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元阳梯田导游词800字篇一
你们好,欢迎你们来到红河旅游,我是你们的导游
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元阳梯田位于云南省元阳县的哀牢山南部,是哈尼族人世世代代留下的杰作。元阳哈尼族开垦的梯田随山势地形变化,因地制宜,坡缓地大则开垦大田,坡陡地小则开垦小田,甚至沟边坎下石隙也开田,因而梯田大者有数亩,小者仅有簸箕大,往往一坡就有成千上万亩。元阳梯田规模宏大,气势磅礴,绵延整个红河南岸的红河、元阳、绿春及金平等县,仅元阳县境内就有17万亩梯田,是红河哈尼梯田的核心区。20xx年(癸巳年)6月22日在第37届世界遗产大会上哈尼梯田被成功列入世界遗产名录,成为我国第45处世界遗产,使
中国超越西班牙成第二大世界遗产国,仅次于意大利。各位朋友,现在我们来到了位于哀牢山南部红河哈尼族彝族自治州,被誉为“哈尼人的天梯”的元阳梯田。每年晚冬是这里农民最忙的季节,因蓄水养田所呈现的光影色彩,也成为了看梯田最美的季节。元阳县以梯田稻作为主,被明代农学家徐光启列为
中国农耕史上的七大田制之一。早在1320xx年前的唐朝,哈尼族就来到了哀牢山南部沟壑纵横、“地无三分平”的山区定居,凭着坚忍不拔的毅力,利用这里垂直气候明显、雨量充沛、适合稻种的特点,经过53代人的辛勤劳作,在山间开垦出了梯田并沿用至今。元阳梯田有四绝:一是形式多,每片山坡上都布满了形状各异的梯田,大的可达10多亩,小者仅有簸箕大。二是地势陡,我们知道,大于25度的耕地一般都要求退耕还林,但在这里,从15度的缓坡到75度的峭壁上都能看见梯田,可谓巧夺天工。三是级数多,一面坡上竟能开垦3000多级阶梯,极大地提高了耕地质量和数量。四是海拔高,山区地形呈“v”形分布,海拔高度2795米,达到水稻种植的最高点。这里的水稻品种上佳、不施农肥,为有机农业的发展
提供了良好的基础。云南连续3年大旱,这里的山里看不到任何水源地,而梯田中的水是从何而来呢?哈尼人民说“山有多高,水有多高”。在低纬度河谷常年高温使江河的水大量蒸发,到了高空受到冷气团的冷却,形成云雾终年缠绕于山间,云雾钻入全县6万多公顷的森林中,形成水滴汇成小溪,形成骨干沟渠4653条,
提供了全县所有梯田和人畜用水。这一结构被生态学家盛赞为“江河-森林-村寨-梯田”四度同构的良性农业生态循环系统。
各位朋友,现在我们来到了位于哀牢山南部红河哈尼族彝族自治州,被誉为“哈尼人的天梯”的元阳梯田。每年晚冬是这里农民最忙的季节,因蓄水养田所呈现的光影色彩,也成为了看梯田最美的季节。元阳县以梯田稻作为主,被明代农学家徐光启列为
中国农耕史上的七大田制之一。早在1320xx年前的唐朝,哈尼族就来到了哀牢山南部沟壑纵横、“地无三分平”的山区定居,凭着坚忍不拔的毅力,利用这里垂直气候明显、雨量充沛、适合稻种的特点,经过53代人的辛勤劳作,在山间开垦出了梯田并沿用至今。元阳梯田有四绝:一是形式多,每片山坡上都布满了形状各异的梯田,大的可达10多亩,小者仅有簸箕大。二是地势陡,我们知道,大于25度的耕地一般都要求退耕还林,但在这里,从15度的缓坡到75度的峭壁上都能看见梯田,可谓巧夺天工。三是级数多,一面坡上竟能开垦3000多级阶梯,极大地提高了耕地质量和数量。四是海拔高,山区地形呈“v”形分布,海拔高度2795米,达到水稻种植的最高点。这里的水稻品种上佳、不施农肥,为有机农业的发展
