作为一名老师,常常要根据教学需要编写教案,教案是教学活动的依据,有着重要的地位。既然教案这么重要,那到底该怎么写一篇优质的教案呢?以下是小编收集整理的教案范文,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。
人教版一年级数学说课稿 小学一年级数学说课教案篇一
1、教学内容
《找规律》是选自人教版《义务教育课程标准实验教科书?数学》一年级下册“找规律”的第一课时
2. 教材分析
《找规律》是在学生认识了20以内数及20以内数加减法的基础上学习的,是学生第一次系统学习找规律的问题,设计的目的是让学生通过观察生活中的现象,尝试发现事物中隐含的简单规律,初步感知找规律的方法。同时,教材内容是学生经常看到的一些现象,有利于吸引学生参与探索活动,形成初步的探索意识,增强对数学的认识,提高学数学的乐趣。
教学内容是发现生活中熟悉的事物中隐含的规律,其中有颜色、形状、大小的变化规律及图形的排列规律。
2. 教学目标
1)、知识与技能目标:让学生在生动、活泼的情境中找出简单图形的变化规律。
2)、过程与方法目标:通过观察和操作找出图形的排列规律,并能根据找出的规律往下摆、往后涂,加深对图形排列规律的认识。
3)、情感态度与价值观目标:能运用简单的规律解释现实中的现象,感受数学与日常生活的密切联系,在与他人的合作交流中感受学数学、用数学的乐趣。
3.教学重点和难点
1)、教学重点:引导学生学会观察并能够找出所列举事物的规律。能够观察出事物的规律是《找规律》这个知识点最基本的基本。
2)、教学难点:发现图形的排列规律,体会数学的思维方法。
学生在生活中已经接触到一些规律性的现象,只是没有上升到理论的高度。在课堂中,只要老师稍加规范和引导,就可以使学生的思路变得清晰。
一年级的小孩子很活泼,思维很灵活,这就需要串联一个情景,引起他们的兴趣。找规律这个知识点相对来说很简单,关键就看老师怎么规范学生已有的凌乱的知识,怎么引导学生跳一跳再够到新的桃子。另外,一年级的小孩子能够集中精力的时间很短,这就对我提出了挑战。我怎样设计情景才能更好的引起学生的兴趣,我怎样抓住学生集中精力的这段时间把我要突出的重点讲出。
在设计这节课的时候,我按照从易到难的层次逐步提高。从简单的颜色规律到形状规律,再过渡到数字规律,之后,联系生活、发现规律,最后能够摆出规律、运用规律。由易到难,一步一个脚印,层层递进。
在日常生活中,很多有规律的事物总能给人一种美的享受,如节日里各种美丽的彩灯和彩旗都是有规律的排列,很多物品上装饰的图案也是有规律的排列,这些都为从数学的角度去探索事物的规律提供了很多素材。所以在教学时,特别要注意让学生联系生活实际,另外,还注意让学生通过操作、观察、实验、猜测等活动去发现规律。
“数学教学活动必须建立在学生的认知发展水平和已有的知识经验基础之上。教学应激发学生的学习积极性,向学生提供充分从事数学活动的机会,帮助他们在自主探索和合作交流的过程中真正理解和掌握基本的数学知识与技能、数学思想和方法,获得广泛的数学活动经验。学生是数学学习的主人,教师是数学学习的组织者、引导者与合作者。”这是全日制义务教育《数学课程标准》(实验稿)对数学教学活动提出的基本理念之一。基于以上理念,我采用了情景导学法,并构建了这样的教学模式:
1. 创设情景导入,激发学生兴趣
2.引导探索,进一步认识规律
3.联系生活,发现规律
4. 动手操作,摆出规律,巩固发展
5.教学总结
本节课要让学生发现生活中熟悉的事物中隐含的规律,其中有颜色、形状、大小的变化规律,有数字、算式及图形的排列规律。学生在学的时候主要采用以下几种方法
1、观察比较法;2、讨论交流法;3、练习法;4、动手操作法。
师:小朋友们喜欢看魔术表演吗?(喜欢)今天老师来变个魔术,猜猜老师今天会变什么?学生说(……)说完后,教师先从口袋里变出一朵红花,又问:猜猜老师还会变出会什么?(生猜……)接着教师从口袋里变出一朵紫花,接着让学生猜猜老师下面一朵是什么花?学生说,老师出示,并说说自己的理由。继续让学生猜下一朵是什么,接着把花全部拉出来,让学生说一说这些花是怎么排的(一朵红花、一朵紫花、一朵红花、一朵紫花……)
师:看来规律能告诉我们接下来的花的颜色。那么今天这节课我们就一起来找一找规律
板书课题:找规律
(这部分设计是根据儿童爱猜的心理,首先让学生猜没有规律的东西,学生猜不准,接着让学生猜有顺序的花朵(即有规律),学生一片高兴,这样有意识地按规律呈现,让学生对比猜测中意会,积累感性经验,从而初步感知规律。这样的设计,从学生角度出发,充分地调动起学生的学习动机和学习兴趣,正确把握学生的起点,给学生的学习提供了思考、尝试的机会,在猜想中感知规律存在的同时,初步感知了规律的价值。)
师:过几天是什么节日呀?(六一儿童节)六一儿童节是我们小朋友的节日,有一个一年级小朋友正在布置教室,我们一起去看看他们布置得漂亮吗?
出示课件:
师:谁能说一说天花板上有什么?是怎么排列的?
1、出示主题图,引导观察:小花是怎样放的?灯笼是怎样放的?小旗是怎样放的?同学们站得有什么规律?(学生回答)
师:我们可以从什么地方来研究它的规律呢?
生1:红旗按红黄、红黄这样排列的。花是按绿紫、绿紫排列的
师:他是从
生:颜色上观察的。
生2:他们都是一种一个的。
师:哦,你是从数量上来观察的,也就是xxx对吗?
(教师边说边板书:xxx)
2、小结:小朋友真厉害,发现了这组图形不仅在形状、颜色上有规律,而且在数量上也是有规律的。
3、讲解例1,课件出示例1,后面一个应是什么?
