没有下沉,塔身没有倾斜,双塔屹立如山、巍巍壮观。所以,在泉州流传这么一句话来形容做人要有骨气的名言,“我站起来就是东西塔,躺下去就是洛阳桥。”
可以说,东西塔是历史文化名城泉州的标志,也是泉州古建筑的“制高点”。“欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”,可惜出于文物保护的目的,我们今天无法登塔。他日若有机缘,各位登塔远眺,泉州风光尽收眼底,意趣无穷。
东西塔讲解到此结束,给大家10分钟时间,与这巍巍东塔合影留念。谢谢!
泉州开元寺导游词(三)顺义开元寺是我国著名佛教寺院建于唐玄宗开元二十六年(738)。时国中奉诏选十大州郡各建大寺均以“开元”名之此寺即其中之一。元代称开元寺为开元万寿禅寺明代起改称为开元镇国禅寺至今。开元寺经历代修建带有宋、元、明、清的建筑风格和艺术特色。开元寺位于北京市顺义区开元路规模庞大肃穆壮观。原占地100亩,现存203亩是一组较完整的唐代建筑群。其山门外照壁嵌有“梵天香界”石刻。全寺内分四进分别为金刚殿、天王殿、大雄宝殿、藏经楼。东西有廊厅纵深60余米建有观音阁、六祖堂、地藏阁、方丈厅等。
其主体建筑大雄宝殿建在高出地面的台基上面阔5间进深4间重檐歇山顶殿脊以葫芦、雉尾为装饰。大殿和殿台四周的石栏板上嵌有唐代石刻78块敷演释迦牟尼的生平事迹并刻有猴子莲花等动植物图案。殿前有1对石经幢上镌《准提咒》和《尊生儿》。
殿内神案前有元泰定二年1325用陨石刻成的大香炉净高15米由大小6层叠成上镌“天人献花”字样及走兽、蟋龙、变莲瓣、梅花鹿等图案刀锋犀利棱角分明刻工精美是十分珍贵的文物。殿内还有建于明末的金漆木雕千佛塔璀璨夺目。塔基6个柱头分别刻成6尊力士基座6面浮雕唐僧取经故事人物栩栩如生。基座的每个门洞均置十八罗汉及二十四诸天尊塑像。此外还有南宋政和四年(1114)铸造的千斤铜钟、元代的铜声板等一批珍贵历史文物。寺内的藏经楼至今还保存着8大橱乾隆钦赐的雍正版《大藏经》7240卷内有汉、番、梵对照本还有木刻印刷的佛教故事、连环图卷其数量之多资料之全为国内寺院所罕见。
泉州开元寺导游词(四)蜚声海内外的泉州开元寺,位于泉州市区的西街,始建于唐垂拱二年(686)。寺址原为州民黄守恭家桑园,相传桑树曾开白莲花,故献园与僧匡护建寺,朝廷赐额“莲花寺”。长寿元年(692)改名“兴教寺”,神龙元年(705)又更名“龙兴寺”。唐玄宗开元二十六年(738)诏天下诸州各建一寺,以纪年为名,遂改称“开元寺”。大中元年至六年(847—852)间,华严宗僧行标曾驻锡此寺。大中二年(848),天台宗僧令言于开元寺西创支院“西罗汉院”。五代闽国时,泉州刺史王审邽、王延彬父子笃信佛教,于开元寺西北创支院。
当时佛教各宗派十分活跃,如唯识宗僧道昭居罗汉阁治唯识学,律师知琀为支院泗洲律院开山,禅宗青原系义存禅师再传弟子、道溥禅师的弟子清豁居支院上方院。至宋初开元寺共有120个支院,但不相统属。宋代,各宗派仍共存于开元寺。如熙宁年间(1068—1077),云门宗有评禅师主支院栖隐禅院;元丰年间(1078—1085),本州资寿院云门宗捷禅师法嗣可遵禅师主尊胜院;建炎年间(1127—1130),敦照律师居支院观主院,并按《南山戒坛图经》建甘露戒坛;淳熙年间(1174—1189),净土宗僧了性及其徒守净创支院极乐院。元至元二十二年(1285),泉州僧录刘鉴义向福建行省平章伯颜申请,经朝廷准许并为一寺,赐额“大开元万寿禅寺”。次年,由临济宗杨歧派雪峰可湘禅师之徒妙恩任住持。
其后40年中,禅风远播,衲子竞集,寺僧达千人之多,是泉州开元寺最鼎盛的时期。元末社会动荡,寺亦随之衰微。明洪武三十一年(1398),朝廷命曹洞宗名僧正映为住持,重建甘露戒坛,一度中兴。正映之后寺又趋荒落。成化、弘治间(1465—1505),僧众流散四方,火药匠占据戒坛。万历初年(1573—1575)僧舍成为民居,戒坛、法堂沦为匠人之宅。二十二年(1594)檀越黄文炳禀于地方官,驱走匠人,恢复戒坛。崇祯八年(1635),曹洞宗中兴名僧元贤来寺开法,四众云集。崇祯十年(1637),总兵郑芝龙倡修大雄宝殿,全部换以石柱,开元寺开始复苏。民国时期,圆瑛、转物和转道三法师发愿重兴,遂向海内外劝募重修,当时转道慷慨出钵资数万元以为开办费用。圆瑛与转物于1924年9月进寺。圆瑛主持开元寺后,通过黄守恭后裔黄孙哲、黄祝堂向黄仲训、黄奕注和黄秀烺等先生劝募,他们分别负责修建法堂、东塔、西塔三大工程的费用。修复工程达三年之久,至1927年才陆续完成。后来寺院的部分又长期被占作军营,或成为囚禁壮丁的场所。
抗日战争期间,大雄宝殿及藏经阁部分建筑又遭日机轰炸,寺内文物古迹受到严重破坏。目前寺的范围南北长260米,东西宽300米,占地面积78000平方米。正面和西面环立白石栅栏,并栽刺桐。寺内殿阁基本上属明代建筑风格。中轴线上的建筑依次为紫云屏、天王殿、拜亭、大雄宝殿、甘露戒坛、藏经阁等。天王殿后廊连接着一座卷棚歇山式的四角形拜亭,连着拜亭是一片开阔的花岗石铺地的平坦石庭院,此即拜庭,面积有2800平方米;庭中八株古榕,虬枝相接。拜庭两侧还立有10座舍利塔和一座石经幢,还有2座建于南宋绍兴十五年(1145)的印度窣堵坡式方型石塔。大雄宝殿,一称紫云大殿,又因间架植立石柱百根(实94根),亦称百柱殿,面积1400平方米。殿为重檐歇山式,为明末郑芝龙重建。殿内飞梁迭栋,斗拱雕刻飞天乐伎24尊。佛坛正面祀丈八金身五方佛,为福建寺院所仅见。后殿中奉观世音菩萨,两侧为十八罗汉。殿前月台宽大,台座壁面束腰部分,嵌有72幅狮身人面青石浮雕,还有两根青石柱,系从明代废圮的婆罗门教寺庙中移来。
戒坛是中轴线上第二台阶的建筑。现有建筑为五重檐八角攒顶式,系清康熙五年(1666)仿宋建筑,面积654平方米。坛为圆形,计分五层,坛上的立柱和四面雕梁之上,有24尊木雕的飞天乐伎,但有飘带,与大雄宝殿的不同。藏经阁是寺内中轴线上第三台阶的建筑,其前身为法堂,如今所见到的是1925年改建的双层楼阁,重檐四角、钢筋混凝土结构,面积1800平方米。
阁内藏经相当丰富,计有4万多卷,其中著名的有宋版元刊《崇宁万寿藏》与《毗卢藏》的残卷,此外还有五代僧义英手写的《金银藏》残片、元代僧如照的血书《妙法莲华经》、明代僧蕅益亲笔题识的《梵网经》与明刻本《华严经》等。在寺大殿东西两侧相距约200米处各有一塔,东塔名镇国塔,西塔名仁寿塔。这两座建于宋代的精美石塔均为五层八角仿木结构楼阁建筑,东塔通高48.27米,西塔高44米。两塔塔身上下还有精湛的石雕,内容以佛陀的本生故事为主。开元寺与东西塔已成为历史文化名城泉州的象征之一。寺中轴线两边除东西塔外,东侧建筑有檀越祠,原祀黄守恭。准提禅林为东侧第二建筑,俗称小开元。西侧有功德堂、弘一法师纪念馆、水陆寺与桑莲古迹等。
泉州景点导游词篇五
泉州导游词
overview of quanzhou touristryquanzhou is a well-known hometown for overseas chinese and a majority of the han population in total population in the municipality is over 6.7 9 million of han nationality in taiwan are originally from recent years, the number of visitors from taiwan, hong kong and macao has been come back for pilgrimage to their visit ancestors’ graves, visit their families and friends, make investments and conduct business and has greatly promoted the social and economic development in ou is one of first 24 important national historic and cultural cities announced by the state tang dynasty to yuan dynasty, “citong port” in quanzhou was one of the major ports for foreign was the departure point of “marine silk route” and enjoyed the grand reputation of “largest oriental port”.the city has numerous famous scenic spots, cultural and historic 399 protected cultural relics in the city, 12 are of state level and 37 are of province u ancient town “natural film studio” and “beidaihe in the south”.it is located at chongwu township, the coastal jag in the east of hui-an site covers an area of 300 mu, winding along the coastline, composed of chongwu ancient town, hui-an women glamour, the granite carving museum, and earth well-preserved t-shaped city wall of chongwu ancient town is located on just the opposite of the scenic is regarded as “case of the ancient systematic civil work due to its unique area has been listed by provincial tourism bureau as the key construction project for tourism and announced by quanzhou municipal government as the first batch of famous scenic spots, receiving over one million tourists each an mountain quanzhou is 2 km from the down town and directly accessible by sight is known as “no.1 penglai mountain in fujian province” and the “back garden of quanzhou”.the scenic sight covers a total area of 62 km2, consisting qingyuan mountain, jiuri mountain, lingshan secret tomb, and an mountain has three national key culture relics located on 8 most attractive site is the giant granite statue of an old gentleman, which is 5.63 meters high, 6.85 meters thick and 8.01 meters ng an area of 55 m2, it is the largest taoist granite statue existing at present in addition, there are also islamic tombs in song dynasty, qifeng rock calligraphy group on jiuri mountain, the granite statue of “sanshifu(three-generation buddha)”of tibetan buddhism of yuan dynasty, the giant granite statue of “amituofu”, and the buddhist relics of hongyi master, the senior monk in modern history, and the buddhist relics of hui-an native guanqin master monk which is brought back from mountain has gathered rock calligraphies of taoism, confucius, buddhism, muslim, muni, as well as many fine calligraphy since tang and song dynasties, hence the name of “museum of stone carving”. mountain sacred tomb
fengze district forest is the best protected muslim relics existing in an area of 300 m2, the existing tomb is a pagoda shaped islamic tomb, located in the north and facing the tomb, measuring 2.15 meter long, 1.1 meters wide and 0.6 meters tall, is structured in three the east, west and north of the tomb are horse-shoe shaped protection cloisters for 9 chambers which are 11 meters wide and 1.04 meters the cloisters, there are 5 monument stones of different front there is a shining-green monument stone carved with arabic the right it is the monument stone which was laid when zhenghe came to burn joss sticks before he started the 5th voyage the arab world, the tomb on the ling mountain is the third important sacred tomb, next to muhammad’s tomb in mecca and ari tomb in ng mosque national key culture relics, it is located in the middle section of tumen street, licheng district, covering an area of 2500 ng mosque faces the street in the south, with a pointed dome dome has three layers: inside, middle and the external wall, there is a statue on the top, which is carved with “alcoran” in back wall of the mosque is carved with ancient arabic script, recording the time of construction and repair and the the mosque, there is a stone carving of the emperor’s instruction about the protection of the islamic mosque in yongle year 5 of ming dynasty(1407).on top of the mosque gate, there is a platform named “platform looking at the moon” which is built with bricks in the shape of n temple national key culture relics, it is a 1000-year old temple, famous in china and in wuzetian chuigong year 2 of tang dynasty(year 686), the temple is located in the west street of lincheng district, quanzhou, fujian temple has a history of over 1300 years, covering an area of 78,000 n temple is evenly laid in ng from the gate, there are the hall of heaven king, praying pavilion, east and west corridors, the precious hall of great hero, ganlujietan, and scripture buildings are