提供了良好的基础。云南连续3年大旱,这里的山里看不到任何水源地,而梯田中的水是从何而来呢?哈尼人民说“山有多高,水有多高”。在低纬度河谷常年高温使江河的水大量蒸发,到了高空受到冷气团的冷却,形成云雾终年缠绕于山间,云雾钻入全县6万多公顷的森林中,形成水滴汇成小溪,形成骨干沟渠4653条,
提供了全县所有梯田和人畜用水。这一结构被生态学家盛赞为“江河-森林-村寨-梯田”四度同构的良性农业生态循环系统。
在这直上云天的梯田里,哈尼族广种稻谷及各类杂粮瓜果。哈尼长街宴吃的东西全部都是来自梯田中的产品。每年10月10日左右的昂玛突节是哈尼族人民祭护寨神、拜龙求雨的节日,妇女们准备近40种风味的菜肴,各家男主人将鱼雀、竹笋、木耳、蘑菇等梯田中的特产和高粱焖锅酒端到指定的街心,一家摆一至二桌,家家户户桌连桌沿街摆,百来张桌子排在一起,恰似一条长龙,每年慕名而来看梯田美,吃哈尼菜的人络绎不绝。不论谁,只要您愿意都可以融入这浩浩龙宴之中,体验哈尼风情。哈尼族祖先把伟大力量和崇高人格镌刻于大山,哈尼子孙让幸福的长街宴、和睦亲善的民族品格飘香四方。元阳梯田和哈尼长街宴是哈尼农耕文化和民俗文化的缩影,是当地民族赖以生存的物质基础,也是人与自然和谐相处的精神家园。听小伙们沿街吹起了牛角号,姑娘们跳起了欢快的舞蹈,长街宴开始了,咱们看看去!
元阳梯田导游词800字篇二������î»ï¿½î¿í£ï¿½
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元阳梯田导游词800字篇三各位游客:
你们好,欢迎你们来到红河旅游,我是你们的导游_ 。
元阳梯田位于云南省元阳县的哀牢山南部,是哈尼族人世世代代留下的杰作。元阳哈尼族开垦的梯田随山势地形变化,因地制宜,坡缓地大则开垦大田,坡陡地小则开垦小田,甚至沟边坎下石隙也开田,因而梯田大者有数亩,小者仅有簸箕大,往往一坡就有成千上万亩。元阳梯田规模宏大,气势磅礴,绵延整个红河南岸的红河、元阳、绿春及金平等县,仅元阳县境内就有17万亩梯田,是红河哈尼梯田的核心区。20xx年(癸巳年)6月22日在第37届世界遗产大会上哈尼梯田被成功列入世界遗产名录,成为我国第45处世界遗产,使中国超越西班牙成第二大世界遗产国,仅次于意大利。各位朋友,现在我们来到了位于哀牢山南部红河哈尼族彝族自治州,被誉为“哈尼人的天梯”的元阳梯田。每年晚冬是这里农民最忙的季节,因蓄水养田所呈现的光影色彩,也成为了看梯田最美的季节。元阳县以梯田稻作为主,被明代农学家徐光启列为中国农耕史上的七大田制之一。早在1300年前的唐朝,哈尼族就来到了哀牢山南部沟壑纵横、“地无三分平”的山区定居,凭着坚忍不拔的毅力,利用这里垂直气候明显、雨量充沛、适合稻种的特点,经过53代人的辛勤劳作,在山间开垦出了梯田并沿用至今。元阳梯田有四绝:一是形式多,每片山坡上都布满了形状各异的梯田,大的可达10多亩,小者仅有簸箕大。