师:小朋友们,你能猜猜后面一个应该是什么吗?请在你的书上完成
学生独立完成,指名汇报,说说理由
4、师小结:像这样一个红一个黄,一个红一个黄……这样的称为一组,像这样一组组重复三次以上我们就把它称为有规律。
让学生练习说“红旗是一面红一面黄重复排列,花是一朵绿一朵紫重复排列……”
5、闯关游戏
(小朋友们真聪明)
师:你能应用你刚才学到的知道完成下面的闯关游戏吗?看看谁闯关又快又好,老师就送给他一个红苹果。
(1)第一关,摆一摆
课件出示例2,先让学生说说哪些图形为一组,它是按什么规律重复排列的?
小组讨论后汇报。
(2)第二关:涂一涂
课件出示例3,同桌交流,并说一说它是按什么规律重复排列的,应该怎样来涂?
(3)第三关,猜一猜
课件出示做一做,
把题目改成,猜一猜是什么颜色的?
先让学生猜,再独立完成。
6、生活中的数学
(1)先小组讨论再说一说,我们身边有哪些东西是有规律的。比如说:我们的桌椅排列,衣服上的图案。
(2)生活中很多东西都是有规律的摆放的,请看(播放动画)
7、小结
师:小朋友们,能说说你今天学到了什么吗?
8、拓展练习
师:小朋友,你们说得可真好,那你能用学到的知识来设计你的作品吗?
用准备好的圆片按一定的规律摆一摆,可以摆成条形的,也可以摆成正方形的。展示学生作品,学生边展示边说:我设计的是xxx的图案按一个x一个x依次重复排列。
找规律
一组组重复三次以上称为有规律
人教版一年级数学说课稿 小学一年级数学说课教案篇二
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人教版一年级数学说课稿 小学一年级数学说课教案篇三
(一)教材简析:
《数学课程标准》指出:“强调学生通过实践,增强探究和创新意识,学习科学研究的方法,发展综合运用知识的能力”。可见,综合实践活动十分强调通过学生的自主探索,以实现学生综合素质的发展。多年的实践经验证明:当学习的材料来自于现实生活时,学生的学习兴趣会倍加高涨;当数学和学生的现实生活密切结合时,数学才是活的、富有生命力的。在此理念的主导下,我设计了《小小商店》这节实践活动课。本节课课是人教版《义务教育课程标准实验教科书》小学数学一年级下册中的一节数学实践活动课,也就是课本第86--87页的内容。这部分内容只有一个知识点:就是通过让学生亲身参与实践活动,在取币、换币、找币的操作中,加深对人民币的认识,进一步掌握人民币的换算及简单的计算。
教材借助“小小商店”这一学生熟悉的背景,采用现场模拟的方式,展现了一个商店的真实情景,运用“角色扮演”这一生动有趣的活动形式,让学生扮演售货员与顾客,用对话形式提出数学问题,帮助学生复习巩固前面几个单元学过的一些数量关系。在商店的中间,教材设计了一些与活动有关的问题,其中前两个问题是人民币的计算的进一步提高,需要学生逆思考,第三个问题的开放性比较大,鼓励学生开动脑筋,用多种方法解决。一方面加深学生对人民币的认识,进一步掌握人民币的换算及计算方法,另一方面,培养学生应用数学的意识和能力。此外,教材还鼓励学生提出更多的问题,培养学生的发散性思维和创新意识。
(二)、说教材重点和难点:
根据教材特点,我认为“在活动中懂得不同面额人民币之间的相互关系,体现付款方式的多样性。”既是本节课的教学重点又是本节课的教学难点。
依据《新课程标准》的要求,本节课我以张熊飞教授的"诱思探究教学论"为指导思想,结合教材和学生的特点,从知识、能力和品德三方面制定了以下教学目标:
1、知识目标:通过亲身参与实践活动,在取币、换币、找币的操作中,加深对人民币的认识,进一步掌握人民币的换算及简单的计算。
2、能力目标:培养应用数学知识解决实际问题、进行数学交流的意识和能力。
3、情感目标:在实践活动中增强数学应用的意识,体验学习数学的乐趣和“用数学”的情感,并受到勤俭节约的教育。
从素质教育和课程改革的要求出发,根据综合学习活动课的课型特点,我采用角色扮演的活动形式,以学生为活动的主体,以渗透教育为原则,以训练实践能力为目的,力求做到把信息技术运用与实践活动相结合,从中培养学生的创新精神。
根据本节课的教学需要,我准备了:
1、媒体课件一套。
2、用实物把教室布置成临时的小小商店,让学生扮演售货员和顾客,现场进行交易活动。
3、回收站所需的牌子。
学生每人准备一个钱包(自制),学具人民币若干。
接下来我说一下整个教学过程设计,首先我先说一下整体设计。
国际教育界流传着这样一句话:“你听了,但是你忘了;你看了,把它记住了;你做了,你理解了。”如何让学生从学数学变为做数学,是我们教师面临的新课题。在《新课程标准》理念的主导下,我们现在的课堂已不能象以前那样传统的一味的传授知识,我们要让学生从"学"数学变为"做"数学,让课堂成为学生探索知识的乐园。因此,本节课,我将本着“让学生在自主探究活动中贯穿于课的始终”的原则,以张熊飞教授的“诱思探究教学论”为指导思想,通过各种教学方法与手段,启发、诱导学生按照“创设情境,提出问题---实践操作,探索问题---联系实际,创新应用”的规律组织教学,整个活动过程分为四大环节:激趣引入、探讨方法、模拟购物活动、交流评价。让学生在活动中充分感受体验生活,学会把知识综合的运用到实际生活中去。
第一层:创设情境,激发兴趣。(约5分钟)。
由电脑演示学生喜欢的卡通形象导入新课,使他们愉快地进入购物情境,进入角色。
第二层:模拟表演,实践体验。(约20分钟)
教师选定一部分学生扮演售货员,一两名学生扮演废品回收员,其余的扮演顾客。让学生根据自己的需要,利用人民币卡片购买商品、废品回收活动。在活动过程中,要让买卖双方互相检查对方在进行人民币计算时有没有发生错误。
第三层:活动汇报,体验交流(约10分钟)
让学生说出自己的心理话,展示自己选购物品的自主性,以及合理安排零用钱的巧妙之处和购买物品的经验方法。同时,教师正确引导,使学生懂得从小养成勤俭节约的良好习惯,珍惜每一分钱,把钱用在最需要用的地方和最适当的时候,做一个有主见、善理财巧安排的好学生。最后评选最佳消费者。
第四层:联系生活,渗透思想教育。(约5分钟)。
(二)说局部设计