laid spectacularly and neatly in a kaiyuan temple, there stood the east pagoda and the west pagoda, which are also called ziyun couple east pagoda is named zhenguo pagoda, which was made from the wood initially and later replaced by the brick at the height of 48.24 west pagoda is named renshou pagoda, which was built from the timber sent by wang shenzhi, the king of was named “emotal pagoda”.it was replaced by brick structure in the northern song dynasty and changed again to stone pagoda in the southern song dynasty at the height of 44.06 west pagoda was built 10 years earlier than the east pagoda
g bridge
a national cultural relics located over luoyang river, 20 km northeast off construction of the bridge started in 1053 and was completed in length is 834 meters and width, 7 meters, with 31 the two sides of the bridge, there are fences, on top of which there stand delicately carved lion stone bridge is also decorated with 7 pavilions, 9 pagodas and knight statues standing at each the unique architecture, the bridge is famous both at home and abroad and has gained the reputation of “no.1 bridge across the sea”.on the outside of the bridge, there are 500 carved stone railings and 28 carved stone lions, symbolizing 28 famous craftsmen;and 81 buddha statues, including the moon the north of the bridge, there is a courtyard, which is known as the no.1 courtyard in the south of fujian province.7、anping bridge a national key culture relic located at anhai town of jingjiang city, fujian province, access to the highway between fuzhou and xiamen and the national road no bridge extends over the bay between anhai township of jingjiang and shuitou township of construction of the bridge started in shaoxing year 8 of song dynasty(1138)and completed in shaoxing year 22(1152).made of granite piers, the bridge is 2700 meters long and it was the longest bridge in the ancient times, known as “no bridge would be longer than this bridge”.the construction of anping bridge is unique, because the original piers were designed in three different shapes: square, semi-boat, and foundation of the bridge adopted “sunken foundation covered by wood” and wooden piles respectively according to the different earth surface of the bridge was laid with granite slates of 5-11 meters long and 4.5-25 tons bridge surface was laid by utilizing the rising and falling of the mountain the territory of dehua, in the middle of fujian province and the southeast part of mid daiyun mountain mountain is famous for its vicious cliff, strange-shaped rocks, strange-looked trees and mysterious the park, there are high mountains and a dense forest, with humid climate, excellent natural environment, and is a kingdom of plants and paradise of major tourism attractions include the main peak of niushi mountain, daixian double water falls, bamboo raft drifting on taoxian stream, rubber boat drifting on shilong stream, tadou hot spring, peach-flower island, the relics of fujian provincial committee forest ecological sightseeing zone as a national aaaa scenic spot and provincial natural reserve, it is located at xiayang town, the west of yongchun county, quanzhou of fujian forest is the extension of daiyun mountain with an attitude of 1,105 is the largest and best preserved primary forest at present in south main sightseeing area in niumu forest ecological zone covers 1,000 ha, consisting over 40 scenic most famous sites are the ecological and scientific popularization museum, orchid garden, yongchun tangerine orchard, qingqian liule garden, cuckoo castle, board root, strangled killing, parasitic cauline flower, fujian phoebe trees, yew, foliage, woniutan, zhonglidizhu, entertainment activities offered for tourists include cable sliding at high altitude, grass ski fashion, mock hunting, standard shooting, archery, and jungle field qingshui crag