二是地势陡,我们知道,大于25度的耕地一般都要求退耕还林,但在这里,从15度的缓坡到75度的峭壁上都能看见梯田,可谓巧夺天工。三是级数多,一面坡上竟能开垦3000多级阶梯,极大地提高了耕地质量和数量。四是海拔高,山区地形呈“v”形分布,海拔高度2795米,达到水稻种植的最高点。这里的水稻品种上佳、不施农肥,为有机农业的发展提供了良好的基础。云南连续3年大旱,这里的山里看不到任何水源地,而梯田中的水是从何而来呢?哈尼人民说“山有多高,水有多高”。在低纬度河谷常年高温使江河的水大量蒸发,到了高空受到冷气团的冷却,形成云雾终年缠绕于山间,云雾钻入全县6万多公顷的森林中,形成水滴汇成小溪,形成骨干沟渠4653条,提供了全县所有梯田和人畜用水。这一结构被生态学家盛赞为“江河—森林—村寨—梯田”四度同构的良性农业生态循环系统。
各位朋友,现在我们来到了位于哀牢山南部红河哈尼族彝族自治州,被誉为“哈尼人的天梯”的元阳梯田。每年晚冬是这里农民最忙的季节,因蓄水养田所呈现的光影色彩,也成为了看梯田最美的季节。
元阳县以梯田稻作为主,被明代农学家徐光启列为中国农耕史上的七大田制之一。早在1300年前的唐朝,哈尼族就来到了哀牢山南部沟壑纵横、“地无三分平”的山区定居,凭着坚忍不拔的毅力,利用这里垂直气候明显、雨量充沛、适合稻种的特点,经过53代人的辛勤劳作,在山间开垦出了梯田并沿用至今。元阳梯田有四绝:一是形式多,每片山坡上都布满了形状各异的梯田,大的可达10多亩,小者仅有簸箕大。二是地势陡,我们知道,大于25度的耕地一般都要求退耕还林,但在这里,从15度的缓坡到75度的峭壁上都能看见梯田,可谓巧夺天工。三是级数多,一面坡上竟能开垦3000多级阶梯,极大地提高了耕地质量和数量。四是海拔高,山区地形呈“v”形分布,海拔高度2795米,达到水稻种植的最高点。这里的水稻品种上佳、不施农肥,为有机农业的发展提供了良好的基础。云南连续3年大旱,这里的山里看不到任何水源地,而梯田中的水是从何而来呢?哈尼人民说“山有多高,水有多高”。在低纬度河谷常年高温使江河的水大量蒸发,到了高空受到冷气团的冷却,形成云雾终年缠绕于山间,云雾钻入全县6万多公顷的森林中,形成水滴汇成小溪,形成骨干沟渠4653条,提供了全县所有梯田和人畜用水。这一结构被生态学家盛赞为“江河—森林—村寨—梯田”四度同构的良性农业生态循环系统。
在这直上云天的梯田里,哈尼族广种稻谷及各类杂粮瓜果。哈尼长街宴吃的东西全部都是来自梯田中的产品。每年10月10日左右的昂玛突节是哈尼族人民祭护寨神、拜龙求雨的节日,妇女们准备近40种风味的菜肴,各家男主人将鱼雀、竹笋、木耳、蘑菇等梯田中的特产和高粱焖锅酒端到指定的街心,一家摆一至二桌,家家户户桌连桌沿街摆,百来张桌子排在一起,恰似一条长龙,每年慕名而来看梯田美,吃哈尼菜的人络绎不绝。不论谁,只要您愿意都可以融入这浩浩龙宴之中,体验哈尼风情。哈尼族祖先把伟大力量和崇高人格镌刻于大山,哈尼子孙让幸福的长街宴、和睦亲善的民族品格飘香四方。元阳梯田和哈尼长街宴是哈尼农耕文化和民俗文化的缩影,是当地民族赖以生存的物质基础,也是人与自然和谐相处的精神家园。听小伙们沿街吹起了牛角号,姑娘们跳起了欢快的舞蹈,长街宴开始了,咱们看看去!