下面我就以教学程序为框架,以"诱思探究教学论"为先导,以教学内容为载体,具体说说本节课的教学环节。
1、创设情境,激发兴趣
在长期的教学中,我们都能体会到:情境教学是低年级教学中一种十分有效的手段,它符合儿童的思维特点,可以激发学生学习兴趣,活跃学生思维。因此。课一开始,我先给同学们创设这样的情境:放一段热闹喜庆的音乐:今天是个喜庆的日子,我们的“小小商店”顺利开张了。(出示课题)熊猫经理特别欢迎小朋友去“小小商店”逛一逛。这时,我引导学生观察画面:小朋友,从屏幕上你看到了什么?你想对同学们说什么?(鼓励学生大胆自由发言),让学生交流物品名称和它们各自的价钱重点是说清楚画面上每一种商品的名称和价格。在学生回答的基础上,我及时作以小结,大家说得非常好!那么,你们自己有零用钱吗?父妈给你的零用钱,你平时怎样使用的?分组交流如何使用零用钱。然后小组汇报交流。教师因势利导,对使用比较合理的学生给予肯定表扬,对花费不恰当的学生给予纠正引导。
我这样设计,借助“小小商店”这一情境,通过生动有趣的画面,把学生带入到快乐的学习情境之中,使课堂一开始就变得生动有趣,引人入胜,每一个学生都会不由自主地投入到探索新知的学习情境之中。这样就很自然地进入教学的第二个环节:
2、模拟表演,实践体验。
《新课程标准》中指出:“教师应充分利用学生已有的生活经验,随时引导学生把所学的知识应用到生活中去,解决身边的数学问题,了解数学在现实生活中的作用,体会学习数学的重要性,培养实践能力”。鉴于此,我设计了此环节。具体的我是这样设计的:
(1)进入角色,若干名售货员进场。
(2)分发购物登记卡、现金记帐卡。让学生把所购买的“商品”的名称其金额、购买理由等记入《购物登记卡》和《现金记帐卡》上。
(3)分组合作进行模拟体验。
活动要求:1、顾客要检查售货员有没有找错零钱。
2、卖易拉罐和矿泉水瓶的同学要检查废品回收员有没有算错一共应该付多少钱。
3、售货员要看清顾客付款对不对。
4、可以同学之间互相帮助,可以合伙购买。
教师注意调控场面,诸如“顾客”进入“商场”的先后顺序,购物的时间控制。
教师选定一部分学生扮演售货员,一两名学生扮演废品回收员,其余的扮演顾客。让学生根据自己的需要,利用人民币卡片购买商品、废品回收活动。在活动过程中,要让买卖双方互相检查对方在进行人民币计算时有没有发生错误。一方面要注意观察学生提出了哪些问题,是怎样解决的,另一方面要在学生碰到困难时给以适当的帮助和提示。
我这样设计,除了复习巩固已经学过的知识,也反映了在日常生活中用人民币购买商品时经常出现的几种情形。例如,计算买两种商品一共要花多少钱,卖东西时怎样找零,买东西时钱不够怎么办,怎样比较两种商品的价格,等等。这些情形都是学生在实际生活中曾经遇到过或将来会遇到的,通过这种现实性和实践性很强的活动,可以使学生切身体会人民币在商品经济中的作用,充分感受到数学来自于生活,又在生活中有广泛的应用,并学会在实际生活中运用数学知识解决实际问题。充分让学生展示选购货物的自主性,关注学生所购物品的趋向,鼓励学生认真合理安排自己的“零用钱”,把钱正确合理的使用,并指导学生填好“两卡”以便交流。这样,学生在教师的引导下,充分体验自主的快乐,通过活动的形式,学生在玩中学,在乐中悟,体会到生活中处处有数学。
我们大家都知道,学生的学习活动应当是一个生动、活泼、主动和富有个性的过程。这里,在设计上我采用了开放式的教学,让学生的个性得到了发展,创造欲望得到了满足。而这,无不得益于教师对学生的尊重和教学开放式的组织。同时,很自然地进入到第三个教学环节:
3、分组交流,分享快乐。
1)、交流在活动中,各自购买哪些物品。(介绍购物登记卡)
2)、交流买东西过程应该注意什么事项。
3)、谈一谈,在购物中,自己有哪些经验。
4)、交流购买物品的意图。
5)、交流买东西中应考虑到什么?
6)、交流如何合理正确地使用零用钱。
这样,让学生说出自己的心理话,展示自己选购物品的自主性,以及合理安排零用钱的巧妙之处和购买物品的经验方法。同时,教师正确引导,使学生懂得从小养成勤俭节约的良好习惯,珍惜每一分钱,把钱用在最需要用的地方和最适当的时候,做一个有主见、善理财巧安排的好学生。最后评选最佳消费者。
4、联系生活,渗透思想教育。
具体的我是这样设计的:
同学们,平时你喝完了饮料之后会怎样处理用完的易拉罐或矿泉水瓶呢?(让学生充分发表自己的意见。)然后,电脑播放好孩子源源的故事:源源是个非常勤俭的孩子,他经常将家里用完以后的废旧物品,如:易拉罐、矿泉水瓶等,送到回收站换钱,然后把这些钱攒起来捐给希望工程和贫困山区的小朋友们。
看到这些,你想说些什么?让学生各抒己见。
我这样设计对学生进行了思想品德教育。在整个活动过程中,还可以对学生进行爱护人民币的教育。通过设立“回收站”,可以让学生明白易拉罐和矿泉水瓶都是可回收的废弃物,帮助小朋友从小树立保护环境的思想和意识。
到此,整个教学过程全部结束。
由于本节课的教学内容主要是组织学生具体的实践操作活动尝试,基本上不需要板书,所以此部分略写。
最后,我说一下,这节教学设计是如何体现新课改理念和"诱思探究"教学思想的。
总览整节课,在整个教学设计中,我力求较好地体现新课标理念,内容设计建立在学生生活经验基础之上,通过学生大量的实践操作活动来完成。切实改变了传统的教学方式和学习方式,使课堂真正做到生活化、活动化、自主化、情感化和趣味化。《新课程标准》中特别提出了情感与态度的发展目标,本节课的设计,我在这方面也做出了积极的尝试。集知识性、趣味性、活动性于一体,通过亲身参与实践活动,在取币、换币、找币的操作中,加深对人民币的认识,进一步掌握人民币的换算及简单的计算。使学生在多种形式的实践过程中体验到其中的乐趣,使学生爱学、乐学。整节课洋溢着愉快的学习气氛。通过大量的生活实例,使学生获得大量的感性材料,让学生在玩中学、乐中悟。在这个过程中,学生的学习方式,不再是"听听练练",而是在老师的引导下,积极主动的去探索,去操作实践,去体验交流。在经历了之后,学生获取了知识,提高了能力,思维得到了锻炼,并获得了成功的愉悦,探索的快乐,真正成为了课堂的主人!
