在日常的学习、工作、生活中,肯定对各类范文都很熟悉吧。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的范文呢?以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文,仅供参考,一起来看看吧
大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇一
大家好,欢迎各位来到大足石刻,这天将有我带领大家游览大足石刻。首先做一个自我介绍,我姓温,大家能够叫我温导,也能够亲切一点二直接叫我小温,其次女人,我对各位来到这儿表示欢迎,并预祝各位旅途愉快。
大足石刻是我们重庆唯一的世界文化遗产,现存唐宋摩岩造像6万余尊,与敦煌、云岗、龙门、麦积山四大著名石刻不公保存冠好,艺术精湛,而且到达了中国石刻艺术的巅峰。
我们正在往著名的宝顶山走去,让我们去一睹观宝顶山的风采。大家快看,前面就是有名的——千手观音。千手观音的1007只手屈伸离合,参差错落,有如流光闪烁的孔雀开屏。千手观音还有一个美丽的传说,大家想听吗?
古时妙庄玉有三们漂亮的色主,长女妙金,二女妙银,最小的叫妙善,她从小虔诚信佛,出家当尼姑,妙庄王一怒之下,拆庙宇,赶和尚。惊动了天神?长了五个大脓疮,医生说要治此病需亲生骨肉的一手一眼配药才能治好,妙善知后,毅然献出一手一眼,治好了妙庄王的病,如来佛深为感动,赐她千手千眼。
下面,我们再看看另外一组。这些石刻合起来叫《父母恩重经变相》。它把父母养育儿女的过程,从怀孕、临产、哺乳到儿女长大成人、婚嫁、离别……分别用十一组雕像来表现,每一组表示一个主题,石刻把人物形象和思想感情都刻画得十分生动、形象、具体、细腻,并都有文字说明,仿佛在欣赏一幅幅古连环图画,大家有这样的感觉吗?哈哈。
此外,里面还有的故事很有教育,如:《牧牛道场》、《九龙浴太子》……你们看后必须空受益匪浅!
我带领大家的参观到此结束,请大家自由参观,注意保护文物和持续环境卫生哟!
大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇二
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大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇三
游客朋友们:
现在我们来到大足石刻精华之所在——宝顶山。
宝顶山位于大足县城龙岗镇东北15公里处的宝顶镇,海拔527.83米。宝顶山石刻包括以圣寿寺为中心的大佛湾、小佛湾造像,由号称"第六代祖师传密印"的赵智凤于公元1174—1252年间(南宋淳熙至炉子佑年间)。历时70余年,有总体构思组织开凿而成,是一座造像近万尊的大型佛教密宗道场。同时,也是大足石刻精华之所在,并把中国石窟艺术推上了最高峰。
圣寿寺依山构筑,雄伟状观。南宋赵智凤创建,后遭元、明兵燹,明、精两度重修。现存山门、天王殿、帝释殿、大雄殿、三世佛殿、燃灯殿和维摩殿七重殿宇,为清代重建,建筑面积1631.68平方米。
大佛湾位于对寿寺左下一个形似"u"字形的山湾。崖面长约500米,高约8—25米。造像刻于东、南、北三面崖壁上,通编为31号。其内容前后连接,无一雷同,尤如一幅图文并茂的画卷。
小佛湾位于圣寿寺右侧,坐南面北,其主要建筑为一座石彻的坛台,高2.31米,东西宽16.50米,进深7.90米。坛台上用条石彻成石壁、石室,其上遍刻佛、菩萨像,通编为9号。
宝顶山石刻表现出有异于中国前期石窟多方面的特点:
1、宝顶山石刻是中国罕见的大型佛教密宗石窟道场。大佛湾是为广大世俗众生进行说教的外道场,小佛湾是信徒受戒、修行的内院,体系完备而有特色。在石窟的显著部位,图文并茂地刻有号称"唐瑜伽部主总持王"柳本尊的行化事迹图,并在二十多处造像的主尊位置刻柳本尊、赵智凤"即身成佛"的形象。