元阳梯田导游词800字篇四
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山有多高、水有多高、田有多高,这如诗如画、巧夺天工的大地艺术,就是红河哈尼梯田。水绕着田,田依着寨,人居与农耕和谐交融,这千层叠翠的美好家园,正是北回归线上的绿色生态明珠。
红河哈尼梯田已有1300多年的历史,据史料记载,在唐代,梯田开垦已达相当规模,明代大农学家徐光启,在其著作《农政全书》中将红河哈尼梯田列为
中国农耕史上的七大田制之一。
红河哈尼梯田,是以哈尼族为主的各族人民,利用当地“一山分四季,十里不同天”独特的地理气候条件,创造的农耕文明。红河哈尼梯田主要分布于红河哀牢山南段的元阳、绿春、红河、金平等县,规模近7万公倾,仅世界遗产申报地元阳县境内就有19万亩,集中连片的达700公顷,其中以多依树梯田、牛角寨梯田、麻栗寨梯田,勐品梯田最具代表性,气势宏伟,蔚为壮观。
在依山而建的哈尼村寨的上方,茂密的森林是哈尼人民的水源地,村寨的下方是梯田,为人的生存奉献粮食,中间是人们生活的村寨居所。在这三者之间,经过
精心保护的森林中渗出水流,通过自成一体的灌溉
网络通向村庄,再流入梯田,田灌满以后再以田为渠流向河谷。梯田中的水和河谷中的水蒸发而上,在山腰受来自南面海洋性季风和海拔高低悬殊的气候影响而形成云海水分被森林充分吸纳,化为云雾阴雨贮于高山丛林,在林中汇成无数的水潭和溪流、被哈尼人民在半山腰截流而成特殊的灌溉水系。如此循环反复,生生不息。在申报地元阳县境内的哈尼梯田,没有一座水库,却拥有充分的水源,这科学的水系和良性生态令人惊叹。
人的命根子是田,田的命根子是水,水的命根子是森林和树木,为此,哈尼人民崇拜自然、崇拜树木,以树为神,将森林分为水源林和寨神林,这两种树林任何时候禁止砍伐,否则,乡规民约将给予制裁。这种特殊的乡规民约对保护梯田、保护森林、保护生态环境起到了重要作用。智慧的哈尼祖先在半山腰水源充足、温暖向阳的山坡上选择建寨的最佳位置,形成村落,以梯田田埂和水渠水沟为交通要道连接村寨与村寨。森林、村寨、梯田、江河形成自然和谐的景色。以高山森林为源泉把水引入村中的供人畜饮用,同时,利用水流经过村寨,在房前屋后建起了水碾、水磨和水碓,充分利用水能的作用,节省劳力,为家庭生活服务。哈尼先民还发明了“自然冲肥”法,通过水沟将自家门口的肥料化在水中,冲到田里,既减少劳动强度,又合理利用水资料。
这块有着1300多年的分水石刻就是哈尼祖先创造的水的法律,看似简单的分水刻度,将水按浇灌的需要,合理的进行分配,这种哈尼梯田独特而又科学的用水方法,保证了每块梯田公平而合理的得到充分的肥料和水量。有了“木刻分水法”的存在,哈尼人民从不为水而闹纠纷。
梯田是哈尼人赖以生存的物质基础。哈尼族的农耕技术、宗教习俗、乡规民约、民居建筑、节日庆典、服饰歌舞、文学,无不以梯田为核心,处处渗透出梯田文化的
精神,更包含在哈尼族每年以农耕为中心的三大节日之中。
春天来临的时候,哈尼人民庆祝隆重的祭寨神“昂玛突”节日,举行农耕仪式,以村寨为单位祭拜天地、自然神,在街心摆起长街宴,吃团结饭,喝同心酒,祈求天地赐福百姓,一年一度的农耕活动由此拉开序幕。夏季6月的“石乞扎扎节”,插完秧苗的哈尼人民,敲锣击鼓,撵磨秋,荡秋千,祭祀天地,请神与人同乐,预祝哈尼梯田无灾无祸,粮食丰收。
金秋时节的“车朗嘎通十月节”,哈尼人民庆祝梯田丰收,感激天地,祈祷来年子嗣安康,人畜兴旺。
千百年来哈尼人民崇拜自然,认识自然,顺应自然,改造自然,变自然生态为农业生态,将森林、村庄、梯田、水系四个要素和谐统一,科学而又实际,既解决了吃饭生存问题,又使环境得到了保护。1300多年来,这个生态系统养育了这方水土的哈尼族、彝族、苗族、瑶族、傣族、壮族、汉族等世居民族,各民族互帮互助,成为红河哈尼梯田一道美丽的人文风景线。