人教版一年级数学说课稿 小学一年级数学说课教案篇四
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人教版一年级数学说课稿 小学一年级数学说课教案篇五
本节课的教学内容是“认识人民币”。人民币是我国法定的货币,它是价值的一般代表,在人们的生活中起着重要的作用。让学生结合自己的生活经验和已掌握的100以内数的知识认识人民币,一方面使学生初步知道人民币的基本知识,提高社会实践能力,另一方面使学生加深对100以内数的概念的理解,体会数概念与现实生活的密切联系。
这部分内容的编排加强了对人民币的整体认识,并结合具体操作帮助学生掌握各种面值的人民币之间的关系。一年级儿童年龄虽小,但对于要用钱才能买到东西这一朴素的等价交换的商品意识是有的。为了突出人民币的商品功能和在社会生活中的重要作用,教材在这方面作了精心的安排。如主题图出示了3幅逼真的购物、乘车、存钱的画面,即只要进行商品交换,就要用到人民币。同时,联系学生的日常生活,教育学生将这些平时的零花钱积攒起来,积少成多后,将这些钱用来办更多更有意义的事情,如买好书捐赠给贫困的同伴等等。另外,教材还多处精心创设购物情境,让学生在买卖商品的活动中认识人民币,通过活动使学生在买卖商品中掌握人民币的有关知识,提高社会交往和社会实践能力。
1、通过对人民币的系统的整理,使学生对全套人民币能清晰的识别,以识别过程为载体,培养学生自主探究、合作交流的能力。
2、归纳出1元=10角、1角=10分,培养学生归纳推理的思维能力。
3、在游戏中培养学生应用数学知识解决问题的能力。
4、渗透爱国主义思想教育以及节约用钱的良好习惯。
教学重点:认识人民币的单位元、角、分,知道1元=10角、1角=10分。
教学难点:人民币的等价兑换。
现代教育理论主张让学生动手“做”科学,而不是用耳朵“听”科学。也就是说,在教学中要结合实际给学生创设实践的机会。这节课的设计我注重让学生动手操作,通过动手实践,自主的学会新知。另外,小组讨论有利于全体学生主动性的发展,有利于师生之间、学生之间的信息交流,有利于不同思维的碰撞。这节课的教学比较适合运用合作探究的学习方式。通过小组合作进行探究活动,既鼓励学生独立尝试,又注重学生间的合作互助,给学生提供了多向交往的机会,提高学生合作学习的意识。学生在活动中互相交流,提高了观察分析及解决问题的能力。
1、联系生活实际,引出课题
提出问题:“同学们,在我们的日常生活中,哪些地方要使用钱?”
学生根据生活经验列举自己使用人民币的例子。
(出示一位小朋友存钱的示意图)提问:“谁能说一说零花钱可以用来做什么?”
在这里渗透德育教育:不乱花钱,积少成多,养成勤俭节约的良好品质,献爱心等。
指出:我们国家的钱叫人民币。这节课我们就一起学习有关人民币的指示。(板书:认识人民币)
(设计意图:这一环节的设计师让学生根据主题图,联系生活实际列举自己使用人民币的例子,举例不限于教材上的内容。这个回忆过程帮助教师了解学生的生活经验和已有知识水平,找准学生的最近发展区,同时让学生感知人民币的商品功能和在社会生活中的重要作用,激发学习兴趣,突出知识的生长点。)
2、认识人民币
提出问题:“在日常生活中,你见过、用过那些人民币?”
学生自由发言。
引导:“大家在日常生活中见过或者用过的人民币有的是几元的,有的是几角的,还有的是几分的。你们知道吗?”
指出:元、角、分就是人民币的常用单位。(板书:元角分)
引导:“同学们已经认识了这么多不同的人民币,谁能说说你是怎样认识它们的?”
学生发表不同意见。
引导:“同学们真不错,用那么多方法来认识人民币。请把课桌上你认识的人民币,给你的伙伴说一说。”
学生活动,互相说认识的人民币。
提出问题:“每个小组的同学能把你们课桌上的人民币分分类吗?”
小组合作,共同完成。
分完后汇报交流。学生可能从以下几方面汇报:
1、我们把元的分成一类,角的分成一类,分的分成一类。
2、我们把纸币分一类,把分币分一类。
3、我们按数值来分。
……
指出:人民币上的国徽,代表我们的祖国,我们爱护人民币,就是热爱我们伟大的祖国。
(设计意图:在这一环节中,教师没有对“怎样认识人民币和怎样分类”进行传统的“授予”,而是作为引导者,引导学生互相交流,在师生互动中完成对已有经验的归纳与延伸。通过小组合作,互相交流,让全体学生参与学习的过程,在学习的过程中有意识的培养学生注意观察、细心观察的良好习惯。)
3、探索元、角、分之间的关系
提出问题:“老师这里有1元钱的橡皮,你能想到不同的付钱方法买到这块橡皮吗?”
小组的同学互相讨论讨论,然后把想好的方案说给大家听听。
可能从以下几方面汇报交流:
1、我直接付1张1元的。
2、我付2张5角的。
3、我付5张2角的,还可以付10张1角的。
4、我还可以付1张5角和5张1角。
……
引导:“同学们想出的付钱方法还真多,哪位同学能说说元和角有什么样的关系呢?”