2、宝顶山石刻的表现形式在石窟艺术中独树一帜。大佛湾数千尊造像题材不重复,龛窟间既有教义上的内在联系,又有形式上的相互衔接,形成一个有机的整体。其内容始之以六趣唯心,终之以柳本尊正觉成佛。其间有教有理,有行有果,形成系统。经变相对应配刻经文、偈语、颂词等,图文并茂,且与藏经有异,是历代藏经未收入的藏外佛教石刻文献,对佛教典籍的研究具有重要学术价值。
3、造像注重阐述哲理,把佛教的基本教义与中国儒家的伦理、理学的心性及道教的学说融为一体,兼收博采,显示了中国宋代佛学思想的特色。
4、宝顶山石刻是中国石窟艺术民族化、生活化的典范。造像内容和表手法都力求生活化。如父母恩重经变相通过求子、怀胎、临产,以及养育子女的过程,形象生动,感人肺腑。牧牛图长达30余米,刻出林泉山涧,云雾缭绕,其间穿插"十牛、十牧",抒情诗般地再现了牧牛生活。又如横笛独奏的"吹笛女",充满内心喜悦的"养鸡女",酒后昏乱的"父子不识"、"夫妻不识"、"兄弟不识"、"姐妹不识"的"醉酒图"等等,无不活灵活现。雕刻大师们体验生活之精微,再现生活之准确,令人叹服。
5、宝顶山石刻是石窟艺术的集大成之作,在诸方面都有创造性的发展。造像以能慑服人心为其创作原则,借以激发信众对佛法的虔诚。造像、装饰、布局、排水、采光、支撑、透视等,都十分注重形式美和意境美。如千手观音1007只手屈伸离合、参差错落,有如流光闪烁的孔雀开屏。这不但是中国千手观音之最,也是世界佛教艺术中一大奇观。释迦涅般像,又称卧佛,全长31米,只露半身,其构图有"意到笔伏,画外之画"之妙,给人以藏而不露的美感。
这是中国山水画于有限中见无限这一传统美学思想的成功运用。地狱变相龛刻阴森恐怖的十八层地狱;牛头马面狰狞强悍,受罪人呼天号地;尖刀、锯解、油锅、寒冰、沸汤诸般酷刑惨不忍睹,令人触目惊心。圆觉洞内的数十尊造像刻工精细,衣衫如丝似绸,台座酷似木雕。洞口上方开一天窗采光,光线直射窟心,使洞内明暗相映,神秘莫测。高大的华严三圣像依崖屹立,身向前倾,成功地避免了透视变形,袈裟绉褶舒展,披肩持肘,直至脚下,支撑手臂,使文殊手中所托数百斤重的石塔历千年而不下堕。九龙浴太子图利用崖上的自然山泉,于岩壁上方刻九龙,导泉水至中央龙口而出,让涓涓清泉长年不断地洗涤着释迦太子,给造像平添了一派生机,堪称因地制宜的典范。
大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇四
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大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇五
在来到大足石刻之前,我先简单介绍一下大足石刻:大足石刻位于重庆市西北的大足县,也就是我们这时所处的位置。大足石刻群有石刻造像10多处,总计呢?有10万多躯,其中以宝顶山和北山摩崖石刻最为著名,是中国晚期石窟造像的典范。石刻规模之大,内容之丰富,艺术之精湛,可与敦煌莫高窟,云冈石窟,龙门石窟,相提并论。我们旁边这座山是北山,也就逝龙岗山,一共有290龛窟,我们的车正向宝顶山方向行驶,请大家系好安全带,注意安全。
朋友们,宝顶山到了,请随我下车,我会便走边给大家讲解。宝顶山石刻共13处,造像数以万计,其中以大佛湾和小佛湾规模最大,是由19组佛经故事组成的大型群雕,各种雕像达15000多躯,设计之精湛,竟无一雷同,破了“千佛一面”之说。
我们马上就会到著名的千手观音的塑像前,请大家跟紧,小心路滑。
大家注意了,在我们前方就是“千手观音”的塑像了。这位观音比例均匀,肌肤线条柔和,脸部的雕刻尤其精细,脸庞圆润,略呈微笑状,神态动人;再加上服饰华丽,衣带飘舞,看到这里你是否有飘飘欲仙之感。大家知道吗,“千手观音”有多少条手呢?你们先数数吧!算了吧,我告诉大家,“千手观音”有1007只手,这么多手从上、左、右三个方向伸出,每只手都雕得纤美细柔,手里分别拿着斧头,宝剑、绳索等法器,千姿百态,无一雷同,非常壮观。现在请大家自由参观,十分钟,我在那儿等你们。
朋友们,看看纵贯千余载,横融佛道儒的石刻,想起浮想联翩的画面和中国悠久的文化历史,想到这些都逝代劳动人民血汗和智慧的结晶啊!
随着时间的流逝,这次旅行画上了圆满说完句号,希望以后有机会再慢慢欣赏。再见了!