江河——森林——村寨——梯田以及哈尼族以梯田农耕活动为核心的人居环境的选择、独特的农耕技术、以及相关的保护生态的民俗活动,它所蕴涵的人与自然高度和谐发展、人与人和睦相亲的古老文化特征正是21世纪人类回归自然所追求的一种
精神,具有无可替代的保护和科学研究价值。红河哈尼梯田所创造的大地景观艺术,是自然景观和民族文化的完美结合,具有令世人震憾的美学意义。
红河哈尼梯田,是申报地民族发展的历史见证,是活的文化生态系统,是人类智慧的结晶。它不仅是属于中国的,而且是属于世界的,应该得到世界的珍惜和保护。哈尼梯田期待着全人类的关注和热爱。
红河哈尼梯田,通向人与自然和谐发展的天梯。元阳梯田导游词800字篇六
元阳哈尼梯田主要有3大景区:坝达景区包括箐口、全福庄、麻栗寨、主鲁等连片1。4万多亩的梯田,老虎嘴景区包括勐品、硐浦、阿勐控、保山寨等近6000亩梯田,多依树景区包括多依树、爱春、大瓦遮等连片上万亩梯田。如此众多的梯田,在茫茫森林的掩映中,在漫漫云海的覆盖下,构成了神奇壮丽的景观。
元阳梯田分布较广,除了上述三大景区以外,还有大坪乡小坪子梯田,逢春岭乡尼枯浦梯田、老曹寨梯田、大鱼塘梯田,小新街乡石碑寨梯田、大拉卡梯田,嘎娘乡大伍寨梯田、苦鲁寨梯田,上新城乡下新城梯田、瓦灰城梯田,沙拉托乡坡头梯田,马街乡瑶寨梯田,等等,都是几千近万亩的梯田,形状各异,各具特色,但因路远、交通不便而很少有旅游者涉足。
自20世纪80年代以来,元阳哈尼族梯田的知名度日渐提高,从封闭的哀牢山走向全国,走向世界。国内外专家学者和游客纷至沓来。在1993年的第一次国际哈尼族文化研讨
会期间,中国、荷兰、日本、美国、英国、泰国等10多个国家的100多名代表参观过胜村乡全福庄哈尼梯田,深为其景观的壮丽与文化的丰富所折服。1995年,法国人类学家欧也纳博士也来元阳观览老虎嘴梯田,面对脚下万亩梯田,欧也纳博士激动不已,久久不肯离去,他称赞:“哈尼族的梯田是真正的大地艺术,是真正的大地雕塑,而哈尼族就是真正的大地艺术家!”无论登上元阳随便哪一座山顶,都能看到充满在大地之间的,那如山如海汹涌而来的都是梯田。
一座座的“田山”,仿佛就是一部非文字的巨型史书,直观地展示了哈尼先民在自然与社会双重压力下、顽强抗争、繁衍生息的漫长历史。哈尼族古老的《天。地。人的传说》中说:大鱼创造了宇宙天地和第一对人,男人叫直塔,女人叫塔婆;塔婆生下22个娃,其中老三是龙,龙长大以后到海里当了龙王,为感激塔婆的养育之恩,向塔婆敬献了三竹筒东西,其中一筒里盛有稻谷种。也就是说,哈尼人认为,自开天辟地以来便有了稻子。说明哈尼人是最早驯化野生稻的民族之一,水稻种植是哈尼人古老的生产内容。千百年来,哈尼族将哀牢山区三江流域的野生稻驯化为陆稻,又将陆稻改良为水稻,在得天独厚的生态环境中,使三江流域成为人类早期驯化栽培稻谷的地区之一。
2013年6月22日,云南红河元阳哈尼梯田申遗在柬埔寨首都金边举行的第37届世界遗产大会通过审议,将中国云南红河哈尼梯田文化景观列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。云南省元阳县举行庆祝活动。哈尼梯田规模最大、最集中的三个片区均在元阳县,包括老虎嘴、坝达、多依树。
元阳梯田导游词800字篇七
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元阳梯田导游词800字篇八
“七彩云南,山水田园!”各位游客朋友,欢迎大家到元阳梯田来游览观光。在20世纪80年代后期,有一些西方人在卫星云图上发现,中国云南的东部有一大片神秘的白色亮点,随后就吸引了法国专家特意到云南进行勘察,最后发现那个地球上的大白亮点就是元阳梯田。元阳梯田位于云南省元阳县,它规模宏大,气势磅礴,仅元阳县境内就有17万亩梯田,是红河哈尼梯田的核心区。2013年,在第37届世界遗产大会上,哈尼梯田被成功列人世界文化景观遗产名录。