学生归纳,教师板书:1元=10角。
换钱游戏:师生之间、生生之间进行。
1个5分的可以换()个1分的;
1张1角的可以换()个2分的,还可以换()个5分的;
1张2角的可以换()张1角的;
1张5角的可以换()张1角的;
1张1元的可以换()张5角的,还可以换()张2角的;
……
(设计意图:这一环节的设计是在清晰识别人民币,掌握元角十进关系、角分十进关系的基础上,对应用能力和创新精神的培养。游戏在师生之间或小组内进行,为每个学生提供探索、交流的时间和空间。)
4、模拟购物,实践运用
提出任务:“接下来我们开展一个‘购物活动’。每组选出一名超市经理。请‘经理’先介绍一下超市的商品。”
各组推选出“经理”介绍商品。
引导:“请大家拿着自己的钱去购买自己喜爱的物品吧。”
学生自由购物。
(设计意图:在这个环节中,尊重数学知识来源于生活的原则。引导学生进入情镜,在活动中激起学生的兴趣,使学生学得生动、轻松、愉快,学到与实际生活紧密联系的、有价值的数学。)
5、评价及小结
引导:同学们,这节课你们上得高兴吗?你认为这节课谁表现得比较好?你应该向他学习什么?谁来说一说你有哪些收获?
(设计意图:在热烈的购物之后,师生小结,学生由此回顾整个学习过程,多方面进行小结,提升成功的意义,满足学生成功欲望。)
总之,让整个学习过程融入学生的生活世界之中,打通书本世界与生活世界的联系,实现他们之间的有效沟通。那么,学生将在多姿多彩的生活世界中去挖掘无尽的教育财富,生活世界也就成了学生最丰富的学习资源。
人教版一年级数学说课稿 小学一年级数学说课教案篇六
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人教版一年级数学说课稿 小学一年级数学说课教案篇七
1、教学内容:人教版义务教育课程标准实验教科书小学数学一年级下册p81例1及p82做一做的第1题。
2、教材地位及作用本节课要认识的是分针正好指在大格刻度上的时间及1时与60分的关系,是在学生初步认识整时、半时的基础上展开教学的,掌握本课知识既为下一课学习用1分1分数的方法读出某一时间做好准备,又为以后学习时、分、秒的认识及相关计算打下基础。
3、本节课的教学目标
(1)、明确时、分的含义,会读、写分针指在大格刻度上的时间,知道1时=60分。
(2)、积极参与知识的形成过程,通过观察、操作、思考、讨论等活动,初步培养学生的探索意识和合作意识。
(3)、在学习活动中体验成功的愉悦,并自觉养成遵守和爱惜时间的良好习惯。
4、教学重、难点的确定
重点:会读、写分针指在大格刻度上的时间,1时=60分,理解时、分的进率。
难点:认识每个大格刻度各代表几分
“时间”对于一年级学生来说并不陌生,大部分学生在幼儿园或家里多多少少接触过一些关于时间的认识,每个家庭中一般也都有挂钟或钟表,何况一年级的学生天天要按时起床、吃饭、上学、放学、看动画片、睡觉,这样就使学生已经感知了“时间”这一抽象概念的存在。但是不同的学生对认识时间的情况也是各不一样的,有的已经能熟练地认读整时、半时,甚至几时几分的时刻,有的对钟表还不熟悉,应该说绝大部分学生对时间还是缺乏一个整体的认知。因此,我精心设计这一数学课堂,最大限度地发挥每个学生的主动性,让他们在有限的时间内更好地掌握新知。
1、针对一年级学生的心理、生理特点,把故事、游戏贯穿于各教学环节中,以吸引学生注意力,激发学生学习的兴趣、提高学生参与的积极性。
2、发挥课件的辅助教学功能,增强教学过程的趣味性、直观性和形象性,学生通过认真观察、合作探究对知识进行迁移、重组,达到认识、理解知识的目的。
3、动手操作。让学生动手操作,是学生学习的重要渠道,它能促使学生产生切身的感受,再而成为自身的知识。本课可让学生在小组内拨钟练习,学生轮流操作,共同记时。学生在动手中,进一步理解了时和分的关系,理解了认读方法。
大家听听这是什么声音?钟表的声音,我们已经上一年级了,大家是不是按时起床,上学、放学、睡觉呢?我的小侄女和你们一样,也上一年级了,她和我们一样,也有自己的作息时间。(出示图片起床7:00;上课8:15;放学3:30;睡觉8:50)让我们瞧一瞧,她是什么时候起床?什么时候上课?什么时候放学、什么时候睡觉的(课件出示挂钟,学生读时间)什么时间你不熟悉、不会读?
学生发现钟面上的时间在上课、睡觉既不是整时,也不是半时,便产生了一种认知上的冲突,学生急于弄清楚是什么时间。这一环节巧妙地从老师侄女的作息安排进行认整时、半时的复习,同时学生发现有两个时间没学过,学生利用已有经验进行猜测,在出现不同意见时进行质疑,激起学生想弄懂知识的欲望,心理上产生了强烈的“我要学”的冲动。由于时间是一个很抽象的概念,学生比较难理解,因此本堂课就从学生熟悉的生活情境出发,选择“老师侄女的一天”作为学生的学习材料,让学生感受到时间与自己的生活息息相关,能主动参与知识的形成过程,从而更好地认识时间。
1、认识钟面刻度
(1)学生观察学具钟,小组交流,老师巡视。
(2)汇报、补充,课件演示学生反馈的结果。
(3)讨论:数一数,算一算:分针从12走到每个大格刻度上各经过几小格?每个大格刻度分别表示多少分?分针走一圈,一共经过了多少分?