大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇六
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大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇七
各位游客大家好!中国有句话说要活到老学到老,那来到了重庆呢,首先我们也要学习一下三个代表:第一、我谨代表重庆人民对各位远道而来的客人表示热烈的欢迎;第二、我谨代表我们朝阳旅行社欢迎大家参加本次快乐之旅,欢迎,欢迎。第三个代表呢是我代表我本人和司机师傅,做个简单的介绍,我姓冉,大家可以叫我小冉。我长的虽然称不上是沉鱼落雁,闭月羞花,但是我的笑容绝对的灿烂,我对工作绝对的是认真负责!那接下来呢,我要为大家隆重的介绍一下在我们本次旅游中占有绝对重要位置的人,那就是为我们保驾护航的司机刘师傅,我们业内呢,有这样的说法,司机到了吉林是急着开,到了蒙古是猛开,到了上海是胡开,那有没有人能想到来了我们重庆是怎么开啊?还是我来接开谜底吧,我们重庆的师傅呢,比较特殊,他们是在黑白两道都能开,为什么这样说呢,那就要说到我们重庆的气候了,“春有百花秋有月,夏有凉风冬有雾”,所以呢我们的师傅是黑白两道都混的很熟,所以大家对我们这几天的行车安全尽可以放心了。我相信这次的大足之旅我们都会游的尽兴而归。
大足以“大丰大足”而得名,是驰名中外的“石刻之乡”、“五金之乡”,全国首批甲级开放县,国家确定的长江三峡旅游县的起点,全国生态农业先进县,重庆市对外开放的重要窗口。全县有40多处石刻,造像达5万多个。大足石刻是唐末、宋初时期的宗教摩崖石刻,以佛教题材为主,尤以北山摩崖造像和宝顶山摩崖造像最为著名,是我国晚唐以后石窟艺术的代表作。在我国古代石窟艺术史上占有举足轻重的地位,被国内外誉为神奇的东方艺术明珠,是天才的艺术,是一座独具特色的世界文化遗产的宝库,是一座开发潜力巨大的旅游金矿,是旅游观光的上佳去处。
大家都非常期待对不对,我看到那位游客都有些等不及了。不要慌,大家跟着我的脚步。好,跟我出发,现在我们就去观赏宝顶山摩崖造像。
宝顶山摩崖造像始凿于南宋年间,四周2.5千米内山岩上遍刻佛像,包括以寿寺为中心的大佛湾、小佛湾造像。以大足大佛湾为主体,小佛湾次之,大家可以看到都分布在东、南、北三面。大家在仔细看看巨型雕刻多少幅呢?看了答对有奖哦。对,恭喜这位游客,是360余幅。以六道轮回,广大宝楼阁、华严二圣像、千手观音像等最为著名。它的.刻艺这么精湛,大家一定很想知道是谁构思的呢?很不错,大家观察都非常仔细。宝顶石刻是由号称“第六代祖师传密印”的赵智凤总体构思组织开凿而成,是一座造像近万尊的大型佛教密宗道场。
大家请往这边看,这是柳本尊佛。柳本尊名居直。传说是因为当年乐山城北有一棵大柳树,那柳树长的一个大疫瘤逐年长大,后来那瘪瘪裂开,生出一个婴儿。被嘉州地方官收养,出家前名居直;出家后,前往弥牟、广汉、成都、新津等地设教坛,弘扬密教,专持大轮五部密咒,苦修炼,成正果,为信徒、弟子鼓吹得神乎其神,成为贤圣祖师。 赵智凤青少年时代生活环境、出家情况、人生道路、追随的地方宗教等,与柳本尊相近,终于成为柳的传人,于是在宝顶山建造了“柳本尊十炼图”,还留下柳氏传碑1通。 大家过来参观“柳本尊十炼图”,它高20米,宽24米,分三层,大家过来数数,看是不是有14幅画面呢,不错,这就是神话当年柳祖的修炼历程。
接下来我们就着重去参观一下大佛湾。
大家看到那边的一个形似“u”字形的山湾就是大佛湾了。崖面长约500米,高约8~25米。造像刻于东、南、北三面崖壁上,通编为31号。依次刻护法神像、六道轮回图、广大宝楼阁、世家三尊、千手观音、佛传故事、释迦涅磐圣迹图、九龙浴太子、孔雀明王经变相、毗卢洞、父母恩重经变相、雷音图、大方便佛报恩经变相、观无量寿佛经变相、六耗图、地狱变相、柳本尊行化图、十大明王、牧牛图、圆觉洞、柳本尊正觉像等。全部造像图文并茂,无一重复。
相信大家早已经注意到了,那三尊擎天柱般的立像,非常醒目。中为毗卢舍那佛,左右为文殊、普贤二菩萨。三尊像合称世家三尊。大家估量一下它有多高?它高7米、肩宽2.9米、胸厚1.4米。头顶崖檐,脚踏莲台,袈裟皱褶如刀斧劈出,看起来舒展自如。居中的毗卢舍那佛螺髻金身,顶现毫光,左手结印,右手平伸。毗卢舍那为梵文音译。意译为光明普照,大日。密宗认为,毗卢舍那即大日如来(摩河毗卢舍那),身上可以具现上天下地的一切,是理智不二的法身佛,为密宗崇尊的主要偶像。佛教认为,佛有法身、应身、报身三种身。一般指法身佛为毗卢舍那佛,应身佛为释迦牟尼佛,报身佛为卢舍那佛。法身相对生身而言。释迦由生到死是生身。死后生身虽不存在,但其功德和法性是永恒的,他悟得的真理,传播的言教,即法是永存的。由于有法才有佛存在,所以佛以法为身,称为法身。