各位游客朋友,元阳梯田是哈尼族人1000多年来生生不息地“雕刻”的山水田园风光画。法国的欧也纳博士曾经来到元阳参观游览,他面对着脚下的万亩梯田,久久不肯离去,发出了:“哈尼族的梯田是真正的大地艺术,是真正的大地雕塑,而哈尼族就是真正的大地艺术家!”的绝美赞叹。那么这样一件艺术精品是怎么来的呢?早在唐朝,哈尼族就来到了元阳,利用这里的垂直气候明显、雨量充沛、适合种稻的特点,再结合山势地形变化,因地制宜地在坡缓大的地方开垦大田,坡陡小的地方开垦小田。不仅如此,勤劳的哈尼族人还在沟边坎下的石隙也开田。就这样经过哈尼族人世世代代辛勤劳作,最后就形成了现在的壮观元阳梯田。
各位游客朋友,元阳梯田一共有“五绝”。这第一绝就是形式多:在这里的每片山坡上都布满了形状各异的梯田,其中小的有簸箕那样大,大的高达六七千平方米。这第二绝就是地势陡:一般坡度大于25度的耕地都要求退耕还林,但在这里,无论是15度的缓坡,还是75度的峭壁,我们都能看见梯田,在这里我们就不得不佩服哈尼族人的智慧了!这第三绝就是级数多:在这里一面坡上大约就有3000多级阶梯,这个极大地提高了耕地质量和数量。这第四绝就是海拔高:山区地形呈v形分布,海拔已经达到了2000多米,这可是水稻种植的极限了。这第五绝就是品种佳:哈尼梯田生产出来的水稻,是没有施过化肥的,他们使用的都是牲畜的粪便。哈尼族人利用村寨在上,梯田在下的地理优势,发明了“冲肥法”。在这里的每个村寨都挖有一个公用积肥塘,主要是用来储蓄牛马牲畜的粪便和污水用的。经年累月,沤得乌黑发臭,这就成为天然高效的农家肥。每到春耕的时候,他们就会挖开塘口,再从大沟中放水把这些“营养品”冲到田里。
各位游客朋友,大家都知道对于农作物来说,相较于肥,这水是更加重要的,那么这水又是从哪里来的呢?在哈尼族里面有这样的一句话“山有多高,水有多高”。低纬度河谷的常年髙温会使得江河的水大量蒸发,水蒸气到了高空就会冷却形成云雾。这云雾钻入全县6万多公顷的森林中,又会形成水滴汇成小溪,最后就形成这里许多的骨干沟渠,保证了全县所有梯田和人畜的用水。
各位游客朋友,现在的元阳哈尼梯田主要有新街景区、坝达景区、勐品景区、多依树等景区。这些景区目前准备申报世界遗产的核心保护区。那么接下里就请大家随我走进景区进行参观游览吧!
现在我们来到的就是新街景区了。新街景区就位于元阳县南部,距离省城昆明大约为300多千米,原本是元阳县政治、经济、文化中心,县城搬迁后现在属于新街镇管辖。在这里众多的自然景观里最负盛名的就是日出了。住新街瞭望四方,一片白茫茫云海展现。唯见波涛滚滚,不闻浪有声,海中点缀着大小几个青翠山头,欲沉似浮,红日东升,五彩缤纷,壮观难书,美景难言。我们知道,登泰山观日出^一一无海,海上观日出又少了山的壮美无限。这里山、海、梯田、山寨、凤尾竹俱全,与阳光共辉。新街的确是观赏、拍摄日出日落云海、梯田、山城的好地方。
现在我们来到的就是坝达景区了。坝达梯田位于元阳县的新街镇南部,也是观赏日落、云海风光著名的景点之一。埂达梯田是元阳最大的一处梯田区,包括全福装、麻栗寨、主鲁等连片上万亩的梯田,这里的梯田面积大、壮观、线条美、立体感强,从海拔1100米麻栗寨河起连绵不断,直伸延至2000多米的高山之巍。随着时间和光线的不同,上万亩的梯田还会泛着不同颜色的光辉,震撼至极。
各位游客朋友,我们现在来到的就是元阳梯田最险峻的的老虎嘴景区了,大家可以站在老虎嘴向下观赏,整个地形是不是就呈现出两山夹一川的面貌呢?除此之外,梯田的颜色的层次感也是非常的强烈,五彩斑斓,就像是人画上去的,所以这里也是摄影者的挚爱。那么接下来请大家在这里稍作休息,拍出美丽的照片作为一生留恋吧!
元阳梯田导游词800字篇九
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