(4)课件演示:分针走到刻度1经过了5小格,刻度1表示5分,走到刻度2经过10小格,刻度2表示10分……
(5)学生把结果填在p81的钟面刻度图上,尝试用最快的速度记住每个大格刻度各表示几分。
(6)交流记忆方法。
认识每个大格刻度表示几分是本节课的难点,因为学生们还没有学过乘法口诀,只能用1小格1小格地数或5小格5小格地加的原始方法,因此我在这环节中采用逐层疏理的方式进行教学,先让学生从静态的钟面上得到1大格里有5小格,一共有60个小格的新认识、新发现,然后再通过议一议、数一数、算一算,为正确读取时间做好铺垫。
2、认读分针指在大格刻度上的时间
(1)学校到底什么时候开始上课呢?(8时15分)愿意把你认识时间的方法介绍给同学们吗?在小组中互相说一说吧。
(2)指名学生介绍方法,教师进行小结。
(3)(把例1的3个钟面帖在黑板上)指名学生读出时间。
(4)指名学生上黑板两种表示方法写,其它学生进行评价,找出写时间时应注意的问题。
(5)游戏:击鼓传花。鼓响花传时间跑,鼓停花停时间停,执花学生读出课件上钟面表示的时
在这一环节中,由学生自己组织语言介绍认读时间的方法,既有利于学生间相互学习、优化各种不同的认读方法,又培养学生的概括能力。在试写时间时,学生参与评价,不仅可以培养学生的判断能力、表达能力,学会用赞赏的目光去看待同伴,还由于评价过程留下的深刻印象,特别记住了分钟数不到10,就要在分钟数的前面加0。而击鼓传花的游戏则寓练习于玩乐之中,避免了单纯练习的枯燥乏味,更使课堂气氛瞬间活跃起来
(1)、演示1时等于60分。学生观察交流。
时针走1大格是——(1时),分针走60小格是——(60分)。它们所用时间是相等的,所以“1时=60分”。(板书)
(2)小组合作:拨动闹钟的分针走一圈,认真观察时针的变化,探究1时和60分的关系。
设计意图采用动画的形式,演示时针与分针的转动,并以扇形阴影表示出时针走过1大格。能清楚看到时针与分针走过的格数。这与动手拨钟,学生在纷乱的针与格中观察时分的关系,其效果不言而谕。在学生疑难处给予帮助,并非削弱了学生的动手操作能力,而是寻求最佳的学习方式,以期最优的学习效果。
1、老师报时间,学生拨学具钟。
2、同桌合作,一个同学拨出自己的作息时间,另一个同学读时间。
通过动手拨一拨,动口说一说,充分调动了眼、手、脑等感官,培养了学生动手、动脑的好习惯,还在潜移默化中使学生受到了遵守和爱惜时间的教育。
1、完成课本p82“做一做”的第1题。
2、游戏:开火车。课件出示时间,学生读。
在这一环节中,使学生感到数学知识就在身边。师生共同参与的游戏把课堂气氛推向了高潮。
始发站发车时间到达站到达时间
天门7:方正7:40
天门7:30方正8:20
天门8:30方正9:10
哪辆车出发的最早?哪辆车到达方正最晚?
老师要去方正学习,8时准时开始,车站到学校有十分的路程,老师做哪趟车比较合适?
数学教学要尽可能地联系学生生活中的问题,挖掘数学知识的生活内涵。出门坐车学生非常熟悉,再一次让学生感受到数学与生活的密切联系。同时培养了学生的解决生活实际的能力。
整一节课,我尽量把时间和空间留给学生,创设轻松愉快的学习氛围,组织他们动手操作、合作交流,鼓励他们去猜想、概括,使学生真正成为学习的主人,成为出色的发现者、勇敢的探索者和快乐的创造者。
板书认识时间
起床上课放学睡觉
7:008:153:308:50
7时8时15分3时半8时50分
1时=60分
人教版一年级数学说课稿 小学一年级数学说课教案篇八
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人教版一年级数学说课稿 小学一年级数学说课教案篇十
各位评委、各位老师你们好!
我说课的课题是《9加几》。本节课是人教版小学数学一年级上册“20以内的进位加法”中的内容。它包括课本96-98页的例1、例2以及课后的“做一做”。
《9加几》是“20以内的进位加法”这一单元的起始课。在此之前,学生已经认识了11-20各数,能够准确的计算10加几何相应的减法。这些知识都对本节课的学习起到了铺垫作用。本节课的内容也为以后学习其他数的进位加法打下了基础。
在认真学习《数学课程标准》、深入钻研教材的基础上,根据学生的认知结构和心理特点,我指定了以下学习目标:通过对问题情境的探索,运用自身已有的知识经验得出计算9加几的各种方法;在比较、观察的过程中理解“凑十法”的思维过程;并能正确计算9加几的题目;同时,学生在一系列的生活情境中,深刻体会到了数学与生活的密切联系,打打提高了学习数学的兴趣。
本节课的核心思想是通过自主探索、合作交流等活动掌握“凑十法”,因此,我确定了这节课的学习重点是会用“凑十法”计算9加几的加法。
一年级的孩子认识事物时以具体形象思维为主,虽然具有一定的抽象概括能力,并且中我了一些概念,能够初步的进行判断和推理,但思维水品总的来说还很低,思维过程往往只依靠具体的表象,带有很大的依赖性和模仿性,所以本节课的学习难点是理解“凑十法”的思维过程。
为了让学生理解重点、突破难点,更高效的完成本节课预设的各项学习目标,我在教法和学法上也做了精心的安排。
教法方面:《新课程标准》指出:数学教学活动必须建立在学生的认知发展水品和已有的知识经验基础上。在教学活动中要激发学生的学习积极性,为他们提供充分的参与与学习的机会,帮助他们在自主探索和合作交流的过程中真正理解和掌握基本的数学知识与技能、数学思想和方法、获得广泛的数学活动经验。在本节课的教学中,大胆放手让学生操作,以学生自主探索为主旋律,结合有趣的情境,激发学生的学习兴趣,通过观察、讨论、小组合作等方法,让学生在实践活动中亲身体验数学知识的形成和发展,从而使每一个孩子都能在世间中获得成功的喜悦,真正意义上成为学习的主人。