毗卢舍那佛左侧的普贤头戴五佛宝冠,手捧舍利宝塔。右侧的文殊亦头戴花冠,左手掌中托七重宝塔,右手扶塔身。值得注意的是,此塔虽高1.8米,重约千斤,却历千年不坠。这是由于艺术大师们利用菩萨袈裟,把一幅大衣襟搭在右臂的手腕上斜着下垂,与膝部相接,使塔的重力经袈裟落传到脚下的基座上,
而不是全凭悬空的手掌承受的缘故。如此巧妙地处理,无疑是古代大师成功地把建筑力学运用于艺术创作中的典范。普贤和文殊都是中国佛教四大菩萨之一。佛教认为,普贤有大行,专司理、德,相传其显灵说法的道场在四川峨眉山,艺术形象多骑白象。文殊有大智,专司智慧相传其显灵说法的道场在山西五台山,艺术形象多骑雄狮。《华严经》把普贤和文殊同作为佛的胁侍。
在世家三尊像后壁,还有八十一个小圆龛。每个小圆龛直径0.76米。大家可以看到龛内均有一小佛像。加上毗卢舍那佛和舍利塔上的六尊小佛,大家猜一猜共有多少佛呢?很难了,其实共有八十八佛。此外,在三像之间,立有一通《宋宇文配诗碑》。碑高1.74米、宽0.91米。诗四句二十八字,跋后六十字。大家现在就到后面去看看,它里面到底蕴藏了一些什么呢?大家可以看到,赵智宗,可能是赵智凤之俗名,赵智凤为法名。宋宇文是与赵智凤同时的昌州刺史,四川双流人。因此,仅管此碑跋语甚短,确是考定宝顶石窟年代的铁证,值得珍视。
好了,今天的快乐之旅就到此结束了。一路走来我们欢声笑语,相信大家都满载而归,认识了这么多的朋友,是一次值得的旅行。大足石刻特有的魅力,吸引着广大中外游客,成为举世闻名的旅游胜地。随着旅游业的发展,它会焕发出新的生机。我们会以更优质的旅游服务、更优美的旅游环境迎接着大家下一次的到来!
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大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇九
大家好!欢迎来到大足石刻,我是你们的导游 。我将带大家一起游览大足石刻这一世界文化遗产。
大足石刻位于重庆市大足县景内,始建于唐末、宋初。大足石刻群拥有石刻造像70多处,总计10万多驱。其中以宝顶山和北山石刻最为著名。是中国晚期石窟像艺术的典范,是一座难得的文化艺术宝库
首先,我们最为关注的是在宝顶山石刻的千手观音。千手观音形体匀称,色彩鲜艳。 它有1007只手,它身上都贴有金光闪闪的金薄。它的背后上上下、左左右右、前前后后都伸出了上千只纤美的手,有的手里拿着斧头,有的手拿着宝剑、还有的手拿着绳索等法器。千姿百态,无一雷同, 如孔雀开屏般的美丽。
据了解,在民间还流传着一个动人的故事,说她是妙庄王的三公主,因献一手一眼为父王合药治病,佛感其孝行,赏还她千手千眼。因此,千手象征其法力无边,能拯救众生;千眼象征其智慧无穷,能明察秋毫。
其次,是宝顶卧佛是宝顶大佛湾最大的一尊造像,也是大足石刻最大的一尊造像。叫释迦涅盘圣迹图。“涅盘”实际上就是死了的意思,但它和一般人所说的死又不一样。涅盘是佛教的最高境界。释迦头北脚南,背东面西,右侧而卧。两眼半开半闭,似睡非睡,安祥,平静。在释迦面前从地里涌出18弟子,或内向,或外向,或合掌而立,或手捧香花水果,或手持如意,或侧首伫望,皆作悲恸状。表现了弟子对逝者崇敬厚爱而依依眷恋之情。
今天时间有限,下面请大家自由参见,注意安全,保护环境卫生,谢谢大家的支持,与合作,希望大家度过这个美好的时光。
大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇十
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大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇十一
各位旅客朋友们,大家好。欢迎大家来到大足石刻观光旅游,我是负责你们今天讲解的导游员——向晶,大家可以叫我小向,在本次的旅途中我将秉着“热心、负责”的理念全程为大家提供优质的服务,预祝大家本次石刻之旅丰富多彩,有趣难忘,大家都能高兴而来,满意而归。
游客朋友们,在游览大足石刻之前,请允许我为大家先介绍一下大足石刻的基本概括。大足石刻是大足县境内主要表现为摩崖造像的石窟艺术的总称,始建于公元650年,历经五代,盛于南宋,现存摩崖石刻5万余尊,铭文10万余字,遍布100多处,主要有宝顶山石刻,北山石刻,南山石刻,石门山石刻,石篆山石刻,其中以宝顶山摩崖造像最具特色。大足石刻,于1999年正式列入世界文化遗产名录。
听了刚才我对大足石刻的简要介绍,相信大家已经迫不及待的想去一睹大足石刻的风采了,现在就跟随着我走进大足石刻之一的宝顶山石刻吧!