as national aaaa scenic spot and provincial-level culture relics, it is a tourist attraction and religious shrine, located on penglai mountain, 15 km northwest from the anxi county suburb, the hometown of the iron buddha ng a total area of 11.1 km2 with the peak reaching the altitude of 767 meters, it consists of the temple and pilgrimage zone, qiyu(praying for rain)ecological zone, qinshan recreation zone and memorial convenience of transportation, it is about 70 km from quanzhou, 100 km from xiamen and 120 km from existing temple was built after 1966 and qingshui crag is the burial place of qingshui master monk, a famous monk in song re is a belief of qingshui master monk has a wide influence in the southern fujian province, taiwan and southeast asian taiwan alone, there are over 200 temples named qingshui ou delicacies and specialities
ou glutinous rice dumpling of meat stuffing
the glutinous rice dumplings of meat stuffing are made in a dainty ingredients are mainly glutinous rice, together with half-fat pork and other ingredients, such as taro, chestnut, bran shrimp, lotus seed, chicken, ham and bamboo ou yuanhetang preserved fruits and vegetables
quanzhou yuanhetang preserved fruits and vegetables are traditional foods, made from different varieties of fruit and enjoy a great reputation all over the world for their sweet and pleasant taste.“yuanhetang” is a 80-year-old firm processing preserved fruits and the function of nourishing the stomach and spleen;promoting appetite, yuanhetang products are regarded as the best selection for entertaining guests while drinking as chinese originally from the southern fujian province like to take yuanhetang preserved fruits and vegetables back to their residential country while people in china like to choose “yuanhetang” products as souvenirs for their overseas relatives and tie kuan-yin tea
anxi iron kuanyin tea also known as heart kuanyin tea and red shape kuanyin is the top quality wulong tea, the famous tea produced in fujian iron kuanyin tea produced in anxi county, quanzhou municipality contains a number of biological alkaline, vitamins and tannin, protein and aromatic has the special function of easing anxiety, improving eyesight, preventing arteriosclerosis and cancer, extending youth and mitigating ou puppet head
quanzhou puppets have a complete image in figures are widely selected from the figures and roles in the folk operas and legends, roughly spanided into 5 major types: sheng(male), dan(young female), jing(painted face, male), mo(middle aged male), chou(clown, male or female).there are over 300 puppet masks, which display beautiful shapes, vivid drawings, clear characters, unique artistic styles and local -an granite sculpture
hui-an granite sculpture is a folk carving craftwork, made from top quality granite(shining-green rock)and carved finely into different sizes of delicate handicrafts, such as round carving, floating carving, line carving, and shadow granite sculptures produced in hui-an can be either large as the size which should be lifted and installed by cranes or can be small as the size which can float on the surface of the are beautiful in shape, fine in workmanship, unique in artistic style and strong in local -an granite sculpture has a history of 1600 years, well-known as the “home of granite sculptures”.-an bear gall
fujian guizhentang pharmacy development utilizes the rich resource of bear gall from qianshan group and has developed qianshan brand bear gall products, such as bear gall powder, bear gall health tea and bear gall company uses the extracted substances from bear galls with other valuable chinese herb medicine to develop different varieties of new galls are bitter in taste and cold in nature, having the function of clearing the heat, relieving spasm, improving eye-sight, and killing ing to the chinese medicine, bear gall is effective in curing red eye disease, sore throat, infantile convulsion of children, indigestion and pain caused by zhi panacea leaven