学法方面:一年级的孩子年龄小、好动、自制力较差,再加上他们入学的时间并不长,对于充满约束的课堂容易产生烦感,虽然孩子们身上有这些小缺点,但是他们的表现欲和好奇心是值得我们惊讶的。《新课程标准》指出:有效的数学学习活动不能单纯的依赖记忆与模仿,动手实践、观察比较以及合作交流才是学生学习数学的重要方式。本节课我引导学生采用自主探索、动手实践的活动得出极端9加几的各种方法,然后通过观察、比较、讨论、小组合作交流等活动理解“凑十法”的思维过程,会计算9加几的题目,突破本节课的重点、难点。
为了让学生深刻的理解“凑十法”,本节课我准备了形象的多媒体课件,每位学生准备18根小棒。
教学过程是学生的认知过称个,是真个教学活动的呈现。本节课的教学我设计了以下四个环节。
第一个环节:创设情境,激趣设疑
新课程标准下的数学课堂,应该体现“身边的数学”这一特点。因此,我以学生熟悉的运动会情境为切入点,利用课件展示我校学生在运动会上精彩表现的照片,用生动活泼的语言激发学生的兴趣。然后在追问孩子们是否想继续参观,从而调动起学生的积极性和好奇心。此时的学生一定都是情绪高涨的,在强烈的好奇心驱使下让学生接受挑战,如果挑战成功便可继续参观。
挑战的目的就是复习。“温故而知新,可以为师矣”,课件复习旧知识的重要性。复习过程主要有以下步骤。首先,利用口算卡片展示9+( )= 10和有关计算10加几练习,然后以天空的形式帮助学生复习“一个数可以分成1和几”,最后,让学生口算9 + 1 + 1 =( ) 9 + 1 + 5 =( ) 9 + 1 + 3 =( )。这三项挑战内容的设置层层递进,为本节课学习9加几的进位加法做好了准备。
顺利闯关的孩子们一定很兴奋,适时用语言对学生的情绪加以控制,让孩子们用数学的视角去参观运动会的场景。
第二个环节:自主尝试,探究算法
这一环节是获取新知的过程,教学时我将例1和例2结合起来,以学生自主探索为主,这个环节我将分为三个步骤来教学。
第一步是讨论交流,得出方法。在人的心灵深处,都有一种根深蒂固的需要,这就是希望感到自己是一个发现者、研究者,而在儿童的精神世界里,这种需要特别强烈。在这一步骤中,我注重利用学生已有的经验,组织学生讨论“还有多少盒饮料”的问题,让学生通过相互交流说出自己解决问题的方法,并让学生议一议每种方法。学习是一种个体的认知过程,由于每个孩子的认知水平、思维方式、解决问题的策略不相同,所以在面临一个新的计算问题时,就会出现不同的计算方法。在这里允许学生用不同的方法计算9加几,充分尊重学生的选择,体现“算法多样化”的新理念,并根据学生的回报结果适时给予鼓励和肯定。学生汇报的情况可能会有三种:(1)数数法,即依次一个一个的数1、2、3、4……12、13;(2)接数法,箱子里有9盒,然后再接着数10、11、12、13;(3)先将外面的4盒分成1和3,将一盒放进箱子里和原来的9盒凑成10盒,再加上外面的3盒,10 + 3 = 13。通过直观的分析比较,让学生找到自己喜欢的方法。
为了让学生更加深刻的理解“凑十法”的思维过程,我安排了“提出问题、解决问题”的步骤。教学的开始,我让学生用数学的视角来观察例1的主题图,让他们说一说图上包含的数学信息,并根据这些数学信息提出问题,用孩子们提出的问题自然地将9加几的问题搬到黑板上。例如:
踢毽子的和跳绳的一共有多少人?
9 + 3 =
踢毽子的和跳远的一共有多少人?
9 + 7 =
在解决这两个问题时,大胆放手让学生动手操作,从而归纳算法,巩固记忆,这也是本环节的最后一个步骤。根据一年级孩子的思维特点,深刻理解“凑十法”的过程是有难度的,必须将这个抽象的过程形象化、转变成自身的时间,才能达到希望的效果。此时,我将这两个问题的解决与例2的动手实践相结合,让学生选择自己想要解决的'问题,用手中的学具摆一摆,活动后进行汇报,请学生到讲台上讲述操作的过程。最后引导学生小结:在计算9 + 3时,可将3分成1和2,1和9凑成十,10 + 2 = 12;同样的,计算9 + 7时,可将7分成1和6,1和9凑成十,10 + 6 = 16。(板书)这时黑板上已经有了三个算式,引导学生说出这三个算式都是关于9加几的加法,从而揭示课题。(板书课题)
在教学过程中可能会有学生产生“分小数”的想法,对这种敢想敢说的行为要加以鼓励,可以让学生采用像板书上呈现的方法来验证“分小数”的想法是否可行。
第三个环节:巩固新知,灵活运用。
通过本环节的巩固练习,教师可以真实的掌握学生对于新授知识的理解情况,从而进行下一步的教学部属。一年级的学生好胜心强,表现欲高,但自制力较差,注意力不够集中。根据这一特点,我安排了3个练习。首先,用课件展示菠萝、苹果的实物图,色彩鲜艳的水果一下子吸引了学生的眼球,通过此题培养学生看图列加法算式的能力,充分利用学生已有的生活经验,引导学生用所学知识解决生活中的问题,体验数学与生活的密切联系。第二个练习时根据图意写算式,先让学生互相说题意,然后再提出问题、解决问题。在处理第三个练习时,我将简单的算式有规律的排列,再把他们放在“梯子”的剪贴画背景中,让学生运用“凑十法”进行计算。再让学生寻找规律,引导学生说出第一个加数都是9,每个算式中和的个位上的数都比这个算式中的第二个加数少1,适时追问这个1到哪里去了?学生很自然的想到1和9凑成了十,从而加深对“凑十法”的理解。
第四个环节:全科总结,完善提高。
新课程标准指出:学生是学习的主体,在教学活动中,教师充当着合作者、组织者、引导者的角色。对于本节课的小姐,我也尝试着让学生来参与。学生通过说本节课的收获,将本节课的内容做一总结,方便日后复习,同时也提高了学生总结、概括的能力。
本节课的板书已经都呈现在黑板上,在设计板书时我力求做到重点突出、简洁易懂。
人教版一年级数学说课稿 小学一年级数学说课教案篇十一
《认识钟表》是义务教育课程标准实验教科书数学(人教版)一年级上册第八单元的教学内容。本节课要求学生对整时的认识,是学生建立时间观念的初次尝试,为以后“时、分”的教学奠定基础。