朋友们,现在我们来到宝顶山石刻的入口了,宝顶山石刻为南宋赵智凤以弘扬佛法,教化众生为宗旨,尽毕生之力,惨淡经营七十余年营建而成的。在进行参观之前,温馨提醒大家一下,景区人多,请大家紧跟着我,可千万不要掉队!现在就开始咱们的旅程,走进宝顶山石刻。
大家还记得在春节晚会上由聋哑人表演的舞蹈《千手观音》吗?它当即成为了最感人的节目。当大家看到眼
前这尊用石头雕刻、全身饰以金箔的千手观音时,相信它的视觉震撼不亚于前者。千手观音造像是佛教中常见的神灵,中国许多的地方都有千手观音,有的有10只手,有的有32只手,还有的是48只手,但现在映入大家眼帘的这尊千手观音造像,她有1007只手,是名副其实的千手观音造像,堪称“天下奇观”。
它充分利用了岩石空间,强调气势与真实,这些手纤细修长,千姿百态,金碧辉煌,造像面积达88平方米,流光溢彩,美不胜收,构成了一幅犹如孔雀开屏的绚丽画面,令人眼花缭乱,心摇目眩,是否有一种让你看着看着,突觉手怎么会越来越多的错觉啊?
大家可要仔细的观察了,千手观音造像的每只手中还有一只眼睛,因此她的全名就是“千手千眼观世音自在菩萨”。大家一定在苦思冥想,为什么她会有那么多只手吧?你们一定不知道千手观音的来历,其实是这样的,相传在民间流传着这样一个故事,她是古代一位妙庄王的三公主,因献出自己的一手一眼为父亲和药而感动了佛祖,佛祖赏还她千手千眼让她去救助众生,因而,她的千手象征她法力无边,能拯救众生,千眼象征她智慧无穷,能明察秋毫。这尊千手观音造像可真谓是鬼斧神工,让人叹为观止,此乃“世界石刻艺术的瑰宝”。
游客们,接下来我们将去的是大足石刻中体魄最宏伟的一尊造像——释迦涅槃圣迹图,现在大家在此自由休息十分钟,十分钟后我们将一同前往释迦涅槃圣迹图。
大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇十二
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大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇十三
游客朋友们:
大家好!我是来自重庆中国国际旅行社的导游员。在我身后的这位呢,就是我们本次行程的司机张师傅。我很荣幸能有机会为大家服务,非常欢迎大家来到重庆游览观光,待会儿,我将带领大家游览素有“石刻之乡”美称的大足石刻。大足石刻距重庆主城约有130公里,行车时间约两个半小时,在这段时间里我先把大足石刻的概况为大家做个简要的介绍。
大足石刻是重庆大足县境内所有摩崖石刻造像艺术的总称,反映了佛教中国化、世俗化、生活化的进程,是集儒道佛三教造像于一体的大型石窟造像群,最初开凿于初唐永徽年间(650年),历经晚唐、五代,盛于两宋,明、清时期亦有所增刻。最终形成了一处规模庞大,集中国石刻艺术之大成的石刻群,堪称中国晚期石窟艺术的代表,与云冈石窟、龙门石窟和莫高窟齐名,1999年12月1日,被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。07年被评为国家5a级景区。大足石刻群共有石刻造像70多处,总计5万余尊,铭文10万余字。其中,以北山、宝顶山、南山、石篆山、石门山五处石窟最具特色。
关于大足石刻名称的由来有两种说法,一是大足为传统农业区,气候温和,风调雨顺,收成稳定、人民安居乐业 ,为大足大丰之地,故得名。还有就是与佛教传说有关,相传释迦牟尼在涅槃前夕曾到过大足,在其讲佛之地留下了一双大脚,故人们叫当地为大足。
北山石刻位于大足县城北面约1公里处,共有摩崖造像5000于尊,由唐末刺史韦君靖开凿于唐景福元年,后由地方官吏、乡绅、僧尼等续建,至南宋绍兴年间(892年-1162年)结束,历时250年。以其雕刻细腻、精美、典雅著称于世,展示了晚唐至宋中国民间佛教信仰及石窟艺术风格的发展、变化,尤以观音造像最为突出,被誉为“中国观音造像陈列馆”。北山石刻以当时流行的佛教艺术为主,体现了佛教的世俗化,其转轮经藏窟被公认为是“中国石窟艺术皇冠上的一颗明珠”。
宝顶山石刻位于大足县城东北约15千米处,由宋代高僧赵智凤于南宋淳熙至淳佑年间(1174年-1252年)主持建造,历时70余年,以圣寿寺为中心,包括大佛湾、小佛湾等13处造像群,共有摩崖造像近万余尊,题材以佛教密宗故事人物为主,整个造像群宛若一处大型的佛教圣地,展现了石刻艺术的精华。宝顶山有千手观音、释迦涅槃像、九龙浴太子等著名景点。
南山石刻位于大足县城东南,始刻于南宋时期,共有造像15窟,以道教造像为主,刻工细腻、造型丰满,是我国石刻艺术中雕刻最精美、神系最完整的道教石刻造像区