laofanzhi panacea leaven is a processed traditional chinese medicine, which is a light grey coloured block in aromatic smell and slightly sweet the functioned in adjusting the stomach, nourishing the spleen, expelling wind-evil, settling indigestion, and promoting appetite, resolving wetness, it can be applied to treat flue and cold, heat exhaustion in summer, stomach-ache caused by indigestion and vomiting and ou rice sculpture
“zhauggaoren(rice figure)” is made of ground rice(glutinous rice), wheat flour and skill of making the rice figures mainly relies on the dexterous tools needed are also simple: small scissors, fine comb, gold paper, feathers, bamboo strap and iron figures made from the dough are generally taken from the stories in four famous major chinese works, such as “the master travels to the west with his apprentice to obtain scriptures”, “three brothers in the peach orchard”, “twelve golden hairpins” and “wusong kills tiger”.the figures are they are made, it takes several days for them to dry under the sunlight, and then paint with a coat of oil to make them shine and to preserve them for a long ou folk colour cotta
quanzhou folk colour cottas are made from paper as figures of ancient work of making colour cotta is spanided into standing work and sitting standing work generally refers to making large scale works, such as “giant mountain” “lingcuo” and “colour building while sitting work refers to making fine works, including famous figures, birds and modern colour cotta techniques, the material is earth, wax, plastics, cloth and silk to enhance the expressive folk colour cotta in quanzhou has a broad influence in china and works of “56 ethnic groups”, “hui-an maidens”, “maidens form tea producing area”, “girls from fishermen family”, “lady of southern music” designed by quanzhou jingxiu firm have won excellence prizes on the first china tourism souvenir competition, and the prize of the best commodity on the first fujian provincial tourism un painted bamboo baskets
yonghcun painted bamboo baskets are unique traditional handicrafts produced are made from over 20 raw materials, including gold foil, fine bamboo skin, raw paint, chinese wood oil, xiabu, dongfen through over 30 procedures of moulding, boiling, lining, and painting for over two are over 100 varieties of products including flat baskets, patterned baskets and full baskets, shaped in round, ridged, hexagon, oval, as well as fruit boxes and painted plates.11yogchun paper woven picture
yongchun paper woven pictures are a special traditional handicraft, initiated at the end of sui dynasty and the beginning of tang dynasty, with a history of over 1400 pictures have been sent to over 40 countries for exhibition, presented to the foreign friends as souvenirs, and have become the “friendship envoy” for the promotion of the diplomatic un county has been granted by the ministry of culture the title “home of china paper woven pictures” and listed for the protection under the “folk art protection project”. ceramics
dehua ceramics is the traditional was started in the tang dynasty, developed in song and yuan dynasty and made a breakthrough in ming white ceramics produced in dehua have the reputation of being “white as snow, thin as paper, smooth as jade”.dehua ceramics is famous especially for its statue of kuanyin which was made by the senior master he chaosong and named “helai kuan” after his “ivory white” ceramic statue developed by him is a valuable object unparallel in the world, known as the “crown jewel in the international ceramic sector”.quanzhou folk culture
ou ceramic culture