时间的知识对学生来说并不陌生,大部分学生在学前教育或家庭教育中多多少少都接受过一些关于时间的知识。一般来说,他们的活动都要按照一定的时间来进行,这样在生活中潜移默化就感知到了时间这一抽象概念的存在。
本课从导入到实践活动,学生都是在以非常熟悉的“我的一天”来设计的。注重了学生学习学习方式的转变,体现了有效教学的理论。进行这一知识的教学,体现以生活为依托,以实践为第一。在教学中,学生自由地选择自己喜欢的学习方式进行学习,让他们在玩中发现数学问题,找寻数学知识,学生的思维可以得到尽情的发展,个性得到尽情的张扬,使40分钟的课堂变的有效果、有效率、有效应。
时间的概念比较抽象,要结合大量的实践活动来学习,让学生通过观察、操作、体验才能把这一抽象的概念具体化、形象化,使其主动掌握时间的基础知识,通过师生互动学生也参与了有效学习的过程。
一、感受数学生活化的魅力。
由于时间在生活当中是无时无刻不在的,学生对此也有一定程度的感知,所以我从每一个人日常生活的作息时间入手引入正题,再让学生根据自己已有的生活知识和经验去认识钟表,通过讨论、交流的方法由生活经验上升到知识体系。
二、在实践中体验数学的价值。
我让学生应用这节课学到的知识为自己设计一份作息时间安排表,激发学生练习的兴趣,促使学生把已获得的知识、能力应用于生活中,加深对知识的理解、掌握。在实践探究中,学生各自选择自己喜欢的学习方式进行讨论。在讨论过程中,学生发表自己的见解和意见,课堂成了学生展示自己个性的舞台。
三、感受数学中的情感。
数学并不是枯燥的,它其中也蕴含着丰富的情感生活,这也是在有效教学中“全人”发展的特征体现。在本课中我通过让学生了解自己妈妈的作息时间,让他们感受到父母的辛苦。对学生来说也是一次心灵的震撼。虽然是短短的几句话,也是对学生进行了一次感恩教育。
1.初步认识钟面和电子表面,能结合自己的生活经验正确地读、写整时时刻。
2.经历操作、讨论、交流等实践活动,进一步培养学生的动手、动口、动脑的实践应用能力和合作精神,发展数感。
3.建立时间观念,学会合理地安排作息时间,养成遵守和珍惜时间的好习惯。
教具、学具:教学课件、钟表和钟表模型
本课我主要由五个教学环节来完成
一、激趣导入。
1.创设情境。
(1)猜谜:小小骏马不停蹄,日日夜夜不休息。蹄声哒哒似战鼓,提醒人们争朝夕。(创设情景,有效的课堂提问激发了学生的学习兴趣。)
(2)根据出主题图设题提问。
提问:你能说出你自己的作息时间吗?你怎么知道的呢?(看挂钟或电子表。)
2.揭题:今天我们就来“认识钟表”。(板书课题:认识钟表)
二、探究新知。
1.认识钟面、电子表面。
(1)观察钟面和电子表面:学生自由地选择自己喜欢观察的对象,可以观察钟面,也可以观察电子表面,互相讨论、交流意见,教师参与共同研究。
(2)学生交流、反馈(得出以下几种答案)。
钟面:①有1~12个数字(点击闪烁)。②有2根指针,长针和短针。(身体又细又长的叫分针;身体又粗又短的叫时针。)
电子表:①由数字表示时间。②中间有2个点会闪烁。
(开放式的课堂,调动学生主动参与的能力。学生自主、有效的获取知识,学生掌握知识也就更加扎实。)
2.认识整时。
(1)课件依次出现“我的一天的生活”。
观察画面,说一说我接下来的一天是怎样安排的?
学生根据已有的生活经验进行观察、交流。
学生互相评价,教师引导学生体验:描述任何事物时都要按照一定的顺序。(学生的评价客观、真实。培养学生的自主评价能力。)
(2)认识钟面上整时刻。
①观察钟面,你有什么发现?学生充分交流
③引导学生小结:我们在看钟面时不仅要看时针,
还要看分针,如果分针指着12,时针指着几就是几时。
④反馈练习。出示模型钟:说说这是几时?你是怎样想的?
(设计此环节引导学生思考、观察、探究中发现知识。)
(3)认识电子表的整时刻。
1、学生根据已有的生活经验选择自己喜欢的学习方式,可以自行完成,也可以小组讨论完成。
2、教师:说一说你是怎样认识电子表上的时刻的?
3、引导学生小结:在电子表上,如果点的后面是2个0,前面的数字是几就是几时。
4、反馈练习。
出示模型钟:这个时刻用电子表的方式来表示,该怎样写呢?
(强调:电子表表示的整时刻时,点的后面是2个0。)
5、小结:今天我们学习了用两种方法来表示整时刻。一种是文字表示,一种是电子表的形式。(小结加深学生对时间两种表现形式的理解)
三、知识延伸。
1、引导学生思考:为什么我起床的时间是6时,看动画片的时间也是6时呢?(得出一天有早晨、上午、下午和晚上,初步感知时针每天转2圈。)
2.练习十六第3题。
(1)提问:①钟面上现在是几时?
②再过1小时是几时呢?
(2)反馈(教师演示课件):分针转一圈,时针走一格。(4时)
(3)学生独立认识其余钟面时间。
3.实践活动:小组合作设计一份合理的作息时间安排表。
(这个实践活动体现有效教学的基本策略之一的关注发展和关注应用所学知识解决问题。)
四、情感体验。
你能说出妈妈一天的作息时间吗?她的作息时间和我们有什么不同呢?为什么会这样呢?(体现有效教学的特征,关注“全人”发展。)
五、小结。
师:学习了这节课后你有什么收获?懂得了什么道理?希望通过这节课大家不仅能认识钟表,还要懂得珍惜时间,和时间一起赛跑!应用较少的时间做更多的事情。
(渗透有效教学的内涵,节时高效。相机渗透情感、态度价值观教育。)
课后总结
作为一名青年教师,作为一名刚刚踏上数学教学之路的我来说,整堂课的设计和实施免不了会有许多不足。希望在座的各位老师能够给我批评指正,我虚心接受,并将努力改善。谢谢大家!我的说课到此结束。
人教版一年级数学说课稿 小学一年级数学说课教案篇十二
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