石篆山石刻位于大足县城西南25千米处,始刻于北宋元丰五年至绍圣年间(1082年-1096年)结束,是中国石窟中典型的释、道、儒三教合一的造像区。
石门山石刻位于大足县城20千米处,始刻于北宋绍圣元年至南宋绍兴二十一年〔1094年-1151年),为佛教、道教合一的造像区,尤以道教造像最具特色。石门山造像共分为13龛,有药师佛、释迦佛、观音洞、孔雀明王等龛窟。
各位游客朋友们,在听完大足石刻的简介后,是不是迫不及待的想要去一睹为快呢,不过不用着急,因为我们即将要到达目的地——大足石刻了。
游客朋友们,现在我们来到的是大足石刻的宝顶山,接下来我们主要参观的是宝顶山的大佛湾石刻造像群。大家请看,在你们面前的就是六道轮回图,又名“六趣图”。佛教中有个经典的理论“因果报应、转世轮回”。什么意思呢?就是说每个人都有前世今生,每个人死后都要经过轮回投胎转世,这幅造像就集中反映了业力果报和生死轮回的佛教基本观念。
首先我们来看这个抱着轮子的蓝面巨人,他叫做转轮王,四川人称为之“无常鬼”。“无常”是佛教中的一个名词,是指大千世界的万事万物都是瞬息万变、刹那生灭的,这里把无
常人格化就成了“无常鬼”,由他来掌握生死轮回,表示世间万物没有什么是永恒的,它怒目獠齿死咬轮盘,两臂紧钳轮盘,象征着业力即因果报应不可逆转。
六道轮回图共分四圈。我们依次从里往外看,轮盘的中心圈中坐着一个人,表示修行的众生,从其心际飞出了六道佛光,把整个轮盘划分为六个部分。即佛教中所说的,万源发于心。每道光上有若干小圆圈,圈内刻着佛或菩萨,表示“众生皆有佛性,众生皆可成佛”。正中的圆圈旁的猪、蛇、鸽分别代表了贪嗔痴三毒。
第二圈则为生死轮回的六道。大家请看,以中间的这条佛光为界,上面三道称为“上三道”。上三道的正中为天道,右边为阿修罗道,左边为人道。下面为“下三道”,下三道的中间为地狱道,右边为饿鬼道。
轮盘的第三圈是佛教十二因缘说的形象表现。十二因缘阐明了人生的变化无常,生死轮回的过程及因果关系,它将人生现象分为从“无明”到“老死”十二个部分。任何生命在没获得解脱之前,都在这个过程中循环,佛教认为这个过程都是痛苦的,只有皈依佛门修成正果才能摆脱这种痛苦。这十二因缘的具体内容,以及生、老、病、死诸般痛苦,工匠师都用生动的图画表现了出来。例如“生苦”,这里表现的是一位孕妇正坐在床前生孩子。佛家认为,孩子倒挂悬垂于狭小的母腹内四肢不得伸展,其母喝一口热汤,孩子如下油锅地狱;喝一口冷茶,又如坠寒冰地狱??生命在形成之时,就已开始受苦了
第四圈共有18个小龛,每个龛内都刻有一个皮囊,皮囊裹着一个生命,请大家仔细看,皮囊里的尾部表示前生,头部表示来世,比如最下面的这幅图,头部是鱼,尾部是蛇,就表示它上辈子是蛇,下辈子成了鱼,接下来的图是马头鱼尾巴就表示它又从鱼变成了马。皮囊则是灵魂,佛教认为不管躯体如何变化,灵魂是永恒不变的。
轮盘左下方有一官一卒,这两个表示贪;右下方有一只猴子,一边抚摸下身,一边望着身后的少女,表示爱,这两幅图的意思是说正是因为众生的贪爱之心才让轮盘旋转不休。
各位游客,现在你们看到的就是释迦涅槃图,又称卧佛,这是大佛湾中最宏伟的一龛造像了,侧卧的释迦佛半身像长31米,表现的是释迦牟呢涅槃时的情景。据《涅槃经》记载,释迦牟呢涅槃时,大地发出六种震动,树倒房塌,众弟子慌乱。早期的涅槃像多这样表现,后来逐渐发生了变化,画面变得肃穆宁静。大佛湾的这龛造像就恰好表现出了释迦牟呢涅槃时的安详之态。造像前有一道“九曲黄河”,据说涅槃之际,众弟子依依不舍,于是释迦牟尼便用手划出一条大河将弟子们隔开。卧佛上面站着的是他的家眷,据说是释迦之母摩耶夫人听闻了释迦牟尼涅槃的消息,率众眷属从天而下,持香花水果,游虚空以赞圣德。
游客朋友们,这就是九龙浴太子。相传释迦之母摩耶夫人40岁尚未有子。一晚,梦见一孩子乘六牙白象从她的右腋跑进肚子里,于是她便怀孕了。怀胎十月,按古印度风俗回娘家分娩。路经蓝毗尼花园时,她刚抬起右手摘花之时,释迦牟尼就从其右腋钻出。他一落地便是芳香遍地,祥云缭绕。他朝东南西北四方各走七步,步步生莲。然后一手指天,一手指地,称“天下地下,唯我独尊”。这时两位力士手捧金盆凌空而至,又飞来九龙吐冷暖二水为他洗礼。这龛造像匠心独运,是因地制宜的典范。此处以前是一缺口,溪水终年流淌不息。工匠们先将水积于卧佛上面的池塘里,再用石头把这个缺口垒起,打上九龙和太子,然后通过暗道,使水经最大的龙嘴缓缓吐出,沐浴金盆中初生的太子。绢绢细流长年不断地从太子身上滑过,流入下面的小池,再经旁边的“九曲黄河”排出去。工匠师们不仅巧妙地解决了排水问题,而且使造像静中寓动,充满园林之趣。
游客朋友们,由于时间关系,我们的大足石刻之行就要到此结束了,祝大家旅途愉快!
