阅读理解。

"Friendship is one of the basic bonds between human beings." While the characteristics of friendship

might vary from one country to another, people from all cultures not only enjoy friends but need them.

Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often suffer from psychological disorders.

It has been shown that teenagers, perhaps more than any other age group, need companionship and a sense

of belonging. The negative consequences of loneliness have also been observed among the elderly. The death

of a spouse (配偶) often leaves a widow or a widower totally bereft (失去理智). If, however, they are

surrounded by friends and relatives and if they are able to express their feelings, they are more likely to recover

from their grief.

"No man is an island." In other words, we are all parts of society. We all need the love, admiration, respect

and moral support of other people. If we are fortunate, our friends will provide us with all of these necessary

aspects of life. As most people observe, there are many levels of friendship. The degree or intensity of

friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals involved and the context of the relationships.

Outgoing persons enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas shy persons are perhaps content with

fewer but more intense friendships.

Everyone is not equally open with all their friends. The degree of closeness is determined by many factors. Close friends can be formed at any stage in one's life but they are usually very rare. Not very many people have more than a few really close friends. Irrespective of the level of closeness, all friendships are based on reciprocity(互惠), honesty and a certain amount of love and affection.

1. "No man is an island" (Line 1, Para. 3) implies that _______.

A. everyone is a part of an island

B. man cannot be an island

C. everyone is just a part of society

D. society is an island

2. The degree of closeness of friendship mainly depends on ________.

A. age

B. belonging

C. personality

D. culture

3. The author thinks that close friends ________.

A. can be easily formed when one is young

B. cannot be long-lasting

C. are not rare for everyone

D. are rare for most people

4.The word "irrespective" (Last sentence, Para. 5) means ________.

A. not respecting

B. dishonoring

C. regardless

D. considering