“dehua has many beautiful ceramics”, is how the italian traveller marko polo described ain manufacture has a long history in -known both in china and overseas for its top quality, fine workmanship, the porcelain industry in dehua is regarded as one of the three major porcelain capitals in china, together with jingde town of jiangxi province and lilin of hunan ming dynasty, the “ivory white” ceramics developed by the great master he chaozong surprised the world and was named “china white” by the describe dehua top white porcelain as “white as snow, thin as paper, bright as mirror” and describe dehua jianbai porcelain as “smooth and transparent as condensed lipid and frozen jade”.the porcelain kuanyin made in dehua is called “oriental venus”.e of hui-an women costumes
the costume culture of hui-an women dates back into the ancient y wore a yellow scarf, a blue short blouse, silver chain and large trousers, which are unique in the national costume blue short blouse displays the colour of sea and sky, the yellow bamboo hats symbol the land and beach;the flowery scarf indicates the movement of mountain flowers and sea blouses are tight and short, exposing the navel, displays their characters of being bold, flexible, but costume of hui-an women is always focused on the body above the waist, especially on the head decoration which differs in patterns, occasions and hui-an women attend weddings or ceremonies, the head decoration should be bright and colourful to display the “happiness”.the old women of hui-an usually have a bob on the back of the head and wear a black scarf with pins decorated with beads and flowers, which displays a unique ou opera culture
dacheng play
dacheng play is also named fashi play, monk play, douist play and originated from the religion and folk activities in by combining buddhist and taoist activities, it is a religious play, rarely seen in play provides religious services for both buddhism and g play was born in quanzhou and nourished by quanzhou folk arts, and is especially deeply influenced by thread controlled puppet emerging as a new play, it has displayed its uniqueness in southern fujian folk operas due to its super kongfu and g play is known for its kongfu which applies quanzhou south shaolin opera has preserved lots of folk stunts, acrobatics and adopting taoist and buddhist music, and “puppet melody” of thread controlled puppets, the music of the opera displays a unique religious opera
quanzhou liyuan opera is a rare and valuable opera in china, because it still preserves the characteristics of southern opera from tang and song ating in quanzhou, it has spread to taiwan and the southeast asian countries in the footsteps of the emigrants from preserved a large repertoire of southern opera from song, yuan and ming dynasties, liyuan opera has been called the “living fossil” of opera and is one of the oldest operas existing in opera is sung by quan has preserved a lot of important music from tang dynasty and song dynasty and is closely related with the ancient music--southern music of liyuan opera is mainly played by the bamboo flute and string music (southern tone)
nanyin(southern tone)is an old and beautiful music and is called the “root of the chinese national music”.quanzhou is the cradle of the southern has become very popular, after it was enriched, matured and optimized by absorbing the strengths from central china culture, fujian culture and maritime ed in quanzhou, southern tone has not only extended to southern fujian province where southern fujian dialect is spoken, but also spread to the southeast asian countries, hong kong, macao and passing from one generation to another, it has become increasingly popular as a “home tone” full of strong passion for the loving the hometown and the chinese and foreign scholars have complimented quanzhou southern tone as the “treasure in the chinese classic music”.