大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇十四
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大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇十五
各位游客:
大家好,我是你们此次的导游员。在这次行程中,我会尽自己最大的努力为各位提供导游讲解服务,我一定会尽力安排好各位的行程,使大家在这次旅游活动中感到开心愉快。现在我们乘坐大巴由重庆市区出发,估计两个小时以后就能到达我们的目的地大足石刻——宝顶山时刻。在此之前我将就我们的目的地宝顶山时刻给大家进行一个简要的介绍。
大足石刻是大足县境内主要表现为摩崖造像的石窟艺术的总称,以大足县、潼南县、铜梁县、壁山县为范围,在此地可赏到代表中国晚期的石刻造像艺术。重庆大足石刻规模宏大,大足石刻群有石刻造像70多处,总计10万多躯,其中以宝顶山和北山摩崖石刻最为著名,其以佛教造像为主,儒、道教造像并陈,规模之宏大,艺术之精湛,内容之丰富,可与敦煌莫高窟、云冈石窟、龙门石窟齐名。
大足石刻建于公元1179—1249年间,历时70年,沿岩壁开凿,长500米,造像近万尊,其中尤以举世无双的千手观音(准确数字是1007只手)和长达31米的卧佛著称。
1999年12月1日在联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会第23届会议上表决通过,将重庆大足石刻中的北山、宝顶山、南山、石篆山、石门山五处摩崖造像,正式列入世界文化遗产,重庆大足石刻进入《世界遗产名录》的行列。
宝顶山摩崖(石窟)石刻距大足县城东北15千米,石刻创始人为宋蜀中名僧赵智凤,建于南宋淳熙六年至淳祐九年(1179—1249年),历时70多年,石刻共13处,造像数以万计,以大佛湾和小佛湾规模最大。宝顶山是佛教圣地之一,有“上朝峨嵋,下朝宝顶”之说。
大佛湾是幽深的马蹄形山湾,雕刻分布在东、南、北三面,赵大师先雕刻小佛湾,然后把小佛湾为蓝本,雕刻了宏大的大佛湾。大佛湾是由19组佛经故事组成的大型群雕,各种雕像达15o00多躯,设计精巧,无一雷同,破了“千佛一面”之说。宝顶圆觉洞,为整石开凿,宽敞如室。洞正壁刻佛像三尊,主佛前有跪菩萨一尊,俯首合十,恭敬虔诚,左右壁为十二圆觉菩萨,跌坐莲台,妙丽庄严,姿态不一,衣服、肌肉质感真实,似薄纱突身,衣裙流畅自如。壁间刻楼台亭阁,人物鸟兽,花草树木,幽泉怪石,近似写实作品,是大佛湾雕刻的精华。巨型雕有30多幅,著名的有:六道轮回、广大宝楼阁、华严三圣像、千手观音像、释迦涅槃圣迹图、九龙浴太子、孔崔明石经变、毗卢道场、父母恩重经变像、大方便佛报恩经变像、六耗图、地狱变像等。其中,千手观音1007只手屈伸离合,参差错落,有如流光闪烁的孔雀开屏。释迦涅磐像全长31米,只露半身,其构图有“意到笔伏,画外有画”之妙,给人以藏而不露之美感。九龙浴太子利用崖上的自然山泉,于崖壁上方刻九龙,导泉水至中央龙口而出,让涓涓清泉长年不断地洗涤着释迦太子,给造像平添了一派生机,堪称因地制宜的典范。
大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇十六
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大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇十八
大足石刻是大足县境内石窟寺及石刻造像的总称。世界文化遗产、国家5a级旅游景区、全国重点文物保护单位。大足石刻始建于公元650年,历经五代,盛于南宋,余绪延至明、清,是中国晚期石窟艺术的代表作品。大足石刻先公布为文物保护单位的摩崖造像多达75处,造像5万多躯。其中以宝顶山、北山、南山、石篆山、石门山摩崖造像最具特色。
根据行程安排,我们今天主要参观宝顶山的摩崖造像:
宝顶山位于大足县内城东北15千米,由宋代高僧赵智凤支持开凿而成,历时70余年。其中以大佛湾为中心,大佛湾造像舒模最大,艺术价值最高,保存最完好的。大佛湾东、南、北三壁石崖上,刻有19组佛经变故事造像,系统的讲述了若干佛经故事,配以颂词、经文,恰似一幅幅图文并茂的古代连环画。主要有:“护法神像”、“六道轮回”、“广大宝楼阁”、“华严三圣像”、“千手观音”等。
这里,着重为大家介绍一下“千手观音”:为了我们的子孙后代以及后来的游客能够看到,我要先提醒大家一点,就是为了保护千手观音,是不允许照相的。
一般来说,观音造像只要有10之手,便可称“千手观音”。常规的千手观音多数是遭32只手货48只手,以示观音的32变相和48大愿。其他的手皆用背光的形式来表现,已达到“千”的含义。
而我门代的艺术家却在这88平方米的石崖上打造了一尊拥有1007只手的,名副其实的千手观音,被誉为“天下奇观”。这些手纤细修长,千姿百态,金碧辉煌,构成了一幅犹如孔雀开屏的绚丽画面,令人眼花缭乱,心摇目眩,感觉千手观音的手多的无穷不尽,从而也你相信千手观音的无所不能和法力的无边无际。千手观音它的全名是“千手千眼观世音自在菩萨”。“观世音”即:普观世界救苦救难之声音。唐朝时,为避唐太宗李世民的名讳,人们在经典翻译和日常称呼中常去“世”简称“观音”沿用至今。“千手千眼观世音自在菩萨”的千手表示普护众生,千眼表示眼观时间。
从佛教文化的角度来看,千手观音信仰把佛教的理论与实践紧密地结合起来,以显密圆融的方式,涵摄大乘佛教的诸多共性,如对虔诚信仰的强调,对发心立誓的重视,对慈悲之心的推崇,对清静智慧的崇拜,对极乐世界的向往,等等。同时,千手千眼观音还以其鲜明的个性,为佛教信徒提供了丰富的精神滋养,特别是千手千眼的象征意义以及各种手印、真言与观想的综合实施,为虔诚的信众带来无边慈悲、无边智慧、无边神通的震撼,使他们获得了依赖,获得了安慰,也获得了自信。千手观音的威严与慈祥有机统一,智慧与神通随时双运,密法与显教灵活并用,为古今人类提供了一种战胜困难的强大精神力量,对于挖掘人类自身潜力,鼓舞弱者的意志,战胜众多的难关以及抚慰创伤、提升境界乃至终极超越等,都具有重要的价值。
好了,今天的游览到此结束了,谢谢大家。
大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇十九
大足石刻是我们重庆唯一的世界文化遗产,现存唐宋摩岩造像6万余尊,与敦煌、云岗、龙门、麦积山四大著名石刻不公保存冠好,艺术精湛,而且达到了中国石刻艺术的巅峰。
我们正在往著名的宝顶山走去,让我们去一睹观宝顶山的风采。大家快看,前面就是有名的——千手观音。千手观音的1007只手屈伸离合,参差错落,有如流光闪烁的孔雀开屏。千手观音还有一个美丽的传说,大家想听吗?
古时妙庄玉有三们漂亮的色主,长女妙金,二女妙银,最小的叫妙善,她从小虔诚信佛,出家当尼姑,妙庄王一怒之下,拆庙宇,赶和尚。惊动了天神?长了五个大脓疮,医生说要治此病需亲生骨肉的一手一眼配药才能治好,妙善知后,毅然献出一手一眼,治好了妙庄王的病,如来佛深为感动,赐她千手千眼。
下面,我们再看看另外一组。这些石刻合起来叫《父母恩重经变相》。它把父母养育儿女的过程,从怀孕、临产、哺乳到儿女长大成人、婚嫁、离别……分别用十一组雕像来表现,每一组表示一个主题,石刻把人物形象和思想感情都刻画得十分生动、形象、具体、细腻,并都有文字说明,仿佛在欣赏一幅幅古连环图画,大家有这样的感觉吗?哈哈。
此外,里面还有的故事很有教育,如:《牧牛道场》、《九龙浴太子》……你们看后一定空受益匪浅!
我带领大家的参观到此结束,请大家自由参观,注意保护文物和保持环境卫生哟!
大足石刻的导游词开头 大足石刻的导游词1000字篇二十
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